Solar Geometry and Time Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What factor does NOT affect the difference between Solar Time and Clock Time?

  • Daylight Savings Time
  • Location in the time zone
  • Equation of time
  • Earth's tilt on its axis (correct)

    • What does 'E' represent in the solar time formula?

  • Equation of time (correct)
  • Time zone offset
  • Time adjustment due to daylight savings
  • Longitude of local location

    • Using the formula, what is the result of Solar Time when the local time is 2:30 PM and E is -14 minutes?

  • 2:56 PM
  • 2:30 PM
  • 2:14 PM
  • 2:04 PM (correct)

    • Which of the following charts is NOT used to project the sun's path?

    <p>Thermal Chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of solar time calculations in architectural design?

    <p>To figure out shadow patterns and sunlight exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the formula for solar time, what does the term '4(Lst - Lloc)' specifically account for?

    <p>The difference in local and standard time zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating solar time for a location observing Daylight Savings Time, what adjustment should be made?

    <p>Subtract 1 hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the historical significance of sun charts?

    <p>They trace back to work by ancient astronomers and mathematicians.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the light shelf mentioned in the Inland Revenue Center?

    <p>To reflect light into the space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature helps improve the reflectance of daylight in the Inland Revenue Center?

    <p>Light-colored ceiling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do shading devices create as per the examples provided?

    <p>Dramatic shadow patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tools is used for determining shading masks?

    <p>Climate Consultant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Vertical Shadow Angle in the context of shading?

    <p>To determine the angle of an overhang</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated by the term 'Horizontal Shadow Angle'?

    <p>The angle for a vertical shading fin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are shading devices beneficial in architecture?

    <p>They enhance aesthetic appearance and functionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which project is specifically mentioned as having integrated light shelf shades?

    <p>Inland Revenue Center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum summer sun altitude calculated using latitude?

    <p>90° minus latitude plus 23.5°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which angle is referred to as azimuth in solar geometry?

    <p>Horizontal angle measured from the South</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the yearly difference between maximum and minimum sun altitudes?

    <p>Latitude and Earth’s axis tilt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the vernal and autumnal equinox, how is the sun's altitude calculated at any latitude?

    <p>90° minus latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum winter sun altitude based on latitude?

    <p>90° minus latitude minus 23.5°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total angular difference in sun altitudes throughout the year?

    <p>47°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to chart the sun's path for a specific site?

    <p>To understand solar radiation and shading</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which seasonal event corresponds to a sun altitude of 90° - latitude?

    <p>Vernal equinox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Horizontal Shadow Angle (HSA) required for thermal optimization in shading design?

    <p>45°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula correctly calculates the fin depth for horizontal shading?

    <p>Fin depth = Window width / tan(HSA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors can be considered when displaying shading obstructions?

    <p>Shading obstructions such as trees and neighboring buildings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Horizontal Shadow Angle influence the design of a shading mask?

    <p>It helps calculate the fin depth to meet thermal needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of using a Horizontal Shadow Angle greater than 45°?

    <p>Decreased shade and possible thermal loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Vertical Shadow Angle in shading design?

    <p>To calculate the depth of horizontal shades.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect might displaying shading obstructions have on shading calculations?

    <p>They improve the accuracy of the shading simulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which angle is utilized to help achieve the necessary shading depth?

    <p>Vertical Shadow Angle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does SHGF stand for in the context of heat gain through windows?

    <p>Solar Heat Gain Factor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the Shading Coefficient (SC) defined?

    <p>The ratio of the total solar heat admittance relative to SHGF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of the Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)?

    <p>0 to 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a window has an SC of 0.75, what would be the calculated SHGC using the given formula?

    <p>0.82</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does an SHGC value of 0 represent?

    <p>Total resistance to heat gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about real products is accurate?

    <p>Real products generally range from 0.2 to 0.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which measurement represents the solar heat admittance of a window product relative to incident solar heat?

    <p>SHGC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of determining SHGF, SC, and SHGC?

    <p>To evaluate potential heat gain through windows</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Solar Geometry

    • Earth's axis of rotation is 23.5 degrees, causing seasons
    • Sun's position is determined by:
      • Altitude (vertical angle above the horizon)
      • Azimuth (horizontal angle measured from South)
    • Maximum summer sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude plus 23.5 degrees
    • Minimum winter sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude minus 23.5 degrees
    • Maximum and minimum altitude difference is 47 degrees
    • Vernal and autumnal equinox sun altitude is 90 degrees minus latitude
    • Summer and winter solstice sun altitude is ± 23.5 degrees

    Solar Time

    • Solar time differs from clock time due to:
      • Daylight Savings Time
      • Location within a time zone (longitude)
      • Earth's speed in orbit variation (i.e., equation of time)
    • Solar time is used for charts and tables
    • Solar time equation:
      • Solar time = Local time + E + 4(Lst - Lloc)
      • E = equation of time
      • Lst = standard time zone longitude
      • Lloc = location longitude

    Sun Chart

    • There are different methods for projecting the sun's path on a diagram:
      • Cylindrical Chart
      • Equidistant Chart
      • Orthographic Chart
      • Stereographic Chart

    Solar Shading

    • Langley Academy, UK, features a curved roof with integrated shading
    • Inland Revenue Center, UK, utilizes a light shelf for shading and reflecting light into space
    • Light-colored ceilings improve daylight reflectance
    • Unique shading devices can create dramatic shadow patterns

    Shading Masks

    • Climate Consultant provides a shading calculator
    • Vertical Shadow Angle is used for overhangs
    • Horizontal Shadow Angle is used for fins
    • Fin depth = window width / tan(HSA)
    • Trees and neighboring buildings can be considered as shading obstructions

    Heat Gain Through Windows

    • SHGF (Solar Heat Gain Factor) represents solar radiation gain through single clear glass
    • SC (Shading Coefficient) is the ratio of solar heat admittance of a glazing product relative to SHGF
    • SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) is the ratio of solar heat admittance of a window product relative to solar heat incident on the projected window surface
    • SC x 0.87 = SHGC
    • SHGC ranges from 0 to 1, 1 representing no resistance, and 0 total resistance
    • Real products range from 0.2 to 0.9
    • MEEB Tables C.1 to C.10 provide information on SHGF, SC, and SHGC

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    Related Documents

    ARCH 309-F24 Lecture 7 Solar Geometry + Shading PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on solar geometry, including the Earth's axial tilt and the factors affecting sun position. Dive into how solar time differs from standard clock time and the implications for navigation. This quiz will challenge your understanding of concepts like altitude, azimuth, and equinoxes.

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