Sanction Definition in Sociology: Chapter 3 Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of language in the transmission of cultural ideas?

To allow the recreation and maintenance of society through generations (correct)

To create symbols that reflect cultural elements

To store knowledge and contemplate the writings of past societies

To convey meaning to one group through religious artifacts

What is the significance of symbols in a culture?

They are culturally absolute

They help to define reality

They convey meaning and power (correct)

They provide endless possibilities for communication

What is a characteristic of beliefs in a culture?

They are based on material culture

They are universally absolute

They are culturally relative (correct)

They are fixed and unchanging

What is the purpose of material culture in a society?

To create concrete and tangible objects for survival Signup and view all the answers

What is a function of beliefs in a culture?

To help define reality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of formal negative sanctions in a society?

To enforce cultural norms and punish violators Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between symbols and their meanings?

The meanings of symbols are derived from their cultural context Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a positive sanction?

A ceremony of public acclaim for a heroic act Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of language in culture?

To facilitate symbolic communication Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between laws and folkways or mores?

Laws are often based on folkways or mores Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between formal and informal sanctions?

Formal sanctions are enforced by government, while informal sanctions are applied by individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cultural norms in a society?

To provide guidelines for acceptable behaviour Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between material and nonmaterial culture?

One is tangible and the other is intangible Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of culture that enables us to understand what is considered acceptable behavior in society?

Norms Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a nonmaterial aspect of culture that is shared by members of a society?

Religion Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of cultural variations?

Different reactions to cultural traditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of culture in meeting sustenance needs?

It provides knowledge and skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between culture and time and place?

Culture is relative to time and place Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between acculturation and interculturation?

Acculturation is a one-way process, while interculturation is a two-way process Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of culture, according to the Structural Functional Analysis perspective?

To fulfill a human need Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of globalization on local cultures?

The domination of international economic and political systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between discovery and invention?

Discovery involves recognizing existing cultural elements, while invention involves creating new ones Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of perspectives in a culture?

They are limited and filter what we see Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of long-term close contact between groups?

The exchange of cultural traits and the emergence of new culture Signup and view all the answers

What was the perception of African religions by the colonizers?

As a pagan form of worship Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Chinese immigrants start arriving in the Caribbean?

1852 Signup and view all the answers

Why did the East Indians resist assimilation into the wider society?

They were perceived as pagans and heathens Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the cultural milieu in the Caribbean region?

It is diverse and multifaceted Signup and view all the answers

Which theory explains Caribbean society as a complex system of social stratification?

The Plantation Model Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the fusion of European and African cultures in the Caribbean?

The creation of a multifaceted and dynamic culture Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Culture and Society

Laws are formalized rules that are officially stated and enforced by a government, and may be based on folkways and mores.
Sanctions are rewards or punishments for conforming to or violating cultural norms, and can be formal or informal.
Only a small fraction of social behavior can be policed by formal agencies, and most sanctions are applied informally.

Language and Symbols

Symbolic communication, including language, is a major component of culture.
Language allows the transmission of cultural ideas through generations and enables interaction and recreation of society.
Symbols can unify people or command respect and devotion, and their meanings can only be derived from their cultural context.

Beliefs

Beliefs are ideas about what is true and help define reality.
All cultures have accumulated many beliefs over time, providing a common basis for understanding the environment.
Beliefs are culturally relative and can vary greatly between cultures.

Material and Nonmaterial Culture

Material culture refers to the concrete and tangible aspects of a society, such as food, clothing, and technology.
Nonmaterial culture includes intangible components, such as language, norms, values, and beliefs.

Functions of Culture

Culture enables communication with others through language.
It provides standards for distinguishing between right and wrong, beautiful and unpleasant, and reasonable and unreasonable.
Culture provides methods for training children and meeting sustenance needs.

Cultural Variations

Culture is relative to time and place, and what is considered normal in one culture may be unacceptable in another.
Acculturation is the borrowing of cultural traits by one group from another, and can lead to the emergence of new culture.

Innovation and Globalization

Innovation is the process of introducing a new idea or object to a culture, and can take the form of discovery or invention.
Globalization allows international economic and political systems to dominate local cultures, leading to cultural homogenization.

Perspectives on Culture

Culture is a shared perspective that is not absolute truth, and perspectives are limited by their nature.
As we interact, we come to share ideas about the way the world is.

Cultural Dynamics

The Caribbean region has a complex cultural milieu, with diverse cultural values and attitudes introduced by immigrant groups.
The plantation system created a complex system of social stratification, with race and ethnicity creating divisions.
Culture in the Caribbean is multifaceted, dynamic, and rich, with a fusion of European, African, and Asian cultural elements.

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Description

Test your understanding of laws and sanctions in the context of sociology. Learn how laws are formalized and enforced, and the role of sanctions in shaping cultural behavior. Evaluate your knowledge of folkways, mores, and negative sanctions.

Sociology Chapter 3: Laws and Sanctions