Lecture 13

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Questions and Answers

Which procedure is considered cosmetic according to the provided definitions?

Removing a freckle (correct)

Treating acne

Prescribing medication for skin rashes

Cutting facial hair

What is primarily responsible for facial skin aging?

Poor diet

Chronic UV light exposure (correct)

Lack of sleep

Genetic factors

What is a common misconception regarding wrinkle creams?

They generally contain antioxidants.

Moisturizers can improve skin appearance.

Ingredients like alpha-hydroxy acids help with skin texture.

They all have strong supporting data for effectiveness. (correct)

Which of the following benefits does alpha-hydroxy acid provide?

Improves texture of the skin surface Signup and view all the answers

What effect do antioxidants in wrinkle creams primarily have?

They prevent further damage and promote healing Signup and view all the answers

What type of skin change is NOT considered cosmetic according to the definitions given?

Abnormal pigmentation Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason that the skin on the upper inner arm appears less aged than facial skin?

It is naturally photoprotected Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using moisturizers in skincare?

To improve skin hydration and appearance Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary material used in the most common types of fillers?

Hyaluronic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical recovery time for a superficial chemical peel?

1-2 days Signup and view all the answers

Which type of chemical peel is best suited for deep, significant wrinkles?

Deep peel Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate cost range for a hyaluronic acid filler?

$500-$1000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of retinoids when used chronically on the skin?

They improve texture, pigmentation, and wrinkles. Signup and view all the answers

How does a medium depth peel differ in pain level compared to a superficial peel?

More painful often requiring conscious sedation Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure has a recovery time of approximately one month?

Deep peel Signup and view all the answers

How do retinoids stimulate improvements in the skin?

By promoting differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes and stimulating collagen production. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect do injectable fillers primarily target?

Static wrinkles. Signup and view all the answers

What type of changes can be expected in the skin after a deep chemical peel?

Total regeneration of the epidermis and new collagen production Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect experienced during the first few weeks of using topical retinoids?

Erythema, scaling, and itching. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common outcome for most superficial peels?

Reduction in very fine wrinkles and minimal roughness Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of effect for Botox following treatment?

3-6 months. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen when using retinoids?

To protect against new photoaging. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of wrinkles are Botox injections ineffective against?

Static wrinkles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the price range for a typical monthly supply of topical generic retinoid?

$30-75. Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym 'laser' stand for?

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the effect a laser will have on the body?

The wavelength of the light Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is NOT a primary target for laser light absorption?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of vascular lasers?

They specifically target blood vessels and can penetrate up to 1 cm of tissue. Signup and view all the answers

How long can bruising from vascular laser treatment take to resolve?

1-2 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the blood in superficial blood vessels when treated with vascular lasers?

The blood is heated, leading to vessel damage. Signup and view all the answers

What commonly used laser is developed for clinical use specifically targeting blood vessels?

Pulsed-dye laser Signup and view all the answers

What effect does the process of laser treatment generally have on surrounding tissue?

Bruising may occur, which can take time to heal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pigment lasers?

To heat and destroy pigment particles Signup and view all the answers

Which skin type is most suitable for treatment with pigment lasers?

Very pale complexions Signup and view all the answers

Which tattoo colors are among the easiest to remove with laser treatment?

Blue and black Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of using pigment lasers?

Blistering Signup and view all the answers

What kind of laser is primarily used for tissue destruction in dermatology?

CO2 laser Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical recovery time required after CO2 laser resurfacing?

4-6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about laser treatment for hair removal?

It works best on dark hair in lightly pigmented skin. Signup and view all the answers

What is sclerotherapy primarily used to treat?

Spider veins Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary purpose of liposuction?

To remove stubborn fat after diet and exercise Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential risks associated with removing more than 10 lbs of fat during liposuction?

Significant cardiovascular stress and complications Signup and view all the answers

What anesthesia method is commonly used in the safest liposuction technique?

Tumescent anesthesia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the main focus of a facelift?

To treat static wrinkles and lax skin Signup and view all the answers

What is a common post-operative complication associated with a facelift?

Visible scars and numbness Signup and view all the answers

What influences the extent of a facelift?

The amount of skin removed and suspension achieved Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical recovery period for liposuction?

Up to 6 weeks Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of compression garments after liposuction?

To support healing and reduce swelling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cosmetic Dermatology

Cosmetic procedures aim to make a person look younger, or change the appearance of a feature considered normal by most people.
Facial procedures target wrinkles, roughness, and abnormal pigmentation.
Recovery time is the period until post-procedure healing is no longer visible.
Aging is primarily due to chronic UV light exposure (photodamage).

Wrinkle Creams

Antioxidants (vitamin C, E) prevent further damage and promote healing
Coenzymes and precursors (copper, co-enzyme Q, amino acids, peptides) stimulate natural beneficial substances
Data strongly supporting their use is weak.
Regular use improves appearance through hydration.
Alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) improve skin texture and appearance.
Sunscreens reduce photoaging and improve pigment distribution

Retinoids

Highly effective topical agents for improving skin texture, pigmentation, and wrinkles.
Increase dermal collagen production by stimulating fibroblasts and normalizing epidermal keratinocytes.
Side effects: erythema, scaling, itching (most prominent in first 6 weeks). Side effects resolve with continued use.
Improves fine lines, wrinkles, abnormal pigmentation, and roughness.

Botulinum Toxin (Botox)

Effective for dynamic wrinkles (expression lines).
Ineffective against static wrinkles (rest lines).
Involves multiple injections of small amounts of toxin into the skin.
Recovery time is less than 30 minutes; takes 1-2 weeks to show significant effect; lasts 3-6 months.
Works by blocking acetylcholine release from motor nerves.
Costs $400-$800

Injectable Fillers

Improve the appearance of static wrinkles in glabellar, nasolabial, and perioral areas.
Involves multiple injections of filler into the dermis.
Recovery time is frequently brief, but bruising and swelling are possible.
Effects are nearly immediate and vary in duration depending on the filler.
Hyaluronic acid is a frequent filler material.
Costs $500-$1000

Chemical Peels

Classified by depth: superficial, medium, and deep.
Superficial peels treat fine wrinkles, mild dyspigmentation, and minimal roughness.
Medium peels improve fine wrinkles, significant roughness, and significant dyspigmentation.
Deep peels treat significant wrinkles, severe roughness, and severe dyspigmentation.
All types use topical acids; superficial peels are minimally painful.
Medium peels require conscious sedation or sometimes full anesthesia.
Deep peels usually require conscious or full anesthesia.
Deep peels may cost several thousands of dollars.

Lasers

Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (LASER).
Effectiveness depends upon absorbed wavelength, which targets specific substance (water, melanin, hemoglobin, or tattoo pigment)
Vascular lasers target blood vessels, pigment lasers target melanin / tattoos.
Most tissue is water, so CO2 lasers target water-rich tissue, removing some layers, effectively addressing wrinkles and pigment.
Various lasers are available with different wavelengths that can address specific skin concerns.
Vascular lasers target blood vessels, pigment lasers target melanin, and other wavelengths target other components.

Sclerotherapy

Used to treat spider veins (small, blue-to-red blood vessels).
Injects hypertonic saline or chemical irritants into affected vessels.
Potential for ulcers or hyperpigmentation.
Limited effectiveness for major varicose veins.
Recovery time is 1-several days.

Scar Revision

Treatment may vary based on scar type, size, and cause.
Surgical intervention is sometimes needed.
Alternative treatments include intralesional steroid injections, pulsed-dye lasers, dermabrasion / using an abrasive or rotating brush.

Liposuction

Not effective for weight loss, beneficial in treating persistent fat deposits despite diet and exercise.
Uses "Tumescent" anesthesia which injects large volumes of very diluted local anesthetic.
Removes approximately 10 lbs of fat safely.
Recovery time is up to 6 weeks, and patients need compression clothing for at least several weeks; post-operative bruising and swelling is common.
Possible complications include cardiac stress; cost is several thousand dollars.

Facelift

Treats static wrinkles and sagging skin.
Involves incisions near the hairline, removing excess skin and suspending underlying tissue (fascia).
Amount of skin and fascia removed / repositioned determines procedure result.
Recovery time is typically up to 6 weeks; patient needs to wear compression garment for several weeks.
Cost is typically several thousand dollars.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cosmetic procedures, skincare treatments, and the science behind skin aging. This quiz covers common misconceptions, the role of various ingredients, and the effects of different treatments on skin health. Perfect for anyone interested in the skincare industry or cosmetic procedures!