SLP 1312 Exam Review on Elderly Communication
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Questions and Answers

Which concept best explains the use of a single word that conveys a complete thought in language development?

  • A gesture used to communicate
  • A poorly constructed sentence
  • A holophrase (correct)
  • A complete sentence structure

    • Which theory of language acquisition posits that biological factors play a significant role in language development?

  • Nativist Theory (correct)
  • Social Interactionist Theory
  • Cognitive Development Theory
  • Constructivist Theory

    • What does the ‘30-million-word gap’ highlight according to the Hart and Risley study?

  • The disparity in exposure to language in urban vs. rural settings
  • The impact of bilingualism on language learning
  • The relationship between gender and vocabulary development
  • The difference in words heard by children of varying socioeconomic backgrounds (correct)

    • Which benefit is commonly associated with bilingualism in cognitive development?

    <p>Enhanced executive function and problem-solving skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of language development do children typically start using plurals and complex sentence structures?

    <p>Later multi-word stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a strength commonly associated with individuals with dyslexia?

    <p>Big-picture thinking and creativity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key benefit of intrinsic motivation for reading?

    <p>It fosters deep engagement and long-term reading habits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which historical writing system is still undeciphered?

    <p>Indus script</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does health literacy involve?

    <p>Understanding and applying health-related information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'spectrum' in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) indicate?

    <p>It describes the wide variation in symptoms and support needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a core diagnostic criterion for ASD according to the DSM-5?

    <p>Hyperactivity and impulsivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of ASD severity requires the most substantial support?

    <p>Level 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of echolalia?

    <p>Repeating words or phrases heard from others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) according to Vygotsky’s theory?

    <p>The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance from others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some people hesitate to communicate with elderly individuals?

    <p>Lack of shared interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does presbycusis refer to?

    <p>Age-related hearing loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should one adapt communication for someone with hearing loss?

    <p>Speaking clearly and facing the individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common fear when communicating with elderly individuals?

    <p>Bringing up topics related to their health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to simplify language when communicating with the elderly?

    <p>To address cognitive or processing challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy is recommended when communicating with someone with dementia?

    <p>Employing nonverbal cues to aid understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may contribute to a young person's discomfort in communicating with elderly individuals?

    <p>A reliance on nonverbal communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior is often associated with dementia that affects communication?

    <p>Impulsivity or inappropriate responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a useful technique for caregivers to maintain effective communication with individuals with cognitive impairments?

    <p>Using reflective listening to validate understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is creating a comfortable communication environment important for elderly individuals?

    <p>To minimize distractions and help them focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of early writing systems like cuneiform and hieroglyphs?

    <p>Administrative record-keeping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes functional illiteracy?

    <p>Difficulty with basic reading and writing tasks needed for daily life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of adults in the U.S. read below a 6th-grade level?

    <p>54%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the "Matthew Effect" in literacy?

    <p>A widening gap between strong and struggling readers over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Simple View of Reading, what two skills are essential for reading comprehension?

    <p>Decoding and language comprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior might indicate that someone with a fearful-avoidant attachment style is communicating?

    <p>Withdrawing from conversations or showing discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typical communication trait might someone with an anxious attachment style exhibit?

    <p>Seeking frequent reassurance and validation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common impact of trauma on an individual's communication style?

    <p>Heightened sensitivity to triggers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior is indicative of a trauma survivor's 'freeze' response during communication?

    <p>Becoming non-verbal or dissociating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What nonverbal coping mechanism might involve creating a physical boundary during communication?

    <p>Placing objects on a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key goal of trauma-informed communication?

    <p>To create a safe and supportive environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can secure individuals best support communication with those who have insecure attachment styles?

    <p>By providing consistent reassurance and active listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what developmental stage do children typically start using single words to convey entire thoughts?

    <p>Holophrastic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the use of AAC?

    <p>AAC can benefit individuals with varying communication needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically characterizes a high-tech AAC device?

    <p>Dynamic touchscreens with changing menus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a key component of an AAC system?

    <p>Output methods like synthesized speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When introducing AAC, what should caregivers prioritize?

    <p>Training the individual to integrate AAC into daily life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major challenge is often faced in AAC implementation?

    <p>Limited accessibility to funding or insurance coverage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does predictive text enhance the experience for AAC users?

    <p>By reducing the typing or selection effort required.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach should one take when communicating with someone using AAC?

    <p>Provide ample time for the individual to respond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the internal working model in attachment theory?

    <p>To serve as a mental blueprint for relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in Vygotsky's Social Interactionist Theory?

    <p>The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance from others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common reason people may hesitate to communicate with elderly individuals?

    <p>Lack of shared interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is presbycusis?

    <p>Age-related hearing loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of adapting communication for someone with hearing loss?

    <p>Speaking clearly and facing the individual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common fear associated with communication with elderly individuals?

    <p>Addressing topics that remind the younger person of their own aging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might simplifying language be necessary when communicating with the elderly?

    <p>To address cognitive or processing challenges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended strategy when speaking with someone with dementia?

    <p>Using nonverbal cues to complement verbal communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a behavior often associated with dementia that affects communication?

    <p>Impulsivity or inappropriate responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of early writing systems like cuneiform and hieroglyphs?

    <p>Administrative record-keeping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is dyslexia primarily characterized by?

    <p>Challenges with decoding, word recognition, and spelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of individuals with ASD who have hyper-reactivity to sensory input?

    <p>Covering their ears to block out loud noises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of communication tool is often used for nonverbal or minimally verbal individuals with ASD?

    <p>Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main goals of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) for individuals with ASD?

    <p>To enhance their ability to request items or express needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common neurological finding in individuals with ASD?

    <p>Overgrowth in early brain development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maternal health condition during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of ASD?

    <p>Both A and C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a goal of parent and caregiver training in autism intervention?

    <p>To help parents implement strategies for communication and reinforce skills in daily life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary foundation for how individuals relate to others later in life, according to attachment theory?

    <p>Caregiver responsiveness and consistency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of AAC?

    <p>To enhance communication and improve quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of unaided AAC?

    <p>Gestures like pointing or waving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population is most likely to benefit from AAC?

    <p>Anyone with speech or language impairments, temporary or permanent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about AAC?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a high-tech AAC device typically include?

    <p>Dynamic touchscreens with changing menus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key component of an AAC system?

    <p>Output methods like synthesized speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should caregivers focus on when introducing AAC?

    <p>Training the individual to use AAC effectively in daily life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major challenge in AAC implementation?

    <p>Limited accessibility to funding or insurance coverage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does predictive text in AAC devices help users?

    <p>By reducing the need for typing or selection effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to communicate with someone using AAC?

    <p>Allow extra time for them to formulate their responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age do infants typically begin to exhibit stranger anxiety and separation distress?

    <p>6-12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an internal working model in attachment theory?

    <p>To serve as a mental blueprint for relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which attachment style is characterized by discomfort with emotional closeness and a preference for independence?

    <p>Avoidant attachment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a typical communication trait of someone with an anxious attachment style?

    <p>Seeking frequent reassurance and validation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common impact of trauma on communication?

    <p>Heightened sensitivity to triggers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior might a trauma survivor exhibit as part of the 'freeze' response during communication?

    <p>Becoming non-verbal or dissociating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nonverbal coping mechanism involves creating a physical boundary to feel safer in communication?

    <p>Placing objects on a table</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can secure individuals support communication with people who have insecure attachment styles?

    <p>By offering consistent reassurance and active listening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the stage when children use single words to represent entire thoughts or sentences?

    <p>Holophrastic stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which age range does the critical period for first language acquisition typically occur?

    <p>Birth to around 5 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the pre-linguistic stage of language development?

    <p>Combining words into sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a holophrase in child language development?

    <p>A single word that expresses a complete thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory of language acquisition emphasizes the role of innate biological mechanisms?

    <p>Nativist Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the “30-million-word gap” identified in the Hart and Risley study?

    <p>The difference in words heard by children from high- and low-income families by age 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cognitive benefit of bilingualism?

    <p>Enhanced executive function and problem-solving skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the case of Genie primarily illustrate about language acquisition?

    <p>Early exposure to language is essential for grammar and syntax development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of language development is characterized by the use of plurals, conjunctions, and complex sentence structures?

    <p>Later multi-word stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Practice Exam Key - SLP 1312

    • Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD): The range of tasks a child can perform with guidance from others, but not independently.
    • Common reason for hesitation to communicate with elderly: Lack of shared interests is a common reason people may hesitate to communicate with elderly individuals.
    • Presbycusis: Age-related hearing loss.
    • Adapting communication for hearing loss: Speaking clearly and facing the individual.
    • Fear associated with communicating with elderly: Fear of being perceived as too formal or reminding someone of their own aging can contribute to discomfort during communication.
    • Simplifying language for elderly: Simplifying language is necessary when communicating with the elderly to match their cognitive or processing challenges, and to ensure respect.
    • Recommended strategy for speaking to someone with dementia: Using nonverbal cues to complement communication can be useful for someone with dementia to improve communication.
    • Young person's discomfort communicating with elderly: Stereotypes and misconceptions about aging can contribute a young person's discomfort when communicating with elderly individuals.
    • Dementia's impact on communication: Impulsivity or inappropriate responses are behaviors often associated with dementia that negatively affect communication.
    • Effective communication with cognitive impairments: Use reflective listening to validate understanding.
    • Purpose of early writing systems: Administrative record-keeping.
    • Functional illiteracy: Difficulty with basic reading and writing needed for daily life.
    • Percentage of adults reading below 6th-grade level: 54% of US adults read below a 6th-grade level.
    • "Matthew Effect" in literacy: A widening gap between strong and struggling readers over time.
    • Essential reading skills for comprehension: Decoding and language comprehension are essential for reading comprehension, according to the Simple View of Reading.
    • Characteristic of dyslexia: Challenges with decoding, word recognition, and spelling.
    • Strengths of individuals with dyslexia: Big-picture thinking and creativity is often a strength for individuals with dyslexia.
    • Key benefit of intrinsic reading motivation: Fostering deep engagement and long-term reading habits is achieved through intrinsic motivation.
    • Undeciphered writing system: Indus script.
    • Components of health literacy: Understanding and applying health-related information is a component of health literacy.
    • "Spectrum" in Autism: Variety in symptoms and support needs for individuals with autism spectrum disorder.
    • Not a core diagnostic criteria for ASD: Hyperactivity and impulsivity are not a core diagnostic criterion for ASD.
    • ASD severity requiring substantial support: Level 3 of ASD severity typically requires the most substantial support.
    • Example of echolalia: Repeating words or phrases heard from others is an example of echolalia.
    • Sensory input hyper-reactivity in ASD: Individuals with ASD may react to loud, chaotic environments, or have sensitivity to loud noises.
    • Communication tool for nonverbal ASD: Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) devices.
    • Goal of Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS): Enhancing communication ability to request, express needs.
    • Neurological finding in ASD: Overgrowth in early brain development.
    • Maternal health condition associated with ASD risk: Gestational diabetes and high blood pressure are associated with greater risk of ASD.
    • Parent/caregiver goals in autism intervention: Supporting communication strategies and reinforcing skills in daily life.
    • Primary foundation for relationships (attachment theory): Caregiver responsiveness and consistency is a foundational element.
    • Purpose of AAC: Enhancing communication and improving quality of life.
    • Example of unaided AAC: Gestures like pointing
    • Benefitting population for AAC: Individuals with speech or language impairments
    • Misconception about AAC: AAC is not only for people who cannot speak at all.
    • High-tech AAC device components: Dynamic touchscreens with changing menus.
    • Key component of AAC systems: Output methods like synthesized speech.
    • Focus of caregivers introducing AAC: Training the individual to use AAC effectively in daily life.
    • Challenge in AAC implementation: Limited accessibility to funding or insurance coverage.
    • Predictive text function in AAC: Reducing the need for typing and selection effort in AAC.
    • Best way to communicate with AAC user: Allowing extra time for responding.
    • Infants' age of stranger anxiety: 6-12 months
    • Purpose of internal working model: To serve as a mental blueprint for relationships.
    • Attachment style with discomfort for emotional closeness: Avoidant attachment style.
    • Communication trait for anxious attachment: Seeking reassurance, seeking validation.
    • Trauma's impact on communication: Heightened sensitivity to triggers is a common impact of trauma.
    • Trauma-survivor behavior in "freeze" response: Becoming non-verbal or dissociating.
    • Mechanism for creating a physical boundary in communication: Using exaggerated gestures.
    • Key goal of trauma-informed communication: Creating a safe and supportive environment
    • How to support communication with people with insecure attachment: Offering consistent reassurance and active listening.
    • Stage when child uses single words to represent whole thoughts: Holophrastic stage.
    • Critical period for first language acquisition: Birth to 5 years.
    • Stage in language development that is not pre-linguistic: Combining words into sentences.
    • Holophrase in child language: A single word that expresses a complete thought.
    • Theory emphasizing innate biological mechanisms: Nativist Theory.
    • "30-million-word gap" concern: The difference in words heard by children from high- and low-income families by age 3, according to the Hart and Risley study.
    • Cognitive benefit of bilingualism: Enhanced executive function is one cognitive benefit of bilingualism.
    • Case of Genie and language acquisition: Early exposure to language is essential for grammar and syntax development.
    • Stage in language development characterized by plurals/complex sentences: Later multi-word stage.

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    Description

    This quiz focuses on key concepts related to communication with the elderly, emphasizing methods to enhance understanding and connection. It covers topics like the Zone of Proximal Development, presbycusis, and strategies for effective communication with individuals experiencing dementia. Test your knowledge and improve your skills in addressing the needs of elderly individuals in a respectful manner.

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