Software Design Patterns

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Questions and Answers

Which aspect of a design pattern allows for adaptation to specific contexts?

  • They are customizable blueprints. (correct)
  • They offer pre-made solutions.
  • They are typical solutions.
  • They address recurring problems.

What is the primary focus of creational design patterns?

  • Structuring object relationships.
  • Managing object creation mechanisms. (correct)
  • Defining object communication.
  • Encapsulating object access.

Which type of design patterns deals with how objects are composed to form larger structures?

  • Structural (correct)
  • Architectural
  • Behavioral
  • Creational

What is the main concern of behavioral design patterns?

<p>Assigning responsibilities between objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which creational pattern ensures that a class has only one instance and provides a global point of access to it?

<p>Singleton (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design pattern would you use to create families of related objects without specifying their concrete classes?

<p>Abstract Factory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pattern involves creating new objects by copying an existing object, known as the prototype?

<p>Prototype (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of creational patterns, what is the role of a 'builder'?

<p>To construct complex objects step by step. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural pattern converts the interface of a class into another interface clients expect?

<p>Adapter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural pattern decouples an abstraction from its implementation, allowing the two to vary independently?

<p>Bridge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intent of the Composite pattern?

<p>To compose objects into tree structures representing part-whole hierarchies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural pattern is used to add responsibilities to individual objects dynamically without affecting other objects?

<p>Decorator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the Facade design pattern?

<p>To provide a simplified interface to a complex subsystem. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of the Flyweight pattern?

<p>Sharing objects to support large numbers of fine-grained objects efficiently. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the Proxy pattern?

<p>To provide a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In design patterns, what is the main advantage of using the Iterator pattern?

<p>It provides a way to access the elements of an aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the 'Subscriber' play in the Observer pattern?

<p>It is notified of state changes in the subject. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core purpose of the Strategy pattern?

<p>To define a family of algorithms and make them interchangeable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consider a scenario where you need to add functionalities to individual objects dynamically, and you want to avoid affecting other objects. Which Structural design pattern would be most suitable for this?

<p>Decorator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You are tasked with designing a system where the creation of product objects needs to be handled differently based on the context or type of product requested, without exposing the instantiation logic to the client. The system should also support the creation of families of related products. Which combination of creational patterns would best address these requirements?

<p>Abstract Factory and Factory Method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Design Patterns

Typical solutions to common problems in software design, customizable like blueprints.

Creational Patterns

Focuses on object creation mechanisms, providing flexibility in what gets created.

Structural Patterns

Concerned with how objects are assembled to form larger structures.

Behavioral Patterns

Deals with assigning responsibilities between objects.

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Singleton Pattern

Ensures only one instance of a class is created.

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Factory Method Pattern

Defines an interface for creating objects.

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Prototype Pattern

Creates new objects by copying an existing object.

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Abstract Factory

Provides an interface for creating families of related objects.

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Builder Pattern

Separates the construction of a complex object from its representation.

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Adapter Pattern

Matches interfaces of different classes.

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Bridge Pattern

Decouples an abstraction from its implementation.

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Composite Pattern

Composes objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies.

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Decorator Pattern

Adds responsibilities to objects dynamically.

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Facade Pattern

Provides a simplified interface to a complex subsystem.

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Flyweight Pattern

Uses sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects efficiently.

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Proxy Pattern

Provides a placeholder for another object to control access to it.

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Iterator Pattern

Provides a way to access the elements of an aggregate sequentially.

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Observer Pattern

Defines a one-to-many dependency between objects.

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Strategy Pattern

Defines a family of algorithms and encapsulates each one.

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Study Notes

  • Design Patterns are solutions to common problems in software design
  • They are customizable blueprints
  • They solve recurring design problems in code

Design Pattern Elements

  • Pattern Name
  • Problem
  • Solution
  • Consequences

Categories of Design Patterns

  • Creational: Focuses on object creation mechanisms.
  • Structural: Focuses on assembling objects and classes into larger structures.
  • Behavioral: Focuses on assigning responsibilities between objects.

Creational Patterns

  • Singleton
  • Factory Method
  • Prototype
  • Abstract Factory
  • Builder

Singleton Design Pattern Structure

  • This ensures a class only has one instance, and provides a global point of access to it.

Factory Method Design Pattern Structure

  • This provides an interface for creating objects in a superclass, and allows subclasses to alter the type of objects that will be created.

Prototype Design Pattern Structure

  • This involves creating new objects by copying an existing object, known as the prototype

Abstract Factory Design Pattern Structure

  • This offers an interface for creating families of related or dependent objects without specifying their concrete classes.

Builder Design Pattern Structure

  • This separates the construction of a complex object from its representation, allowing the same construction process to create different representations.

Structural Patterns

  • Adapter
  • Bridge
  • Composite
  • Decorator
  • Facade
  • Flyweight
  • Proxy

Adapter Design Pattern Structure

  • This converts the interface of a class into another interface clients expect
  • Adapter lets classes work together that could not otherwise because of incompatible interfaces

Bridge Design Pattern Structure

  • This decouples an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can vary independently

Composite Design Pattern Structure

  • This composes objects into tree structures to represent part-whole hierarchies
  • Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions of objects uniformly

Decorator Design Pattern Structure

  • This attaches additional responsibilities to an object dynamically
  • Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending functionality

Facade Design Pattern Structure

  • This provides a unified interface to a set of interfaces in a subsystem
  • Facade defines a higher-level interface that makes the subsystem easier to use

Flyweight Design Pattern Structure

  • This uses sharing to support large numbers of fine-grained objects efficiently

Proxy Design Pattern Structure

  • This provides a surrogate or placeholder for another object to control access to it

Behavioral Patterns

  • Iterator
  • Observer
  • Strategy

Iterator Design Pattern Structure

  • This provides a way to access the elements of an aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation

Observer Design Pattern Structure

  • This defines a one-to-many dependency between objects so that when one object changes state, all its dependents are notified and updated automatically

Strategy Design Pattern Structure

  • This defines a family of algorithms, encapsulates each one, and makes them interchangeable
  • Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it

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