Unit 3 Special Senses Quiz

Gustation (taste) and olfaction (smell) use chemoreceptors to detect chemicals dissolved in solution.

Most taste buds are on the tongue, particularly within papillae (small bumps) of tongue mucosa.

Filiform, fungiform, and circumvallate papillae are the three types of tongue papillae that contain taste buds.

Sweet (sugars), Salty (metal ions), Sour (hydrogen ions), Bitter (alkaloids), and Umami (glutamate) make up the essential types of taste.

The pathway signals taste information to the brain from taste receptors, often including the brainstem and thalamus.

Smell contributes significantly to our perception of taste; 80% of taste experience comes from smell.

Strap-like muscles are responsible for eye movement, and are crucial for tracking and maintaining the eyeball's shape.

The lacrimal gland produces tears, which contain mucus, antibodies, and lysozyme, important for protection and lubrication.

Fluids filling the internal cavity of the eye.

The lens divides the eye's internal cavity into these two sections.

The outermost layer of the eye, containing the sclera (back) and cornea (front).

The opaque, white part of the eye that protects it and anchors muscles.

The clear part of the eye that lets light enter.

Middle layer of the eye, with three parts: choroid, ciliary body, and iris.

Part of the vascular tunic that supplies blood to the eye's layers.

Thickened ring around the lens, holding it in place with suspensory ligaments.

The colored part of the eye, controlling pupil size.

Opening in the center of the iris that adjusts light entry.

The light-sensitive lining of the eye, with photoreceptors (rods and cones).

Outer layer of the retina that absorbs light and prevents scattering.

Inner layer of the retina, containing photoreceptors, bipolar, and ganglion cells.

Light-detecting cells in the retina (rods and cones).

Photoreceptors that detect dim light and are used for peripheral vision.

Photoreceptors that detect bright light and give color vision.

Central region of the retina rich in cones, crucial for sharp vision.

The center of the macula lutea, with a high density of cones for precise vision.

The point where the optic nerve leaves the eye, lacking photoreceptors (blind spot).

A clear gel that fills the posterior segment of the eye, transmitting light, supporting the lens, and holding the retina in place.

The part of the eye's internal cavity between the cornea and the lens, containing aqueous humor.

A plasma-like fluid that fills the anterior segment of the eye, supporting the lens and cornea, nourishes the eye, and removes waste products.

A canal that drains the aqueous humor from the anterior segment of the eye.

A transparent, biconvex structure in the eye that focuses light onto the retina.

The bending of light as it passes from one transparent medium to another.

The process of adjusting the lens to focus on distant objects (more than 20 feet away).

The distance beyond which the lens does not need to change shape for focusing.

Close vision needs accommodation (lens shape change), constriction (pupil narrowing), and convergence (eye movement).

The eye's process of detecting light energy.

Photoreceptors for dim light and night vision, producing fuzzy images.

Bright light photoreceptors enabling color vision and detailed images.

The auricle (pinna) is part of the outer ear.

The inner ear plays a role in both hearing and balance.

The outer ear comprises the helix (rim), lobule (earlobe), and external auditory canal (a short, curved tube).

A thin, connective tissue membrane that vibrates in response to sound, transferring sound energy to the middle ear ossicles and acting as a boundary between the outer and middle ears.

The three small bones (malleus, incus, and stapes) in the middle ear that transmit the eardrum's vibratory motion to the oval window.

A tube connecting the middle ear to the nasopharynx that equalizes pressure between the middle ear and external air pressure.

Tortuous channels within the temporal bone containing the vestibule, cochlea, and semicircular canals, filled with perilymph.

The central, egg-shaped cavity of the bony labyrinth containing the saccule and utricle, which house equilibrium receptors called maculae.

Sensory receptors for static equilibrium located within the utricle and saccule, responding to gravity and head position changes.

Three curved tubes within the inner ear, crucial for detecting rotational movements of the head and dynamic equilibrium.

Three fluid-filled canals in the inner ear, each defining two-thirds of a circle, used for sensing angular head movements.

Equilibrium receptor housed in the ampulla (swollen end) of the semicircular canals.

Maintaining balance during head movements or acceleration.

Equilibrium receptors in the semicircular canals and vestibule.

Gel-like mass in the ampulla housing hair cells of the crista ampullaris.

Spiral, bony chamber in the inner ear containing the cochlear duct and organ of Corti (hearing receptor).

One of the three chambers in the cochlea, filled with perilymph.

Middle chamber in the cochlea, filled with endolymph.

Lowest chamber in the cochlea filled with perilymph. It connects to the round window.

Hearing receptor located in the cochlear duct.