Social Psychology Concepts Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is Social Psychology?

  • Study of how animals behave
  • Study of human history
  • Study of human biology
  • Study of how humans interact (correct)

What does Attribution Theory explain?

Behavior can be explained by internal disposition or external situation.

What is the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Underestimating situational factors and overestimating personal disposition.

What is an Attitude?

<p>A belief and feeling that influences judgment and behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon?

<p>The tendency for people who agree to a small request to comply with a larger request later.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Door-In-The-Face Phenomenon?

<p>Starting with a larger request and then making smaller compromises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive dissonance refer to?

<p>When attitudes and actions are inconsistent, creating discomfort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Conformity?

<p>Adjusting thoughts to agree with social norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Solomon Asch?

<p>A social psychologist known for research on conformity, particularly the line test.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Stanley Milgram?

<p>A social psychologist known for researching obedience to authority through the shock experiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Phil Zimbardo?

<p>A social psychologist known for the Stanford Prison Experiment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Obedience?

<p>The tendency to comply with orders from perceived authority figures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Social Facilitation?

<p>Improved performance on tasks in the presence of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Social Loafing?

<p>The tendency for individuals in a group to exert less effort toward a common goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Deindividuation refer to?

<p>The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in group situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Group Polarization?

<p>The tendency for people's beliefs to become stronger after group discussions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Groupthink?

<p>When the desire for harmony leads to poor decision-making in groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Self-fulfilling Prophecy?

<p>When beliefs about others lead to actions that cause those beliefs to come true.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Altruism?

<p>Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Bystander Effect?

<p>The tendency for bystanders to be less likely to help a victim when more bystanders are present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Diffusion Of Responsibility?

<p>The weakening of individual obligation to act when responsibility is shared among a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Prejudice?

<p>An attitude toward a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a Stereotype?

<p>A specific belief about a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Discrimination?

<p>Taking action against a group based on prejudiced beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Ingroup?

<p>'Us' - people with whom one shares a common identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Outgroup?

<p>'Them' - those perceived as different or apart from 'us'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ingroup bias refer to?

<p>The tendency to favor one's own group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the scapegoat theory?

<p>The theory that prejudice provides an outlet for anger by offering someone to blame.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Just-World Phenomenon?

<p>The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Social Psychology

The study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others.

Attribution Theory

Explaining behavior by considering internal traits or external situations.

Fundamental Attribution Error

Overestimating the influence of personal traits and underestimating situational factors when explaining behavior.

Attitude

A belief or feeling that influences judgments and actions, often without complete information.

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Foot-in-the-Door Phenomenon

A tendency to agree to a larger request after agreeing to a smaller one.

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Door-in-the-Face Phenomenon

Agreeing to a smaller request after refusing a larger one.

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Cognitive Dissonance

The discomfort felt when actions don't align with beliefs or attitudes.

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Conformity

Adjusting views or actions to match group standards.

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Solomon Asch

Famous for experiments demonstrating conformity.

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Stanley Milgram

Known for controversial obedience studies.

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Phil Zimbardo

Stanford Prison Experiment.

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Obedience

Following orders, especially those from authority figures.

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Social Facilitation

Improved performance on tasks in the presence of others.

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Social Loafing

Reduced effort in group tasks compared to individual tasks.

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Deindividuation

Loss of self-awareness and restraint in group settings.

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Group Polarization

Group discussions intensifying initial beliefs.

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Groupthink

Pressuring for group consensus to overrule good decision making.

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Self-fulfilling Prophecy

Beliefs about others influencing their behavior, making them match those beliefs.

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Altruism

Helping others without expecting reward.

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Bystander Effect

Reduced likelihood of helping in emergencies with others present.

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Diffusion of Responsibility

Shared responsibility among group members reduces individual obligation.

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Prejudice

Negative attitude towards a group based on stereotypes.

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Stereotype

Oversimplified belief about a group of people.

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Discrimination

Negative actions based on prejudices.

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Ingroup

A group one identifies with.

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Outgroup

Group perceived as different or external.

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Ingroup Bias

Favoritism towards one's own group.

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Scapegoat Theory

Blaming an outgroup for problems.

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Just-World Phenomenon

Belief that people get what they deserve.

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Study Notes

Social Psychology Concepts

  • Social Psychology: Examines human interactions, thoughts, and influences among individuals.
  • Attribution Theory: Explains behavior through internal traits or external situations.
  • Fundamental Attribution Error: Tendency to misattribute causes of behavior, overestimating personal factors while underestimating situational influences.

Attitudes and Influence

  • Attitude: A pre-formed belief or feeling that impacts judgment and behavior without complete facts.
  • Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon: Individuals more likely to agree to a larger request after initially complying with a small one.
  • Door-In-The-Face Phenomenon: Starts with a large request, then makes a smaller request that seems more reasonable.

Cognitive Dissonance

  • Cognitive Dissonance: A state of discomfort arising when actions conflict with beliefs or attitudes.

Conformity and Obedience

  • Conformity: Adjusting personal views to align with group standards to fit in socially.
  • Solomon Asch: Conducted experiments highlighting conformity, such as the line test, illustrating social pressure.
  • Stanley Milgram: Researched obedience with controversial shock experiments demonstrating compliance to authority figures.
  • Phil Zimbardo: Designed the Stanford Prison Experiment to investigate the psychological effects of perceived roles.

Group Dynamics

  • Obedience: Following orders from perceived authority figures.
  • Social Facilitation: Enhanced task performance in the presence of others.
  • Social Loafing: Reduced effort in group tasks compared to individual accountability.
  • Deindividuation: Loss of self-awareness and restraint in group situations leading to atypical behavior.
  • Group Polarization: Group discussions can intensify original beliefs among like-minded individuals.
  • Groupthink: Tendency for consensus in decision-making groups to override realistic evaluations of alternatives.

Social Perceptions

  • Self-fulfilling Prophecy: Beliefs about others can lead to actions that cause those others to confirm those beliefs.
  • Altruism: Concern for the welfare of others without personal gain.
  • Bystander Effect: Individuals are less likely to help in emergencies when others are present.
  • Diffusion of Responsibility: Shared responsibility among group members diminishes individual accountability.

Prejudice and Discrimination

  • Prejudice: Attitude directed at a group, often based on stereotypes.
  • Stereotype: Specific beliefs or generalizations about a group.
  • Discrimination: Actions taken against individuals based on prejudicial beliefs.
  • Ingroup: "Us" - individuals with shared identities, fostering a sense of belonging.
  • Outgroup: "Them" - those perceived as different or apart from the ingroup.
  • Ingroup Bias: Favoritism towards one’s own group.
  • Scapegoat Theory: Prejudice as a means of venting frustrations by blaming others for problems.
  • Just-World Phenomenon: Belief that actions lead to appropriate consequences, suggesting people get what they deserve.

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Description

Test your understanding of key concepts in social psychology, including attribution theory, attitudes, cognitive dissonance, and the dynamics of conformity and obedience. This quiz will challenge your grasp on how individuals interact and influence one another's behaviors.

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