Questions and Answers
What is the difference between a primary group and a secondary?
A primary group
Which of the following is an example of an in-group/out-group dynamic?
What is a total institution?
An organization in which participants live a controlled lifestyle and in which resocialization occurs.
What characterizes an instrumental leader?
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Why do people conform to a group according to Solomon Asch?
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The United States Government is a form of what?
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What does the McDonaldization of Society refer to?
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What is a reference group?
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What type of organization does a court-ordered member of a rehabilitation center join?
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How is meritocracy defined?
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Study Notes
Primary vs. Secondary Groups
- A primary group consists of individuals who interact closely and regularly, fostering strong emotional ties and personal connections.
- Secondary groups are larger, more impersonal, and less emotionally involved, primarily formed for specific purposes or tasks.
In-Group/Out-Group Dynamics
- In-group: a group with which a person identifies and feels a sense of belonging.
- Out-group: a group that a person does not identify with and may perceive negatively, such as rival sororities advising against socializing with each other.
Total Institutions
- Total institutions are organizations where individuals are isolated from society and controlled in their daily lives, often undergoing resocialization, such as rehab centers, prisons, or military boot camps.
Instrumental Leadership
- Instrumental leaders focus on achieving specific goals and task completion, prioritizing efficiency and effectiveness over group morale.
Conformity and Group Dynamics
- Solomon Asch found that individuals often conform because they perceive the group as possessing superior knowledge or information, driving a tendency to follow group norms.
Bureaucracy
- The U.S. Government operates as a bureaucracy, characterized by hierarchical structure, clear rules and regulations, and systematic processes.
McDonaldization of Society
- McDonaldization describes the spread of the fast-food business model, characterized by efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control, to various social institutions such as education and healthcare.
Reference Groups
- Reference groups are the groups against which individuals evaluate themselves, influencing their attitudes, behaviors, and sense of identity.
Coercive Organizations
- A coercive organization is one that individuals are compelled to join, often for rehabilitation or correction, exemplified by court-ordered rehabilitation for drug addiction.
Meritocracy
- Meritocracy refers to a system where advancement within a bureaucracy is determined based on documented skills and abilities, rather than personal connections or arbitrary criteria.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards covering Chapter 6 of Sociology. Delve into important concepts like primary vs. secondary groups and in-group/out-group dynamics. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of sociological theories.
