Sports Performance Components in Shot Put

Sports Performance Components

• To achieve maximum distance in shot put, an athlete needs both conditional and coordinated abilities.
• These abilities are considered motor skills and are crucial for successful performance.
• Conditional abilities include strength (e.g., power).
• Coordination abilities are needed alongside motor skills and determine how well these abilities are used.
• Different forms of conditional abilities, like speed strength, are further categorized (See Tab. 2.1).
• Conditional abilities are needed to perform the actions (e.g., throwing a shot put).
• Skills like "how to throw a shot put" and proper technique ("take-off") are also necessary.
• Both abilities (skills and abilities) are trainable.

Conditional Abilities

• Strength: A crucial factor for achieving distance in shot put.
• Endurance: Vital for consistent performance throughout the competition.
• Speed: Essential for quick responses and powerful movements.
• Agility: Enables quicker changes in direction.
• Flexibility: Allows body to move and adapt to different tasks.

Coordinative Abilities

• Differential skills: Ability to determine and adjust movements between the start and the finish.
• Orientation abilities: The capacity to understand and use surroundings correctly.
• Reaction abilities: The skills necessary to quickly adapt to new circumstances.
• Coordination abilities: The capacity to combine different body movements smoothly.
• Rhythm abilities: The coordination and organization of movements.
• Adjustment abilities: The capacity to change and correct motions in real-time.
• Balance abilities: Maintaining a stable body position.

Motor Skills

• Technical skills: Specific motor actions (e.g., shot put technique, take-off techniques in shot put).