29 Questions
According to Campbell (1981), women are more likely to be cautioned than prosecuted for two possible reasons:
because they are women or because they have factors associated with women
What percentage of the prison population was male in 2021?
96%
What percentage of women serving sentences were serving sentences of less than 12 months?
17%
According to Heidensohn (1985), women are treated more harshly when they commit crimes that involve:
deviations from gender norms
What type of crimes are deemed legitimate for women to commit, according to the text?
Crimes that are in line with their femininity
According to Geppert (2022), female defendants are treated leniently due to:
the responsibilities they are expected to uphold in the family
What is relative deprivation defined as?
An actual or perceived lack of resources required to maintain the quality of life
What is the main difference between relative deprivation and absolute deprivation?
One compares to the norms of the group and the other is about individual circumstances
What is an example of relative poverty?
A household income that is 50% less than the median income
What is the primary distinction between folkways and mores?
Folkways relate to convention, while mores relate to moral conduct
What is the origin of the term 'taboo'?
It comes from the Polynesian word for 'sacred'
What can lead to feelings of injustice, even when absolute conditions have improved?
Relative poverty
What is the primary focus of 'breaching experiments' in sociology?
To explore the construction of social norms
What is the role of expectations in relative deprivation?
Expectations about the standard of living are based on the norms of the group
What is the relationship between relative deprivation and political marginalisation?
They are interrelated concepts
According to sociologists, what determines whether an act is deviant or not?
How society reacts to the act
What is the key idea behind the social construction of deviance?
That deviance is constructed by society
What is the definition of deviance provided by Fulcher and Scott?
Nonconformity to social norms
What type of harms are not treated as criminal by the state?
All of the above
What is a limitation of Indigenous Criminology?
It focuses on state-run justice processes
Why do criminal researchers get money for doing certain research?
To receive remuneration via contractual relations
What is an example of a non-state means to address crime?
Neighborhood watch
What is a consequence of Indigenous Criminology's limited critical analysis?
It is largely devoid of historical context
What is a limitation of procedural ethics in relation to indigenous methodologies?
It ignores the cultural context of the population being studied
What is essential for ensuring community-driven research according to Indigenous Research Ethics Protocols in Canada?
Collective consent and ownership
What is the purpose of Indigenous Research Methods such as Storytelling and Oral history interviews?
To resist colonial narratives and promote Indigenous Ways of Knowing and Being
What is meant by 'data sovereignty' in the context of indigenous research?
Data access is highly restricted to the general public
What is necessary to Indigenize research-ethics processes according to Jennifer Grenz?
Giving up control and subtracting dominant approaches
What is the primary goal of Indigenous Research Ethics Protocols in Canada?
To ensure community-driven research and prevent research extraction
Learn about the different types of norms, including folkways, mores, and taboos, as well as sanctions, laws, and their enforcement in societies.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
