Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary consideration when designing an interview guide for unstructured interviewing?
What is the primary consideration when designing an interview guide for unstructured interviewing?
- To finalize the information requirements before initiating data collection
- To conduct interviews using a rigid set of questions
- To understand the respondents’ background and communication styles (correct)
- To avoid any revisions to the initial information requirements
During the data collection process, how should researchers approach their information requirements?
During the data collection process, how should researchers approach their information requirements?
- They can revise their requirements based on new insights gained (correct)
- They should ask irrelevant questions for broader context
- They must finalize all questions before starting any data collection
- They should strictly adhere to their initial requirements without changes
What role does the overview of topics play in the interview guide?
What role does the overview of topics play in the interview guide?
- It limits the range of possible questions to ask the respondents
- It provides an initial breakdown of the information intended to be obtained (correct)
- It serves as a checklist for managing time during interviews
- It is optional and can be ignored during the interview process
Why is understanding the respondents’ communication styles crucial in the interview process?
Why is understanding the respondents’ communication styles crucial in the interview process?
What aspect is specifically emphasized regarding the communication styles of respondents in the nursing study mentioned?
What aspect is specifically emphasized regarding the communication styles of respondents in the nursing study mentioned?
What is the primary purpose of informing respondents before the interview begins?
What is the primary purpose of informing respondents before the interview begins?
What is a critical aspect of unstructured interviewing to ensure successful data collection?
What is a critical aspect of unstructured interviewing to ensure successful data collection?
Why is it important for the interview to take place in a relaxed environment?
Why is it important for the interview to take place in a relaxed environment?
How should the researcher approach steering the conversation during the interview?
How should the researcher approach steering the conversation during the interview?
What is one of the recommended practices for informing respondents before the interview?
What is one of the recommended practices for informing respondents before the interview?
Flashcards
Unstructured Interviewing
Unstructured Interviewing
A qualitative data collection method where the information needs evolve during the interview process, allowing for flexibility.
Interview Guide
Interview Guide
A document that outlines the topics to be discussed during an interview, providing a structure for unstructured interviews.
Information Requirements
Information Requirements
The specific types of information needed for the study, which may change during data collection, especially in unstructured interviews.
Initial Information Assessment
Initial Information Assessment
A preliminary evaluation of the information needed before the data collection begins, crucial for unstructured interviews.
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Interview Topics
Interview Topics
The subjects or areas that are the focus of an interview that are included in an interview guide.
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Respondent Background
Respondent Background
The factors concerning a respondent's history, environment, and communication style that affect the interview.
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Interview Guide Design
Interview Guide Design
The process of creating the interview guide, considering the respondent's background and the specifics of the research questions.
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Qualitative Data
Qualitative Data
Information collected through methods like unstructured interviews, rich in details of human experiences.
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Unstructured Interviewing
Unstructured Interviewing
A flexible interviewing method where the researcher and respondent interact to collect data. Questions are not predetermined and can evolve during the interview.
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Data Collection Implementation
Data Collection Implementation
The process of carrying out interviews, starting with informing participants to ensure ethical, transparent, yet engaging interaction.
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Participant Information
Participant Information
Crucial for motivation: explain the study, its purpose, and the participant's role, clearly outlining the interview process.
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Ethical Considerations
Ethical Considerations
Ensuring participants are aware of their rights to refuse participation and to refuse answering specific questions, adhering to ethical standards.
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Interview Setting
Interview Setting
Choosing a suitable environment for the interview, free from interruption, ensuring respondent comfort and privacy in a suitable location and time.
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Interviewer Role
Interviewer Role
Creating a friendly, non-judgmental atmosphere, steering the interview towards relevant topics according to the interview guide, promoting a natural conversational flow.
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Interview Guide
Interview Guide
A document that provides a structure and topics in unstructured interviews to keep the focus on the research subject.
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Social Research Methods
- Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches are covered in this book.
- Sigmund Grønmo is the author.
Chapter 10: Unstructured Interviews and Focus Groups
- Learning objectives include personal interviews and focus groups, data collection preparation, implementation, typical problems, and group dynamics.
- Chapter outline: Online interviews/focus groups, chapter highlights, research examples, student exercises/questions, recommended literature.
- Page numbers for the outline are included (194-205).
Data Collection and Data Quality (Page 3)
- Qualitative data collection involves flexible interviews or focus group conversations.
- Unstructured interviews involve conversations between the researcher and a single respondent or several people simultaneously.
- Focus groups focus on specific topics.
- Data collection is flexible and depends on response information.
- Researchers may adjust their questions and topics based on the interview.
- Both unstructured interviews and focus groups can now also be conducted online.
Personal Interviews (Page 4)
- A schematic overview of unstructured interviewing is presented (Table 10.1).
- Preparing the data collection involves constructing an interview guide, considering information requirements, specifying topics, and considering communication methods.
- The interview guide is the researcher's basis for the interview.
- It should be comprehensive and flexible, specific but not overly detailed.
- The researcher should assess information needs related to the research questions.
Data Collection Implementation (Page 6)
- Unstructured interviews involve a flexible communication process between researcher and respondent.
- Obtaining consent, confidentiality, and anonymity must be considered.
- Information regarding the study must be communicated to the respondent before the interview.
- Interviewing should happen at a time and place with minimal interruptions.
- Clear and good conversational communication is important.
- The researcher should avoid influencing the respondent's answers.
- It's important to consider potential respondent recall errors or self-presentation bias.
- Focus groups are similar to personal interviews, but involve multiple respondents.
Online Interviews and Focus Groups (Page 11)
- Online interviews (synchronous/asynchronous) and focus groups are now possible.
- Data can be collected via email, online forums, or chat platforms.
- Online interactions can be synchronous (simultaneous) or asynchronous (not simultaneous).
- Online interviews/focus groups are easier and less costly.
- Verification of respondent identity can be challenging.
- Asynchronous approaches permit respondents to take time to respond, potentially reducing the effect of spontaneous pressures and enhancing more thoughtful responses.
- Focus groups can help in generating a variety of perspectives, especially useful regarding sensitive topics.
Chapter Highlights (Page 12)
- Unstructured interviewing is conducted by the researchers themselves and entails conversations with respondents.
- Unstructured interviews are flexible but require a well-defined interview guide.
- Data collection is discussed extensively.
Research Examples (Page 13)
- Various studies are discussed using unstructured interviews/focus groups.
- Examples of studies on nurses' commitment, gender-based sibling roles in Iranian families, and views on cumulative effects of transport infrastructure in Sweden are presented.
- Specific publications with author names, titles and publication details are included.
Student Exercises and Questions (Page 14)
- Exercises for practicing interview guide creation, understanding differences between personal interviews and focus groups, and issues related to focus group size and online focus group types are provided.
- Sample exercises for student application in different contexts (e.g., university students and their leisure activities) are provided.
Recommended Literature (Pages 14-15)
- Several literature resources are referenced, explaining focus groups and interviews in detail.
- Authors and titles/book titles, publication details and specific topics covered are included.
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