Social Influence and Change Quiz
60 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes 'social influence'?

  • Changes that occur in whole societies.
  • The acceptance of new attitudes by individuals.
  • The process by which individuals and groups change each other's attitudes and behaviours. (correct)
  • The study of minority rights.

    • Social change refers exclusively to alterations in individual attitudes and behaviors.

    False

    Name one real-world example of social change mentioned in the text.

    women's suffrage

    The civil rights marches of the 1950s and 60s drew attention to racial segregation, providing ______ of the problem.

    <p>social proof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'augmentation principle' refer to in minority influence?

    <p>The personal risk taken by individuals, indicating strong belief.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consistent messaging from a minority group is not important for social change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'social cryptomnesia'?

    <p>People have a memory that change has occurred but don't remember how it happened</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'freedom riders' were an example of the ______ principle, because they risked their lives in the fight for Civil Rights.

    <p>augmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a result of the civil rights movement as described in the text?

    <p>The passing of the US Civil Rights Act.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following steps with their description in minority social influence:

    <p>Drawing attention through social proof = Highlighting the issue to others Consistency = Maintaining a consistent position over time Deeper processing of the issue = People begin to think thoroughly about the issue The snowball effect = Increase in support from the general public</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Asch's research highlight about dissent?

    <p>Dissent breaks the power of the majority, encouraging others to do likewise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cryptoamnesia refers to a complete lack of knowledge about current events.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Zimbardo, how can obedience be used to create social change?

    <p>through the process of gradual commitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Environmental and health campaigns often use appeals to ________ social influence to exploit conformity processes.

    <p>normative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following research findings with their implications for social change:

    <p>Asch's Research = The importance of dissent in breaking majority influence Milgram's Research = The significance of disobedient role models Nolan et al.'s Research = Using normative messages to influence energy usage Zimbardo's Research = The role of gradual commitment in obedience and social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the key message used in Nolan et al.'s energy conservation study?

    <p>Most residents are trying to reduce their energy usage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Providing information about what other people are doing does not affect social change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text mention the campaign of 'Bin it – others do' as an example?

    <p>to illustrate how normative messages can discourage littering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Milgram's research demonstrates the importance of ____________ role models concerning obedience.

    <p>disobedient</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main conclusion of Nolan et al.'s (2008) research regarding energy use?

    <p>Conformity through normative social influence leads to social change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Foxcroft et al. (2015) find in their review of social norms interventions aimed at reducing student alcohol use?

    <p>A small reduction in drinking quantity and no effect on drinking frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Nemeth (2009), social change is due to the type of thinking that majorities inspire.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thinking does Nemeth argue minorities inspire?

    <p>divergent thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mackle (1987) suggests that if you do not share the views of the ______ it may create deeper processing.

    <p>majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Bashir et al. (2013), what is a primary factor that resists social change?

    <p>People's inherent resistance to change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Foxcroft et al.'s review supported the idea that social norms interventions are highly effective in reducing student alcohol use.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main benefit of dissenting minorities?

    <p>They stimulate new ideas and open minds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When people consider minority arguments, they engage in ______ thinking.

    <p>divergent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each researcher with their main finding or argument:

    <p>Foxcroft et al. (2015) = Social norms interventions had only a small effect on student drinking. Nemeth (2009) = Minorities inspire divergent thinking which drives social change Mackle (1987) = Majority influence can create deeper processing of information. Bashir et al. (2013) = People resist social change despite the information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Nemeth (2009) argue is the benefit of divergent thinking?

    <p>It results in better decisions and more creative options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between social influence and social change?

    <p>Social influence is a mechanism that can lead to social change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'snowball effect' in social change refers to the sudden and immediate adoption of a minority viewpoint by the majority.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the 'augmentation principle' in the context of minority influence?

    <p>personal risk taken</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The civil rights movement demonstrated how a consistent minority can lead to social change by encouraging people to think more deeply about the issue, leading to ____________.

    <p>deeper processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts related to social change with their description.

    <p>Social Proof = Demonstrating existing attitudes or behaviors which can be changed Social Cryptomnesia = People knowing change has occurred but not remembering how Snowball effect = A gradual process where more and more people adopt the minority position Augmentation Principle = The increased importance of a message due to personal risk in promoting it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the African-American civil rights movement example, what served as 'social proof' of the issue?

    <p>The segregation of black and white populations in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social cryptomnesia refers to the process where people selectively forget the struggles involved in achieving social changes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest is a key factor that strengthens a minority's position and increases their potential influence?

    <p>consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The US Civil Rights Act is an example of the social change moving from minority support to ______ support.

    <p>majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the consequence of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

    <p>It prohibited discrimination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the phenomenon where some people have no memory of the events that led to a change?

    <p>Cryptoamnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Milgram's research, a disobedient role model increases the rate of obedience.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Zimbardo, how does gradual commitment contribute to social change?

    <p>By making it much more difficult to resist bigger instructions after obeying a small one.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Environmental campaigns often use normative social influence by appealing to what the ______ are doing.

    <p>majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following research with their key finding relating to social influence:

    <p>Asch's research = Dissent can break the power of the majority Milgram's research = Disobedient role models reduce obedience Nolan et al.'s research = Normative messages can reduce energy usage Zimbardo's research = Gradual commitment can lead to social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Nolan et al.'s study on energy use demonstrate about social change?

    <p>Conformity through normative social influence can lead to social change.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social change only occurs through minority influence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having a confederate give correct answers in Asch's research?

    <p>It breaks the power of the majority and encourages others to do the same.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One tactic of health campaigns is preventing young people smoking by telling them that most other young people do not ______.

    <p>smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can help to bring about social change?

    <p>Demonstrating the power of a disobedient role model.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main finding of Foxcroft et al.'s (2015) review regarding social norms interventions and student alcohol use?

    <p>A small reduction in drinking quantity and no effect on drinking frequency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text suggests that using normative influence always produces long-term social change.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Nemeth (2009), what type of thinking do minority arguments inspire?

    <p>divergent thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When we find that a ______ believes something different, we are forced to think long and hard about their arguments and reasoning.

    <p>majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following researchers with their main finding or argument:

    <p>Foxcroft et al. (2015) = Social norms interventions have limited effect on alcohol use. Nemeth (2009) = Minorities inspire divergent thinking, leading to social change. Mackle (1987) = Majority influence may lead to deeper processing. Bashir et al. (2013) = People resist social change despite practical advice.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are dissenting minorities valuable?

    <p>They stimulate new ideas and open minds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Mackle (1987), minority influence is always the cause of deeper processing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thinking is characterized by actively searching for information and weighing up more options?

    <p>divergent thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Bashir et al. (2013), despite practical advice, people still ______ social change.

    <p>resist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text suggest is a limitation of the idea that minorities bring about social change through deeper processing?

    <p>Deeper processing does always play a role in social change but only through majority influence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Influence and Social Change

    • Social influence is the process where individuals and groups modify each other's attitudes and behaviors, encompassing conformity, obedience, and minority influence.
    • Social change occurs when entire societies adopt new attitudes, beliefs, and practices, exemplified by accepting the Earth's orbit around the Sun, women's suffrage, gay rights, and environmental awareness.

    Minority Influence Research

    • Minority influence research examines how minorities initiate social shifts, referencing the 1950s-60s African-American civil rights movement as a real-world example.
    • Drawing attention: Highlighting a pre-existing issue (e.g., segregation in the US South) through actions (like marches)
    • Consistency: Maintaining a consistent, non-aggressive stance over time (repeated marches/messages)
    • Deeper Processing: Encouraging critical thought about the injustices by persistent actions.
    • Augmentation Principle: Showing individual risk-taking (e.g., freedom riders challenging racial segregation on buses) to further emphasize the issue and their commitment to change.
    • Snowball Effect: Gains in support for the minority position snowball into significant change, like the US Civil Rights Act of 1964.
    • Cryptoamnesia: People may recall the social change but forget the events leading to it.

    Conformity Research

    • Solomon Asch's research highlighted the importance of dissent in social change. One confederate providing correct answers during a perception test challenged the majority view and encouraged others to do the same, demonstrating the potential of dissent in fostering change.

    Obedience Research

    • Milgram's research underlines the significance of role models who resist obedience, influencing others to do the same. In Milgram's variations, a confederate refusing to administer shocks significantly lowered obedience rates among participants.
    • Gradual commitment: Individuals can become increasingly involved in a cause if presented with one small, acceptable step at a time, paving the way for broader compliance and social change.

    Normative Influences

    • Social norms studies have shown that behavior change is possible by displaying how others behave, as evidenced by Nolan et al.'s (2008) experiment wherein energy usage was reduced when messages displayed that others were already engaged in similar efforts.
    • Social change may not always be produced using normative influence due to studies that show short-term changes and no lasting alteration of behavior in interventions targeting social norms, for instance Foxcroft et al.'s (2015) review of social norms studies.

    Minority Influence

    • Minority influence is the means that minorities have in bringing about change.
    • Different thinking: Minorities encourage a broader way of thinking (divergent thinking) , forcing individuals to consider more options and solutions
    • Better decisions: This leads to better decisions and more creative approaches towards societal problems.

    Barriers to Social Change

    • People may resist social change due to existing beliefs and group identities (e.g., the belief that environmentalists are "tree huggers;" the resistance to environmentally-friendly behaviors due to potentially being seen in a negative light).
    • Deeper processing isn't always a key driver in change: Evidence suggests that a majority's view can cause deeper consideration even if they don't share the same beliefs as the individuals experiencing the changed beliefs.
    • The importance of practical advice to minorities wanting to influence majority opinion or behavior
    • People may be less likely to adopt changes to avoid association and stereotyping with minority groups

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Social Influence and Social Change PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on social influence and change with this quiz, exploring key concepts such as the augmentation principle, social cryptomnesia, and the civil rights movement. Dive into historical examples and psychological studies that demonstrate how individuals and groups can affect societal norms and behaviors.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser