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Questions and Answers
What is the core idea of social psychology?
What is the core idea of social psychology?
Which limitation was noted regarding the study of volunteers in a windowless room?
Which limitation was noted regarding the study of volunteers in a windowless room?
What psychological effect was observed among most volunteers who experienced social isolation?
What psychological effect was observed among most volunteers who experienced social isolation?
What consequence of social isolation is NOT mentioned?
What consequence of social isolation is NOT mentioned?
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Which ethical consideration ensures that participants can leave a study at any point?
Which ethical consideration ensures that participants can leave a study at any point?
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How does the 'small world phenomenon' relate to social connections?
How does the 'small world phenomenon' relate to social connections?
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Which factor is NOT included as a reason for why a person may act differently in varying situations?
Which factor is NOT included as a reason for why a person may act differently in varying situations?
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What was one significant outcome regarding an individual's ability to cope with isolation during the study?
What was one significant outcome regarding an individual's ability to cope with isolation during the study?
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Which dispositional factor is least likely to influence a person's reaction to life satisfaction during COVID?
Which dispositional factor is least likely to influence a person's reaction to life satisfaction during COVID?
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What was one of the strengths of the Brindal 2021 COVID Study?
What was one of the strengths of the Brindal 2021 COVID Study?
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Which of the following factors was reported to contribute to more life satisfaction during the COVID period?
Which of the following factors was reported to contribute to more life satisfaction during the COVID period?
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What is a limitation of the self-reported data used in the Brindal 2021 COVID Study?
What is a limitation of the self-reported data used in the Brindal 2021 COVID Study?
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Which element describes the focus of community psychology?
Which element describes the focus of community psychology?
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During the COVID period, which group was likely to report less life satisfaction?
During the COVID period, which group was likely to report less life satisfaction?
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Which of the following statements about extraversion and life satisfaction during COVID is true?
Which of the following statements about extraversion and life satisfaction during COVID is true?
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What is one key characteristic of an open-minded person in the context of life satisfaction during COVID?
What is one key characteristic of an open-minded person in the context of life satisfaction during COVID?
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Flashcards
Social Psychology Definition
Social Psychology Definition
The scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence (actual, imagined, or implied) of other people.
Social Isolation Impacts
Social Isolation Impacts
Prolonged lack of human contact can lead to negative health outcomes: high blood pressure, mental illness, physical inactivity, and increased risk of premature death.
Small World Phenomenon
Small World Phenomenon
The idea that any two people on Earth are likely connected by a short chain of acquaintances.
Ethical Considerations (Research)
Ethical Considerations (Research)
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Social Psychology's Focus
Social Psychology's Focus
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Hawthorne Study (Limitation)
Hawthorne Study (Limitation)
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6 Degrees of Separation
6 Degrees of Separation
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Factors Influencing Behavior
Factors Influencing Behavior
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Dispositional Factors
Dispositional Factors
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COVID Study (Dispositional Factors)
COVID Study (Dispositional Factors)
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Life Satisfaction
Life Satisfaction
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Community Psychology
Community Psychology
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Collectivism
Collectivism
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Individualistic Perspective
Individualistic Perspective
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Study Limitations (COVID)
Study Limitations (COVID)
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Strengths of the COVID Study
Strengths of the COVID Study
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Study Notes
Social Psychology Definition
- A scientific approach to understanding how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence (actual, imagined, or implied) of others.
- Gordon Allport (1954) defined it as the study of how individuals are influenced by others, focusing on individuals within a society.
- Social psychology looks at how attitudes towards the world are shaped by interactions with people and media.
Schachter 1959 Social Isolation Experiment
- A study involving 5 volunteers in a windowless room with only food, water, and entertainment.
- 80% of participants reported feeling uncomfortable without human contact, indicating strong psychological impact.
- Most participants couldn't endure isolation for long periods, showing the necessity of human contact.
- Individuals responded differently to isolation, with some lasting 8 days without adverse effects.
- Limitations included a small sample size, lack of cultural representation, and the artificial nature of the windowless room.
Ethics in Social Isolation Studies
- Participants should have the freedom to withdraw from the study.
- Informed consent is essential, ensuring participants understand the study's purpose and procedures.
- Participants should receive debriefing and resources after the study.
- Recruitment should be ethical, accounting for the benefits to participants.
- Avoiding payment or coercion is critical for ethical research.
Impacts of Social Isolation (Hawthorn 2006, Holt-Lunstad 2015, Shanker 2015)
- Social isolation's impacts on physical and mental health include high blood pressure, mental illness, physical inactivity, dementia, emotional distress, poorer immune functioning, smoking, poor sleep quality, decreased well-being, and premature death.
Small World Phenomenon (Milgram 1967, 6 Degrees of Kevin Bacon)
- Any individual can be connected to any other individual through a chain of at most five other people.
Environmental Factors
- Factors that explain how the same person may act differently in different situations, including other people, objects, information, social systems, and events.
Dispositional Factors
- Factors influencing how different people react to the same situation include personality, demographics (age, gender), mood, culture, and prior beliefs.
Brindal 2021 COVID Study
- A study investigating how dispositional factors impacted life satisfaction during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Factors associated with higher life satisfaction included working from home, having more children at home, spending time on hobbies, and concern about contracting COVID-19.
- Factors associated with lower life satisfaction included unhealthy eating habits, increased screentime, being extraverted or agreeable, and concern about society's impact.
COVID-19 Study Limitations
- Self-reported, subjective accounts taken after the event.
- Participants might have answered questions in a way reflecting their perceived expectations.
- Participants may have answered questions based on the past 6 months, making accuracy and current feelings questionable.
Community Psychology & Collectivism
- Considers how environmental and political factors influence personal behavior.
- Examines social interactions and how societies and communities shape a person's life.
- It aims for second-order change by improving societal factors, contrasting with individualistic approaches.
- Community psychology advocates for a collectivistic perspective, emphasizing the interconnectedness of individual lives with surroundings.
- Focus is on societal problems and second-order change. Media, social interactions, and environment influence a person's life, all contributing factors that are included in the observations.
Kelly 2019 Social Enterprise in Scotland
- A study focusing on social isolation in Scotland using community activity to understand and reduce isolation.
- Recognizes the significance and extent of social connection.
- Analyzes how social isolation impacts individuals and emphasizes the reciprocal influence between a person's characteristics and social environment.
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Description
Explore the fascinating field of social psychology, examining how human thoughts and behaviors are influenced by the presence of others. Delve into the Schachter 1959 social isolation experiment that reveals the psychological impact of human contact and the varied responses to isolation among participants.
