Solar Geometry and Insolation Symbols Quiz

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What symbol is used to represent insolation for a specified period?

G

T

I (correct)

H

What does the subscripts 'o', 'b', and 'd' represent in solar geometry?

Radiations at various latitudes

Extraterrestrial, beam, and diffuse radiations (correct)

Total radiations on a horizontal plane

Beam, direct, and tilted radiations

What is Radiosity in terms of solar geometry?

The radiation where radiant energy leaves a surface by reflection only

The rate at which radiant energy leaves a surface by emission only

The rate at which radiant energy is absorbed by a surface per unit area

The combined emission, reflection, and transmission of radiant energy from a surface (correct)

In solar geometry, what does the Latitude (Φ) represent?

The vertical angle between a point's location and the equatorial plane Signup and view all the answers

How is the equivalent flux falling normal to a surface calculated in solar geometry?

$I_b \cdot \cos\theta$ Signup and view all the answers

What does the Emissive Power represent in solar geometry?

The radiation where radiant energy leaves a surface by emission only Signup and view all the answers

What is the Solar Azimuth Angle?

The angle on a horizontal plane between the line due south and the projection of Sun's ray on the horizontal plane Signup and view all the answers

What does the Zenith angle represent?

Incidence angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the Surface Azimuth Angle (γ)?

-180° to +180° Signup and view all the answers

How is the Hour Angle ω related to time?

It is equivalent to 15° per hour Signup and view all the answers

What does the Slope (β) represent in Solar Geometry?

The angle between the plane of the surface and the horizontal Signup and view all the answers

When is the Zenith angle negative according to the text?

At sunrise Signup and view all the answers

What are the direct methods of solar energy applications?

Photovoltaic and tidal Signup and view all the answers

Which region of the solar radiation spectrum is important for solar energy applications?

Between 0.38 and 0.72 μm Signup and view all the answers

What is thermal radiation dependent on?

Temperature characteristics of the emissive surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

$300,000 m/s$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the solar constant value at the mean distance of the earth from the sun?

$1366.1 W/m2$ Signup and view all the answers

When is the solar heat at the outer edge of the earth's atmosphere highest?

January 3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the reflecting surface of a cylindrical parabolic collector generally made of?

Silvered glass Signup and view all the answers

Why are organic heat transfer liquids used in cylindrical parabolic collectors?

To reduce thermal conductivity Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration in the design of the supporting structure for a cylindrical parabolic collector?

The shape and orientation of the reflecting surface Signup and view all the answers

In comparison to flat-plate collectors, what can be said about the number of manufacturers producing concentrating collectors globally?

There are very few manufacturers producing concentrating collectors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPCs)?

To efficiently collect and concentrate distant light sources Signup and view all the answers

For what applications are Compound Parabolic Concentrators (CPCs) critical components?

Wireless communication, biomedical, and defense research Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the header pipes in a flat plate collector?

To lead water in and out of the collector and distribute it to the tubes Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended thickness range for the transparent cover of a flat plate collector?

6 - 8 mm Signup and view all the answers

What material is commonly used for insulation in the bottom and sides of a flat plate collector?

Glass wool Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical face area of collectors in a flat plate collector?

2 m2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of evacuated tube collectors over flat plate collectors?

Evacuated tubes perform well even in low sunlight conditions Signup and view all the answers

What type of fluid typically circulates in the heat transfer system of evacuated tube collectors?

Propylene Glycol Signup and view all the answers