Skincare Treatments and Techniques Quiz

Desquamation

• Skin's natural shedding process
• Stratum corneum shedding
• New cells replace old ones (cell turnover)
• Average turnover time: 28 days (influenced by lifestyle, age, and health)

Exfoliation

• Process aiding skin shedding (desquamation)
• Increases cell turnover, blood flow, and circulation
• Promotes deep pore cleansing
• Improves product penetration

Rotary Brush (Facial Brush)

• Light exfoliation tool
• Replaces traditional rotary brushes in some cases
• Advanced technology, including ultrasonic technology, used for deep cleansing
• Provides light exfoliation
• Stimulates skin, softening excess oil, dirt, and cell buildup
• Overuse can lead to irritation and sensitivity

Safety & Maintenance of Rotary Brush

• Use brush heads that can fully disinfect
• Some brushes with natural bristles may deteriorate and not be disinfected effectively.

Brush Maintenance

• Avoid leaving brushes too long in ultraviolet sanitizers (they can break down)

Benefits of Professional Masks

• Removes impurities from pores
• Clears blemishes
• Tightens and tones the skin
• Hydrates
• Nourishes
• Rejuvenates

Mask Ingredients

• Vitamin A, C, E
• Hyaluronic Acid
• Seaweed
• Calcium
• Diatomaceous Earth
• Bentonite
• Kaolin
• Honey
• Glycerin
• Zinc Oxide

Mask Types

• Cream masks
• Gel masks
• Mud masks
• Wax masks
• Setting/modeling masks
• Peel-off masks
• Electric masks

Paraffin Wax

• Warmth increases skin circulation
• Penetrates products applied underneath
• Good for dry and mature skin

Serums & Ampoules

• High-concentration performance ingredients
• Target specific skin conditions
• Penetrate the skin effectively
• Offer various benefits, such as increased hydration, nourishment, healing, repair, anti-aging, brightening, even skin tone, and balance oil production/prevent acne.

Extractions

• Removal of dead cells, sebum, bacteria, and debris from skin follicles.

Extraction Analysis

• Dehydrated skin may need hydration before extractions
• Desincrustation (chemical softening to liquefy sebum): alkaline pH applied to oily areas, clogged pores, blackheads, and pimples.
• pH levels for solutions.

Desincrustation

• Liquid applied to affected areas only.
• Use 1 teaspoon of baking soda in 1 cup of distilled water
• Apply with a brush or cotton compresses.
• Allow to sit on face for 10-15 minutes.
• Steam can make the skin smoother to prep for extraction.
• Galvanic current is beneficial for oilier skin and not sensitive skin.
• Suction / Vacuuming generally used for not sensitive skin.

Extraction of Open Comedones

• After pre-softening, remove product from the skin
• Leave skin moist, not wet.
• Index finger wrapped in damp, cotton to extract
• Gentle downward pressure is applied, never on thin/fragile skin
• Disinfect extractor after every use

Extraction Tools - Closed Comedones & Pustules

• Pre-soften the area
• Dilate the follicle using a lancet/extractor.
• Extract using finger technique or extractor
• Gentle pressure on the side of the pustule to remove pus.
• Hold the area taut
• Gently press downward/inward to remove remaining impaction

Extraction Tools - Milia

• Verify it's milia
• Using a sterile lancet, gently lift the top layers of cells
• Spread the skin gently with fingers to support milia.
• Do not forcefully extract if not working.

Extraction General Rules

• No extracting for over 10 mins
• Avoid using AHA products after extractions

High Frequency

• Uses alternating Tesla pulse current
• No polarity, meaning it doesn't produce chemical changes
• Rapid oscillations create vibrations within water molecules
• Provides mild heat, but it does not match the strength of thermolysis.

Electrodes

• Various types, each with specific benefits
• Use gases to replace air and emit various colored lights for different skin types. (e.g., pink/orange for sensitive skin; blue/violet for normal to oily skin)

High Frequency Effects

• Stimulates skin circulation
• Creates ozone, providing antiseptic and healing effects
• Oxygenates the skin
• Increases cell metabolism
• Aids in coagulation and healing of lesions after extractions.

High Frequency Contraindications

• Couperose skin, inflamed areas
• Pacemakers, metal implants, heart problems
• High blood pressure, braces, epilepsy
• Clients who are pregnant/clients with body piercings from the waist up.

Indirect High Frequency Technique

• Secondary technique with high frequency
• Promotes relaxation
• Beneficial to stimulating the skin
• Increases blood flow
• Excellent for rejuvenating skin lacking firmness, improving tone, and hydrating.

High Frequency Safety & Maintenance

• Clean electrodes with soap after use.
• Avoid using alcohol on electrodes.
• Wipe the glass part of the electrode, not the metal.

Incorporation of High Frequency Into Facial Treatments

• Direct application (on the skin)
• Indirect application (e.g., using a medium like water)

Benefits of Massage

• Relaxation, stimulation, improved metabolism
• Enhances muscle tone, cleansing
• Reduces puffiness, product absorption
• Relieves tension, sense of well-being.

Facial Massage Contraindications

• Contagious diseases
• Inflamed acne
• Sunburn/windburn
• Sensitive skin
• Open lesions, cuts, sores
• Skin disorders
• Severe uncontrolled hypertension
• Uncontrolled diabetes

Effleurage Massage

• Gentle, continuous stroking movement
• Beginning and ending sessions
• Finger position, and palm placement

Petrissage Massage

• Compression technique
• Affects deeper muscle tissue
• Stimulates circulation

Friction Massage

• Stimulates circulation & glandular activity.

Alternative Massage Techniques

• Acupressure
• Shiatsu
• Pressure point massage
• Aromatherapy
• Manual lymph drainage

Ultrasound Technology

• Frequency above human hearing range
• Uses non-invasive sound waves
• Produces mechanical oscillations using metal tools
• Used for product penetration, cellulite reduction
• Vibrations cleanse and exfoliate skin
• Enhances blood flow and oxygenation & heat manipulation.

Ultrasound Effects

• Cellulite reduction treatment
• Penetrating products into the skin
• Cleansing and exfoliation of skin
• Promotes oxygenation and lymphatic movements
• Aids in improving product penetration.

Ultrasound Contraindications

• Open skin lesions or unidentified skin lesions
• Heart conditions
• Pacemakers and electrical implants
• Epilepsy
• Pregnancy
• Advanced diabetes/cancerous lesions

Definitions

• Epidermis: Outermost protective layer of the skin
• Dermis: Inner layer of the skin
• Subcutaneous Layer: Layer of tissue beneath the skin
• Adipose: A component of the subcutaneous tissue (connective tissue)
• Desmosomes: specialized adhesive proteins that hold cells together in tissues.
• Keratinocytes: most abundant cell type in the epidermis.

Skin Structures (Melanocytes, Merkel, Collagen, Elastin)

• Melanocytes:Produce melanin (pigment)
• Merkel Cells: Specialized cells beneath the epidermis
• Collagen and Elastin: Most abundant proteins, crucial for skin structure and elasticity
• Stratum Corneum: Outermost layer of the epidermis
• Stratum Lucidum: a smooth, seemingly translucent layer (not always present), located below the stratum corneum.
• Stratum Granulosum: Layer of cells
• Stratum Spinosum (prickle cell layer): also known as the stratum spinosum
• Stratum Germinativum: Also known as the basal layer/stratum basale. Separated from dermis, secured by hemidesmosomes
• Comedo: Skin clogging, caused by excessive sebum and/or dead skin cells
• Milia: Small, non-inflammatory bumps
• Dehydration: Lack of adequate water content affecting metabolism.
• Sun Damage: Premature aging and cancer risk related to sun exposure.
• Enlarged Pores: Excessive oil production.
• Erythema: Skin redness.
• Hyperkeratinization: Abnormal thickening of the skin.
• Keratosis: Skin growth due to abnormal keratinocyte proliferation.
• Seborrhea: Skin condition affecting oil glands.

Skin Conditions (Couperose, Sensitivities, Wrinkles, etc.)

• Couperose Skin: Weakened blood vessels, primarily on the cheeks and nose
• Sensitivities: Increased skin reactivity to environmental stimuli.
• Wrinkles/Aging Skin: Thinning, dryness, and loss of elasticity with age.
• Poor Elasticity: Sagging, crinkling, or leathery skin
• Hyperpigmentation: Darkening of the skin due to melanin production.
• Hypopigmentation (depigmentation): Lighter skin tone due to decreased melanin production.
• Irritation: Discomfort, itching, or redness at specific locations.
• Rosacea: Redness, flushing, and blood vessel visibility
• Cysts: Deep-seated, pus-filled lesions
• Papules: Small, inflamed bumps
• Pustules: Small bumps containing pus
• Asphyxiated Skin: Insufficient oxygen supply to cells
• Adult Acne: Acne after age 25