Podcast
Questions and Answers
What factor does NOT affect the difference between Solar Time and Clock Time?
What factor does NOT affect the difference between Solar Time and Clock Time?
- Daylight Savings Time
- Location in the time zone
- Equation of time
- Earth's tilt on its axis (correct)
What does 'E' represent in the solar time formula?
What does 'E' represent in the solar time formula?
- Equation of time (correct)
- Time zone offset
- Time adjustment due to daylight savings
- Longitude of local location
Using the formula, what is the result of Solar Time when the local time is 2:30 PM and E is -14 minutes?
Using the formula, what is the result of Solar Time when the local time is 2:30 PM and E is -14 minutes?
- 2:56 PM
- 2:30 PM
- 2:14 PM
- 2:04 PM (correct)
Which of the following charts is NOT used to project the sun's path?
Which of the following charts is NOT used to project the sun's path?
What is the primary purpose of solar time calculations in architectural design?
What is the primary purpose of solar time calculations in architectural design?
In the formula for solar time, what does the term '4(Lst - Lloc)' specifically account for?
In the formula for solar time, what does the term '4(Lst - Lloc)' specifically account for?
When calculating solar time for a location observing Daylight Savings Time, what adjustment should be made?
When calculating solar time for a location observing Daylight Savings Time, what adjustment should be made?
Which of the following best describes the historical significance of sun charts?
Which of the following best describes the historical significance of sun charts?
What is the primary function of the light shelf mentioned in the Inland Revenue Center?
What is the primary function of the light shelf mentioned in the Inland Revenue Center?
Which feature helps improve the reflectance of daylight in the Inland Revenue Center?
Which feature helps improve the reflectance of daylight in the Inland Revenue Center?
What do shading devices create as per the examples provided?
What do shading devices create as per the examples provided?
Which of the following tools is used for determining shading masks?
Which of the following tools is used for determining shading masks?
What is the purpose of the Vertical Shadow Angle in the context of shading?
What is the purpose of the Vertical Shadow Angle in the context of shading?
What is indicated by the term 'Horizontal Shadow Angle'?
What is indicated by the term 'Horizontal Shadow Angle'?
How are shading devices beneficial in architecture?
How are shading devices beneficial in architecture?
Which project is specifically mentioned as having integrated light shelf shades?
Which project is specifically mentioned as having integrated light shelf shades?
What is the maximum summer sun altitude calculated using latitude?
What is the maximum summer sun altitude calculated using latitude?
Which angle is referred to as azimuth in solar geometry?
Which angle is referred to as azimuth in solar geometry?
What determines the yearly difference between maximum and minimum sun altitudes?
What determines the yearly difference between maximum and minimum sun altitudes?
During the vernal and autumnal equinox, how is the sun's altitude calculated at any latitude?
During the vernal and autumnal equinox, how is the sun's altitude calculated at any latitude?
What is the minimum winter sun altitude based on latitude?
What is the minimum winter sun altitude based on latitude?
What is the total angular difference in sun altitudes throughout the year?
What is the total angular difference in sun altitudes throughout the year?
Why is it important to chart the sun's path for a specific site?
Why is it important to chart the sun's path for a specific site?
Which seasonal event corresponds to a sun altitude of 90° - latitude?
Which seasonal event corresponds to a sun altitude of 90° - latitude?
What is the Horizontal Shadow Angle (HSA) required for thermal optimization in shading design?
What is the Horizontal Shadow Angle (HSA) required for thermal optimization in shading design?
Which formula correctly calculates the fin depth for horizontal shading?
Which formula correctly calculates the fin depth for horizontal shading?
What factors can be considered when displaying shading obstructions?
What factors can be considered when displaying shading obstructions?
How does the Horizontal Shadow Angle influence the design of a shading mask?
How does the Horizontal Shadow Angle influence the design of a shading mask?
What is the outcome of using a Horizontal Shadow Angle greater than 45°?
What is the outcome of using a Horizontal Shadow Angle greater than 45°?
What is the function of the Vertical Shadow Angle in shading design?
What is the function of the Vertical Shadow Angle in shading design?
What effect might displaying shading obstructions have on shading calculations?
What effect might displaying shading obstructions have on shading calculations?
Which angle is utilized to help achieve the necessary shading depth?
Which angle is utilized to help achieve the necessary shading depth?
What does SHGF stand for in the context of heat gain through windows?
What does SHGF stand for in the context of heat gain through windows?
How is the Shading Coefficient (SC) defined?
How is the Shading Coefficient (SC) defined?
What is the range of the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)?
What is the range of the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)?
If a window has an SC of 0.75, what would be the calculated SHGC using the given formula?
If a window has an SC of 0.75, what would be the calculated SHGC using the given formula?
What does an SHGC value of 0 represent?
What does an SHGC value of 0 represent?
Which of the following statements about real products is accurate?
Which of the following statements about real products is accurate?
Which measurement represents the solar heat admittance of a window product relative to incident solar heat?
Which measurement represents the solar heat admittance of a window product relative to incident solar heat?
What is the primary purpose of determining SHGF, SC, and SHGC?
What is the primary purpose of determining SHGF, SC, and SHGC?
Study Notes
Solar Geometry
- Earth's axis of rotation is 23.5 degrees, causing seasons
- Sun's position is determined by:
- Altitude (vertical angle above the horizon)
- Azimuth (horizontal angle measured from South)
- Maximum summer sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude plus 23.5 degrees
- Minimum winter sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude minus 23.5 degrees
- Maximum and minimum altitude difference is 47 degrees
- Vernal and autumnal equinox sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude
- Summer and winter solstice sun altitude is ± 23.5 degrees
Solar Time
- Solar time differs from clock time due to:
- Daylight Savings Time
- Location within a time zone (longitude)
- Earth's speed in orbit variation (i.e., equation of time)
- Solar time is used for charts and tables
- Solar time equation:
- Solar time = Local time + E + 4(Lst - Lloc)
- E = equation of time
- Lst = standard time zone longitude
- Lloc = location longitude
Sun Chart
- There are different methods for projecting the sun's path on a diagram:
- Cylindrical Chart
- Equidistant Chart
- Orthographic Chart
- Stereographic Chart
Solar Shading
- Langley Academy, UK, features a curved roof with integrated shading
- Inland Revenue Center, UK, utilizes a light shelf for shading and reflecting light into space
- Light-colored ceilings improve daylight reflectance
- Unique shading devices can create dramatic shadow patterns
Shading Masks
- Climate Consultant provides a shading calculator
- Vertical Shadow Angle is used for overhangs
- Horizontal Shadow Angle is used for fins
- Fin depth = window width / tan(HSA)
- Trees and neighboring buildings can be considered as shading obstructions
Heat Gain Through Windows
- SHGF (Solar Heat Gain Factor) represents solar radiation gain through single clear glass
- SC (Shading Coefficient) is the ratio of solar heat admittance of a glazing product relative to SHGF
- SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) is the ratio of solar heat admittance of a window product relative to solar heat incident on the projected window surface
- SC x 0.87 = SHGC
- SHGC ranges from 0 to 1, 1 representing no resistance, and 0 total resistance
- Real products range from 0.2 to 0.9
- MEEB Tables C.1 to C.10 provide information on SHGF, SC, and SHGC
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Description
Test your knowledge on solar geometry, including the Earth's axial tilt and the factors affecting sun position. Dive into how solar time differs from standard clock time and the implications for navigation. This quiz will challenge your understanding of concepts like altitude, azimuth, and equinoxes.
