Solubility Rules for Ionic Compounds Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following salts are exceptions and are insoluble?

  • Sulfates (SO4)2−
  • Carbonates (CO3)2− (correct)
  • Phosphates (PO4)3−
  • Acetates (C2H3O2−)

Based on the solubility rules, which of the following ions would NOT form a solid in a precipitation reaction?

  • I−
  • ClO4−
  • NO3− (correct)
  • SO4)2−

Which group of cations forms exceptions when it comes to the solubility of sulfides?

  • Group 2 cations (correct)
  • Group 3 cations
  • Group 1 cations
  • Transition metal cations

If all the ions in a reaction are soluble, what can be concluded?

<p>No reaction occurs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ions has a solubility product constant associated with it?

<p>(CO3)2− (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Among the given ions, which one is correctly identified as insoluble based on the solubility rules?

<p>(PO4)3− (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using solubility product constant (Ksp) when comparing the solubilities of compounds?

<p>To directly compare the relative solubilities of compounds that produce the same number of ions when dissolved (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are the chlorides of Pb²⁺, Ag⁺, and Hg₂²⁺ grouped together in qualitative analysis?

<p>Since they are all insoluble in water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are cations classified according to the solubility of their salts in water?

<p>To predict the behavior of the cation in solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are separations in qualitative analysis of cations?

<p>Procedures that separate groups of ions from other groups for further testing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Confirmatory tests in qualitative analysis of cations are used for:

<p>Conclusively identifying the presence of certain ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In qualitative analysis, why is the group reagent H₂S used for sulfides of Pb²⁺, Hg₂²⁺, Bi³⁺, Cu²⁺, and Cd²⁺?

<p>Since these sulfides are insoluble in water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a double replacement reaction, when is the reaction specifically classified as a precipitation reaction?

<p>When one of the products formed is insoluble in aqueous solution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do solubility rules play in predicting whether a reaction forms a precipitate or not?

<p>They provide guidelines on which ions form solids and which remain in their ionic form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are reactants considered soluble due to dissociation in an aqueous solution?

<p>Because they are ionic compounds that dissociate into ions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the solubility rules?

<p>If something is insoluble due to rule 1, it has precedence over a lower-numbered rule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the six solubility guidelines used to predict insoluble molecules in water help in forming?

<p>Solid precipitates in solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a double replacement reaction sometimes referred to as a 'switching' reaction?

<p>Because the reactants form new compounds by exchanging partners (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Insoluble Salts (Exceptions)

Certain salts, despite general solubility rules, do not dissolve in water.

Nitrate Ions (NO3−)

Nitrate ions are generally soluble in water.

Group 2 Cations (Solubility of Sulfides)

Sulfides of Group 2 cations often form exceptions to general solubility rules, and are often insoluble.

No Reaction (All Soluble Ions)

If all ions in a reaction remain dissolved, no precipitate forms.

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Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)

A constant that describes the equilibrium between a solid salt and its ions in aqueous solution, useful for comparing solubilities.

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Phosphate Ions (PO43−) (Insoluble)

Phosphate ions generally form insoluble salts in water.

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Comparing Solubilities (Ksp)

The Solubility Product Constant, Ksp, directly compares the relative solubilities of compounds.

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Pb²⁺, Ag⁺, Hg₂²⁺ Chlorides (Insolubility)

Chlorides of these specific cations are insoluble in water.

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Cation Solubility Classification

Categorization of cations based on the solubility of their salts.

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Qualitative Analysis Separations

Processes separating different groups of ions for easier identification.

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Confirmatory Tests

Confirming the presence of specific ions after separation and testing.

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Group Reagent H₂S

A chemical used to separate sulfide groups in analysis.

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Precipitation Reaction

A reaction that forms an insoluble solid (precipitate).

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Solubility Rules

Guidelines to predict the solubility of different compounds in water.

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Soluble Reactants (Dissociation)

Ionic compounds that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water.

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Solubility Rule Precedence

If a rule states insolubility, it takes precedence over lower-numbered rules.

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Solubility Guidelines & Precipitates

Six solubility guidelines help in predicting solid precipitates in solutions.

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Double Replacement Reaction (Switching)

A type of reaction where reactants exchange partners to form new chemical compounds.

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