Solubility Product & pH: Common Ion Effect
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Questions and Answers

What is the common ion effect?

  • A phenomenon where the solubility of a slightly soluble salt is decreased by the addition of a common ion. (correct)
  • An increase in the solubility of a slightly soluble salt due to the addition of a common ion.
  • A method used to remove impurities from water by adding a salt.
  • A type of precipitation reaction where a common ion is added to a solution.

    • What is the effect of increasing the concentration of the common ion on the solubility of the salt?

  • It decreases the solubility of the salt. (correct)
  • It depends on the type of salt.
  • It has no effect on the solubility of the salt.
  • It increases the solubility of the salt.

    • Why is the common ion effect more pronounced for salts with smaller Ksp values?

  • Because the equilibrium of the solubility reaction is shifted more easily. (correct)
  • Because they have a higher solubility product.
  • Because they have a higher concentration of ions.
  • Because they have a lower concentration of ions.

    • What is the result of adding NaCl to a solution of AgCl?

    <p>The solubility of AgCl decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of the common ion effect in precipitation reactions?

    <p>It helps to control the formation of precipitates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of the common ion effect in water treatment?

    <p>To remove impurities from water by adding a common ion to precipitate out the impurities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Solubility Product & pH

    Common Ion Effect

    • The common ion effect is a phenomenon where the solubility of a slightly soluble salt is decreased by the addition of a common ion.
    • A common ion is an ion that is already present in the solution, often from a different source.
    • The common ion effect occurs because the added ion shifts the equilibrium of the solubility reaction, reducing the solubility of the salt.

    Factors Affecting the Common Ion Effect

    • Concentration of the common ion: Increasing the concentration of the common ion increases the common ion effect, decreasing the solubility of the salt.
    • Solubility product (Ksp): The common ion effect is more pronounced for salts with smaller Ksp values.

    Examples of the Common Ion Effect

    • Silver chloride (AgCl): Addition of NaCl to a solution of AgCl reduces the solubility of AgCl due to the common ion Cl-.
    • Calcium carbonate (CaCO3): Addition of Ca(NO3)2 to a solution of CaCO3 reduces the solubility of CaCO3 due to the common ion Ca2+.

    Importance of the Common Ion Effect

    • Precipitation reactions: The common ion effect is important in precipitation reactions, where it can be used to control the formation of precipitates.
    • Water treatment: The common ion effect is used in water treatment to remove impurities, such as calcium and magnesium ions, by adding a common ion to precipitate out the impurities.

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    Description

    Learn about the common ion effect, its factors, and importance in chemistry, including precipitation reactions and water treatment. Understand how it affects the solubility of salts and its applications.

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