Software Development Methodologies Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of Model-Driven Development (MDD)?

Generating software code directly from models, eliminating the need for manual coding.

Developing models that are closely aligned with specific domains, rather than solely informatics concepts. (correct)

Creating models that are more abstract and distant from specific domains.

Replacing traditional software engineering methodologies with a purely model-driven approach.

Which organization launched the Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) initiative?

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)

The Object Management Group (OMG) (correct)

What is the primary goal of Test-Driven Development (TDD)?

Integrating testing into the development process at the end of each sprint to ensure quality.

Focusing on testing only the critical functionalities of the software, minimizing testing effort.

Developing unit tests after the code is completely written to ensure its functionality.

Writing automated tests before writing the actual code, driving the development process. (correct)

Which of these is NOT a step in the Test-Driven Development (TDD) process?

Refactor the code to improve its design and maintainability. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between Model-Driven Development (MDD) and Agile methodologies?

AMDD is an agile version of MDD, combining the modeling aspects of MDD with Agile principles. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of refactoring software?

Improving code readability and maintainability (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a degraded project?

High performance - efficient and fast operations (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common signal that indicates a need for refactoring?

Use of a single, large class to handle all functionalities (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a design principle for classes?

Responsibility and dependencies (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recognized design pattern?

Hierarchical Clustering (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of neglecting refactoring?

Increased technical debt (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF)?

To enable the building of tools and applications based on structured data models. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture)?

To create reusable and interoperable services that can be combined to build complex applications (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)?

To isolate secondary or supporting functions from the main program's business logic. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a good example of a service in the context of software development?

A web service providing weather data (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cross-cutting concern in AOP?

Object instantiation (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of AOP, what is a 'pointcut'?

A specific piece of code that is executed when a particular event occurs. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of a Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)?

Services are always implemented using object-oriented programming paradigms. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of refactoring code (functional and testing)?

Elimination of the need for testing after each refactoring change. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key principle behind Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN)?

To provide a standardized graphical notation for representing business processes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a Domain Specific Language (DSL)?

SQL (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Advanced Software Engineering Techniques - Course 1

The course was held on October 14, 2024, by Adrian Iftene ([email protected])

ASET - Overview

SWEBOK: Defines the place and role of software engineering, knowledge areas (KAs), and related disciplines.
Development and Maintenance: Focuses on systems, model-driven agile development, enterprise application architecture patterns, test-driven development, and refactoring.
Code Architecture: Discusses topics like object-oriented design classes (SOA, object-oriented design principles), serverless modeling, business modeling (BPMN), domain-specific languages (DSL), and frameworks (Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF), Open Architecture Ware (OAW)).

Model Driven Development

MDD: A software methodology centered on creating models aligned with specific fields, rather than purely informatics concepts.
MDA: The most established initiative of MDD, launched in 2001 by the Object Management Group (OMG).

Agile Model Driven Development (AMDD)

AMDD: An agile version of MDD.
Iteration Planning: Model-based part of iteration planning to estimate and plan the work for the iteration, with stakeholders participating, and allowing for adjustments as the project evolves.
Test-First Approach: Development of working software through a test-first methodology. Details are documented in executable specifications.
Iterations: Phased approach outlined as iterations of envisioning, modeling, and development, including model storming and reviews.

Test Driven Development (TDD)

TDD Steps:
- Add a test.
- Execute tests; the new test should fail.
- Add functional code to pass all tests.
- Rerun tests.
- If tests fail, return to step 3. If tests pass, move to other functionality.
- Refactor code (functional and testing).

Modeling

IBM Rational Rose Modeler: A modeling tool.
BPMN: Business Process Modeling Notation - a graphical representation of workflow.
DSL: Domain Specific Languages - languages for specific domains.
Frameworks: Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF), Open Architecture Ware (OAW).

BPMN - Example

BPMN is a graphical notation to specify business processes in workflow.
Working groups, time, statuses, tasks, and outputs (e.g., issue lists) are visually represented.
BPMN examples illustrate the sequential progress of tasks and decisions.

Eclipse Modeling Framework

EMF: An Eclipse-based modeling framework and code generation facility for structured data model applications.

Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)

AOP: A programming paradigm to isolate supporting functions from the core program logic.
Modularization: Increases modularity by separating cross-cutting concerns within the code.
Techniques and tools that handle concern modularization at the source code level.
Ordinary Way vs. AOP Way: Illustrative representations with how project modifications are performed differently.

AOP - Basic Terminology

Cross-cutting concerns: Aspects of a program affecting other concerns.
Advice: Additional code implemented.
Pointcut: Points where additional code is executed.
Aspect: The combination of pointcut and advice.
Compiler and Weaver: How the aspect code integrates within the compiler and the resulting executable.

AOP Languages

Examples: AspectJ, Caesar, CLOS, Compose, JAsCo, ObjectTeams.

AOP - AspectJ - Hello World!

AspectJ Example: A specific example of how to implement aspects in AspectJ.
Pointcut, advice, and other related concepts.

AOP - AspectJ - Example 2

Problem: Tracking student information changes.
Solution: A pointcut for all "set" methods captures the changes of student attributes (e.g. name, grade).

AOP - AspectJ - Example 3

Problem: Tracing program execution flow.
Solution: A pointcut for all methods capturing the changes made by the program (trace logging).

SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture)

Definition: Distributes application functionality into smaller service units.
Use of Services: Enables distributed, network-based services for application creation.
Service Independence: Services are independent functional entities designed to tackle specific problems.

SOA - Example

Examples: Completing online applications/forms, viewing accounts/statements, ordering online tickets, and robot services for vision, hearing, or movement.

SOA - .NetROBOT - Tudor D.

Diagram: Depicts a robust framework for a .NetROBOT represented in a UML diagram

Object-Oriented Design Principles

Architecture and Dependencies: Discusses elements of a degraded project.
Design Principles: Highlights principles like responsibility, dependencies, and separation in object classes.
Architecture Principles: Includes reuse, versioning, closing, coupling, and dependency.
Design Patterns: Covers object-oriented patterns like Abstract Server, Adapter, Observer, Bridge, and Abstract Factory.

Architectural Degradation

Problems: Rigid, fragile code, immobility, viscous behaviors.
Additional Issues: Additional complexity and obscurity (opacity).

Refactoring

Definition: Changes to the internal structure of a software product without altering its observable behavior to enhance code quality.
Benefits: Reduces coupling and improves cohesion.
Code Structure Impacts: Successive changes can lead to sub-optimal code structures.

Refactoring - When?

Signals for Refactoring: Includes symptoms like duplicate code, long methods, and large classes, long parameter lists, polymorphism issues, and intense object interaction.

Github

Used for code repositories.

Google Drive

Used for document repositories.

Links - References

Provides various links to external resources on software design, architectures, etc.

Bibliography

Includes reference citations for design principles information and agile frameworks.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Model-Driven Development (MDD) and Test-Driven Development (TDD) in this comprehensive quiz. Explore key concepts, processes, and their impact on Agile methodologies. Perfect for students and professionals looking to enhance their understanding of these important software development practices.