Social Psychology Chapters 1 and 2

<p>Within one-tenth of a second (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artifacts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bias blind spot (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The extent to which the actor responds the same way to different stimuli. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Situational attribution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests that people always believe that bad things happen to bad people and good things happen to good people. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They lack the cognitive resources to analyze the available information. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The impact of social situations on behavior (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tendency to underestimate the role of personal factors in influencing others' behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Construal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experimental method (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not allow researchers to manipulate variables (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A variable that is not measured but influences both variables of interest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The trade-off between internal validity and external validity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People's expectations about others can influence their behavior towards those individuals, which in turn affects the individuals' behavior, ultimately confirming the initial expectations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conscious (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mental structure that organizes our knowledge about the world (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their interpretation of the black man's actions in the video, leading to a higher likelihood of perceiving him as violent. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The physical attractiveness of the female partners, as depicted in the photographs they were shown. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The men's initial expectations about their partners' sociability based on attractiveness significantly influenced their own behavior, which resulted in the women behaving in a way that confirmed those expectations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To disguise the true purpose of the study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use of deception (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A common belief that people who are physically attractive are also socially adept and likeable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic research focuses on understanding fundamental psychological processes, while applied research focuses on solving specific social problems. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Schemas provide a framework for organizing and interpreting information, influencing what we notice, attend to, and remember. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The participants' schemas led them to focus on certain details based their pre-existing expectations of the woman's profession. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows researchers to generalize findings across different studies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Good subjects try to confirm the hypothesis, negative subjects try to disconfirm the hypothesis, and apprehensive subjects are anxious about being observed and try to behave in a socially desirable way. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The participants' schemas influenced their perception of the woman's behavior, leading to different interpretations based on their individual schemas. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Display Rules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thin-Slicing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Can lead to more efficient cognitive processing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>to internal attributions, even when they knew the author's position was assigned (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Belief Perseverance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sudden increase in heart rate when surprised (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative behaviors are attributed to internal factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judging a person's trustworthiness based on a brief conversation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first information we learn about someone has the most influence on our overall impression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person getting a promotion due to being a hard worker (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perceptual salience, as the situation and its influence on the other person are not as prominent to the observer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals facing more than one actor attribute leadership equally to both. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A salesperson attributes a customer's purchase to their unique persuasive skills but blames a competitor's successful sales pitch on the customer's naivete. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Making a spontaneous judgment about the person's disposition based on their behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The type of topic discussed by the target person. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perceptual salience explains why we are more likely to attribute behaviors to internal factors rather than external ones. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People only focus on internal attributes when making judgment about others’ behavior. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pro-Castro, regardless of whether the writers were forced or chose to write the essays. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The unconscious influence of stimuli perceived below the threshold of awareness.

The study of how we form impressions and make inferences about others.

Communication without words using facial expressions, gestures, and body language.

The six emotions consistently expressed across cultures: happiness, anger, surprise, fear, sadness, and disgust.

To encode is to express nonverbal behavior; to decode is to interpret it.

Explanations for successes that credit internal factors and for failures that blame external factors.

Explanations for behavior that help avoid feelings of vulnerability or mortality.

Assumption that bad things happen to bad people and good things to good people.

Theory stating that we attribute behavior based on patterns of occurrence with causal factors.

Extent to which others behave similarly towards the same stimulus.

Mental frameworks that help organize and interpret information based on past experiences.

Facial expressions showing mixed emotions on different parts of the face.

Culturally based guidelines on appropriate nonverbal behavior.

Beliefs about what will happen in specific situations based on prior knowledge.

Nonverbal gestures with specific meanings in a culture.

When expectations influence behavior, causing the expected outcome to occur.

The real or imagined presence of others.

Making quick judgments about a person's behavior or personality from brief samples.

Study showing racial bias impacting perceptions of violence in a video interaction.

Belief that attractive individuals possess positive traits like sociability.

The tendency to let first impressions shape later judgments.

The effect social situations have on one's behavior.

Sticking with an initial judgment despite new conflicting information.

Overestimating internal traits while underestimating situational factors.

Research demonstrating that perceived attractiveness influences how people interact.

Schemas that group personality traits together based on initial impressions.

First perceptions that are favorable, often leading to better interactions.

The way people perceive and interpret the social world.

When initial negative judgments lead to poor interactions, confirming negative beliefs.

Belief that behavior is due to personal characteristics or traits.

How people think about themselves and the social world.

Exaggerating how predictable an event was after it occurs.

Belief that behavior is due to situational factors.

Studying documents and archives for behavioral insights.

Overestimating internal causes and underestimating external factors in behavior judgments.

Value assessing how well one variable predicts another.

A method determining cause by manipulating variables.

How well an experiment controls variables, isolating the independent variable.

The extent to which research findings can be generalized to other settings.

A statistical technique that averages results from multiple studies.

Mental structures used to organize knowledge about the social world.

Unconscious, involuntary, and effortless thought processes.

Conscious, intentional, and effortful thought processes.

Different attributions made for oneself and others’ actions.

The focus on prominent information impacting judgment.

The tendency to overemphasize personality traits while underemphasizing situational factors.

A two-stage approach to making attributions: automatic and then reflective.

Being mentally occupied which affects attribution accuracy.

Initial, automatic assumptions about behavior based on observations.

The awareness of the situation influencing one’s own behavior.