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• Cholesterol levels should be less than 200 mg/dL

Chapter 27

• HDL level should be greater than 45mg/dL
• LDL level should be less than 30 mg/dL
• Statins require diet and lifestyle changes to be effective.
• Statins are the strongest cholesterol drugs.
• Rhabdomyolysis first signs include long lasting muscle pain with stage 1.
• Stage 2 includes kidney pain in back/flank and dark urine (coke colored).
• Stage 3 will manifest with complete liver failure and stop urine production.
• Cholestyramine powder form should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after any other oral medication.
• Cholestyramine is also used to treat itching caused by a blockage in the bile ducts of the gall bladder.

Chapter 26

• Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) involves;
• Type 1 which has a gradual reduction in platelets and heparin therapy can generally be continued.
• Type 2 which has an acute fall in the number of platelets (more than 50% from baseline) and heparin should be discontinued.
• Enoxaparin is always given SubQ.
• Heparin symptoms include;
• Melena (blood in stool)
• Petechiae
• Protamine Sulfate is the Antidote to Heparin.
• Pneumonic for antidotes: in Heaven theres Peace / in War theres Killing (Heparin, Protamine, Warfarin, Vitamin K)
• Normal INR without Warfarin is 1.0.
• Normal INR with Warfarin is 2 to 3.5.
• Two anticoagulants ordered together should always be questioned.
• Aspirin and Clopidogrel are different because these drugs work on the platelets.
• Thrombolytics are used once the clot is actively causing stroke, MI, or heart attacks.
• Always give risk to patient and get written consent.
• Know the sites for Subq.
• LMWH is always given SQ at rotated sites.
• Ginger, garlic, and Capsicum Powder increase bleeding with these drugs.

Chapter 25

• Adenosine is given in a stress test.
• It has a very fast half-life of 10 seconds.
• It can cause asystole for 10 seconds.
• Diltiazem decreases AR, BP will remain stable, crosses the BBB and patient can have really weird abnormal dreams.
• With dysrhythmic drugs, the goal is to return to normal rhythm and monitor EKG very closely.

Chapter 24

• Digoxin is given for HF
• Potassium should be monitored
• The antidote is digifab
• The therapeutic range is 0.5 to 2 ng/mL

Chapter 23

• Nitrates are #1 class.
• Nitroglycerin's major action is vasodilation of coronary arteries.
• Hold the medication if BP less than 90/leo.
• Ask patient about 'slidanifil + tadalafil (if taken + How often)
• Severe vasodilation can cause a headache
• Inform the patient about this

Chapter 22

• Hydralazine vasodilates
• Can have reflex tachycardia
• Given IV push
• Usually given when BP is very high