Untitled Quiz

Too many sources attempting to send data at too high a rate and packet retransmission.

Large queuing delays are experienced as the packet arrival rate approaches the link capacity.

Packets are dropped.

<p>The original data rate refers to the rate at which the application sends data. The offered load is the rate at which the transport layer sends segments into the network, including retransmitted data. The offered load will be higher than the original data rate because of retransmissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sender must perform retransmissions to compensate for dropped packets due to buffer overflow. Unneeded retransmissions can lead to the forwarding of unnecessary copies of a packet, increasing bandwidth usage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The throughput of the A-C connection at the second router goes to zero due to wasted work done by the network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When a packet is dropped along a path, the transmission capacity used to forward it to the point of dropping is wasted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>End-to-end congestion control and network-assisted congestion control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Routers provide feedback through direct feedback or by marking/updating a field in a packet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>End-to-end congestion control.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slow start, congestion avoidance, and fast recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A congestion window (cwnd) value that increases by 1 MSS every time a transmitted segment is first acknowledged.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It represents the threshold at which slow start ends and congestion avoidance begins. It is typically half the cwnd value when a loss event is detected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slow start involves exponential growth of the sending rate, while congestion avoidance aims for a more gradual increase by adding one MSS every RTT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss event indicated by timeout, reaching the ssthresh value, and detecting three duplicate ACKs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The implementation of fast recovery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It signifies the approach TCP employs to adjust the sending rate. When no congestion is detected, the sending rate is increased incrementally. If congestion is detected, the sending rate is decreased exponentially.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It focuses on maintaining a constant flow rate in the congestion avoidance phase rather than relying on AIMD, leading to smoother and more reliable throughput.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows routers to signal congestion onset to senders before full buffers cause packet drops, providing a proactive approach to congestion mitigation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>BBR takes into account the impact of data transfer over different types of networks and connections, ensuring fair competition with non-BBR TCP senders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A mechanism that ensures each connection receives roughly an equal share of the bottleneck capacity (approximately R/K, where R is the bottleneck capacity and K is the number of connections).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The smaller RTT allows them to quickly grab available bandwidth as it becomes available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>UDP applications typically maintain a constant sending rate and tolerate packet loss. TCP applications adjust sending rates and prioritize reliable delivery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It improves performance, particularly for secure HTTP.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HTTP/3 leverages QUIC, which operates at the application layer, and provides an integrated solution for encryption, reliable data transfer, and congestion control, while HTTP/1.1 relies on TCP stack for these operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a connection-oriented and secure protocol combining handshakes for different functionalities. It supports multiplexing of streams. It offers reliable, TCP-friendly congestion-controlled data transfer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the sending rate remains below the threshold where congestion would occur</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Based on a traditional TCP approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>TCP Reno</p> Signup and view all the answers