30 Questions
How do users primarily engage with social media?
Via web-based software or web application
What aspect of individuals does social media 'empower'?
To have a voice
In large organizations, why are social media often supported?
To foster the sense of a 'digital village'
How are social movements influenced by social media in terms of communication?
Shaped and fundamentally influenced
What do social movements draw from previous movements and activities through social media?
Accumulated knowledge
What is believed that states are doing by adapting to fit in among global networks?
Making pragmatic transformation
What is global governance?
A movement towards political integration of transnational actors
Why are institutions like the United Nations, International Criminal Court, and World Bank mentioned in relation to global governance?
They are examples of institutions with limited enforcement power
What type of issues is global governance mainly concerned with?
Complex issues beyond the capacity of a single state
How can global governance be defined?
The sum of laws, norms, policies, and institutions defining trans-border relations
Which statement best describes the role of global governance in addressing humanitarian crises?
It necessitates collaboration among a variety of actors and expertise
What characterizes international organizations with universal membership such as the United Nations and World Trade Organization?
Membership open to all countries globally
What does New Internationalism in the Global South aim to account for?
Subjugated peoples within the borders of wealthier countries
Which type of internationalism suggests that conflicts within societies are determined by international factors?
Revolutionary Internationalism
What was the impact of IMF policies on underdeveloped states in the 1980s, according to the text?
Ravaged by merciless policies
What is the distinguishing feature of Hegemonic Internationalism?
Domination of one state over others
In which type of internationalism is cooperation among states seen as inevitable for achieving common goals?
Liberal Internationalism
What does Revolutionary Internationalism suggest about conflicts within societies?
They are determined by international factors
What is the main purpose of the United Nations?
Ensuring worldwide peace and security
How many members does the General Assembly of the United Nations have?
193 Member States
What type of majority is needed for decisions related to peace and security in the General Assembly?
Two-thirds majority
Which organ of the United Nations is responsible for maintaining international peace and security?
Security Council
How many members are there in the Security Council of the United Nations?
15 Members
How often does the Presidency of the Security Council change?
Every month
How has globalization impacted nation-states' boundaries?
It has divided barriers in physical and international trade.
What is the role of nation-states in a globalized world?
Primarily regulatory to manage global interdependence.
How does globalization affect nation-states' economic policies?
Forces them to examine policies due to challenges from multinational corporations.
What is a consequence of favoring Westernization in international trade?
It puts other nation-states at a disadvantage in dealing with the Americas and Europe.
Why are nation-states forced to engage with each other in setting international trade policies?
Due to the challenges and opportunities presented by multinational corporations.
What happens to the roles of different states in a globalized world?
Some states see diminished roles while others have enhanced roles due to economic imbalances.
Study Notes
The United Nations
- The purpose of the UN is to maintain worldwide peace and security, develop relations among nations, foster cooperation to solve international problems, and provide a forum for countries to come together.
- The main organs of the UN are the General Assembly and the Security Council.
- The General Assembly is the main deliberative, policymaking, and representative organ of the UN, comprising all 193 Member States.
- Decisions on important questions require a two-thirds majority, while decisions on other questions are by simple majority.
- The General Assembly elects a President to serve a one-year term.
The Security Council
- The Security Council is responsible for the maintenance of international peace and security.
- The Council has 15 members, including 5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members.
- It takes the lead in determining the existence of a threat to the peace or act of aggression.
- The Security Council has a Presidency, which rotates every month.
The Role of the Nation-State in Globalization
- Nation-states are not abolished by expanded trade, but rather, globalization changes the way they interact with each other, particularly in international trade.
- Nation-states have potential effects on globalization, such as favoring Westernization, which disadvantages other nations, especially in the agricultural industry.
- Nation-states are forced to examine their economic policies in light of the challenges and opportunities presented by multinational corporations and international commerce.
The Role of the Nation-State in a Global World
- The role of the nation-state is largely regulatory, and its domestic role remains unchanged.
- In setting international trade policies, isolated states are forced to engage with one another, while the role of some states is diminished, and others are exalted due to economic imbalances.
Social Media and the States
- Social media empower individuals to have a voice and allows for easy electronic communication of personal information and content.
- Social media have changed the way knowledge is recorded and passed on within social movements.
- States are making pragmatic transformations by adapting to fit in among decisive global networks in finance, education, science, technology, arts, culture, and sports.
Global Governance
- Global governance is a movement towards political integration of transnational actors aimed at negotiating responses to problems that affect more than one state or region.
- It involves institutionalization, and these institutions have limited or demarcated power to enforce compliance.
- Global governance is concerned with issues that have become too complex for a single state to address alone, such as humanitarian crises, military conflicts, climate change, and economic volatility.
Types of International Organizations
- Universal membership organizations include the United Nations, Bretton Woods Institutions, and the World Trade Organization.
- New Internationalism in the Global South refers to the resistant imagery of a transnational political subject that results from a shared experience of subordination under contemporary global capitalism.
Explore the role of social media as an internet-based platform for electronic communication, sharing personal information, and empowering individuals to have a voice. Learn how social movements leverage social media for crowdsourcing and stakeholder collaboration.
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