Social and Economic Determinants of Health

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Questions and Answers

Which statement best reflects the impact of income on health outcomes?

Income distribution does not affect community health.

Lower income contributes to higher rates of chronic diseases. (correct)

Higher income is linked to a decrease in lifespan.

Income has no effect on mental health issues.

What is a consequence of income inequality in a society?

Improved literacy rates among lower-income individuals.

Enhanced child well-being across all income levels.

Higher life expectancy for the poorest segments of the population.

Weaker economy and poorer health for the entire population. (correct)

How does higher education correlate with health?

Higher education has no impact on health outcomes.

Higher education reduces access to employment opportunities.

Higher education decreases an individual's ability to manage health.

Higher education increases literacy and health-improving actions. (correct)

What primary effect does unemployment have on health?

It may cause psychological stress and health-threatening behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of employment negatively affects health outcomes?

Adverse working conditions contribute to poor health outcomes. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a negative effect of job insecurity?

Increased psychological stress and coping behavior risks. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant impact of more equal societies on public health?

Lower rates of infant mortality and obesity. Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is considered the most important determinant of health?

Income and income distribution. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of brain development occurs before age 5?

90% Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a cumulative effect impacting children's health?

Material and social deprivation over time Signup and view all the answers

What are the two enabling conditions necessary for children's development health?

Universally accessible community services and family time/resources Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of food insecurity on children's development?

Creates conditions harder to address than initial food security Signup and view all the answers

How can hunger and obesity coexist in families?

By maximizing caloric intake with inexpensive non-nutritious food Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with poor quality housing?

Increased risk of health problems Signup and view all the answers

What is one negative outcome of homelessness in Canada?

Decreased life expectancy Signup and view all the answers

What organization type can create both positive and negative impacts on poverty?

Food banks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is more likely to face challenges such as unemployment, lower wages, and limited access to education?

Indigenous Canadians Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'social safety net' refer to?

A set of services that help individuals during economic hardship Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing health through environmental conditions?

Access to technology Signup and view all the answers

What impact does colonialism have on Indigenous ancestry according to the content?

It contributes to health issues and cultural identity loss. Signup and view all the answers

Women are more likely to experience which of the following adverse social determinants of health (SDOH) compared to men?

Employment in lower-paying occupations Signup and view all the answers

Which is an example of a proximal social determinant of health (SDOH)?

Socioeconomic status (SES) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the health outcomes among men compared to women?

Men experience a higher rate of suicide. Signup and view all the answers

How does disability status affect employment and socioeconomic conditions?

People with disabilities earn less and are more likely to live in poverty. Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of social exclusion and racialization of poverty for immigrants in Canada?

Deterioration of health following initial advantages Signup and view all the answers

Which type of racism involves lack of respect and name-calling?

Personally-mediated racism Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept of upstream thinking focused on?

Promoting health by addressing root causes Signup and view all the answers

What is a proposed benefit of implementing a basic minimum income?

Reduction in high school dropout rates Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of globalization could negatively affect health?

Deregulation of global finance Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective way to enable financial stability?

Addressing imbalances promptly Signup and view all the answers

What is a proposed solution to the issue of plastic pollution in oceans?

Advocate for biodegradable alternatives Signup and view all the answers

How many Canadians die by suicide each year?

4500 Signup and view all the answers

What should healthcare providers focus on according to the proposed solutions?

Asking about social history sensitively Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between systemic racism and healthcare accessibility?

It creates barriers to care Signup and view all the answers

What does financial literacy primarily help individuals achieve?

Smart money management decisions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of sustainable development?

Compromising future generations' needs Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the negative health effects associated with microplastics?

Bioaccumulation of toxic substances in marine food chains Signup and view all the answers

Which type of racism involves individuals internalizing negative societal messages?

Internalized racism Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Social Determinants of Health are factors influencing individual and community health (positive or negative)
Increased income correlates with better health
Decreased income correlates with poorer health

Income and Income Distribution

Income and income distribution are the most important determinants of health
Increased income leads to longer lifespans and decreased rates of suicide
Decreased income leads to increased rates of CVD, diabetes, respiratory disease, and infant mortality
Income inequality is the uneven distribution of income in a country
Income inequality negatively affects the health of everyone, decreasing life expectancy, wellbeing, literacy, trust, and increasing infant mortality, obesity, and teenage pregnancies.

Education

Higher education is associated with improved health literacy and better health outcomes.

Unemployment and Job Security

Employment provides income, a sense of identity, and structure to daily life
Unemployment leads to material and social deprivation, stress, and the adoption of risk behaviours
Job insecurity (part-time, temporary employment) and non-standard work hours negatively impact health and well-being.

Employment and Working Conditions

Adverse working conditions can negatively impact health outcomes.

Early Childhood Development

Early childhood experiences significantly shape future health outcomes
90% of brain development occurs before age 5 & early experiences significantly impact future health
Early childhood experience influences health and development

Food Insecurity

Food insecurity is a significant determinant of health (12.4% in Canada)
Results from financial constraints
Creates challenges in accessing sufficient, nutritious food leading to hunger and obesity in families and individuals

Food Security

Community food security systems need to support safe nutritious food choices

Housing

Poor quality housing negatively impacts health
Housing is a factor in health

Social exclusion can lead to unemployment, lower wages, and limited access to healthcare and social services

Social safety nets are programs that help citizens during life events to protect their health.

Health Services

Access to healthcare services is a significant health determinant
Poor or less educated individuals experience more health issues and die earlier compared to educated individuals.

Geography

Geography influences health through environmental factors
Death rates are higher in rural/remote areas with environmental issues, toxic waste, etc.

Disability

People with disabilities face higher risks for employment and overall health and tend to live in poverty
Relying on social assitance does not overcome the poverty cycle

Indigenous Ancestry

Colonialism, racism, and the inadequacy of the support systems impacting indigenous health
Lack of access to education, healthcare, and cultural continuity can create issues that impact their health.

Gender

Women face higher adverse health impacts than men due to social roles, and responsibilities
Men, at a statistically higher rate, struggle with suicide

Immigration

Immigrants may often experience disparities in health compared to native-born populations
Health status may vary, with some reporting better health at first then declining.

Race

Institutionalized and personally mediated racism lead to health disparities
Systemic issues related to societal marginalization can negatively affect health outcomes.

Globalization

Globalization influences and is influenced by national, economic, and societal well being.
Concerns around environmental and social injustice associated with globalization affect health

Children's Wellbeing

Children's health significantly influenced by their environment and social situations.
History of significant adversity experienced leads to present health issues.

Focus on sources of problems

Addressing the root causes of problems is more effective than just dealing with symptoms

Increased investment in social programs can significantly impact life expectancy and avoid certain types of premature mortality.
It is proposed that increased funding in social programs offers more life expectancy outcomes for the population

Basic Minimum Income

Implementing a basic citizen minimum income could improve health outcomes in the population.

Financial Literacy

Developing financial literacy skills promotes better financial outcomes that contribute positively to health

Ecological determinants of health

Sustainable development, considering the needs of present and future generations.
Ecosystem well-being is important, particularly in maintaining functional integrity for health benefits.
Preventing Microplastics and Nanoplastics are key issue related to environment health.

Sustainable Production and Consumption

Every stage of a product's life cycle has an environmental impact.
Understanding life cycles, and proposing solutions can promote sustainability

Measures of Progress

GDP is an insufficient measure to assess well-being
The Canadian Index of Wellbeing offers a broader and more insightful perspective.

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Description

Explore the critical social and economic factors that influence health outcomes in individuals and communities. This quiz covers the impact of income, education, unemployment, and income distribution on overall health. Understand how these determinants shape well-being and health disparities.