Ultrasonic Treatments and Microdermabrasion

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Questions and Answers

What are the contraindications for Ultrasonic?

Pacemakers (correct)

Heart conditions (correct)

Diabetes (correct)

Pregnancy (correct)

How is Ultrasonic used?

Used as a gentle, hydrating and exfoliating treatment, particularly for pre-surgical treatments.

How does Ultrasonic create changes in the skin?

Sound waves.

What is the three-step treatment for Ultrasonic?

Cavitation, Sonophoresis, and Microcurrent. Signup and view all the answers

What is Cavitation?

Cleaning steps which create an implosion of a water molecule. Signup and view all the answers

What is Sonophoresis used to do?

It is used to penetrate serums and moisturizers. Signup and view all the answers

What is Microcurrent used to do?

It is used to create homeostasis, firm and tone the skin, stimulate blood circulation and lymphatic flow. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Microdermabrasion?

Active acne Signup and view all the answers

How is Microdermabrasion used?

Machines can be used in crystal or diamond forms, using a spray and vacuum function. Signup and view all the answers

What can crystal machines use?

Aluminum Oxide, salt, and baking soda. Signup and view all the answers

How can the aggressiveness of a Microdermabrasion treatment vary?

It can vary based on strength of the crystals, speed of the hand-piece, and the number of passes. Signup and view all the answers

What can a Microdermabrasion treatment that was too aggressive result in?

It can result in pinpoint bleeding. Signup and view all the answers

What should happen at the end of every Microdermabrasion service?

The settings should be charted. Signup and view all the answers

Some microdermabrasion machines claim to remove up to ________ of the stratum corneum.

25% Signup and view all the answers

Microdermabrasion treatments should stop before the appearance of what?

Erythema. Signup and view all the answers

When can you provide Microdermabrasion services to a post-laser resurfacing client?

When the physician gives approval. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications of Chemical Peels?

Use of Retinoids Signup and view all the answers

What are the typical concentrations of acids used in a salon?

15-30% Signup and view all the answers

What do Medical Peels normally have?

A higher % and a lower pH. Signup and view all the answers

What peels should Estheticians NOT use?

Peels containing Phenol. Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common ingredients found in exfoliants?

AHA's and BHA's. Signup and view all the answers

Who should Salicylic Acid NOT be used on?

Clientele who is pregnant. Signup and view all the answers

What may be used before a Jessner Peel as a Degreaser?

Acetone. Signup and view all the answers

What are the Jessner Solutions?

Salicylic Acid, Lactic Acid, Resorcinol, Ethanol Base. Signup and view all the answers

What do TCA Solutions provide?

A medium depth peel, penetrating to the papillary dermis. Signup and view all the answers

What is Frosting?

It is when protein coagulation causes the skin to turn white. Signup and view all the answers

What do darker skin types tend to do after chemical exfoliation?

Hyperpigment. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Lasers?

Photosensitivity Signup and view all the answers

The lens of the eye can magnify laser energy by ______________ times.

100,000 Signup and view all the answers

What does Ablative mean?

The removal of part or all of the epidermis. Signup and view all the answers

When it comes to Lasers, what are the forms Skin Cooling can come in?

Cryogen spray, forced air cooling, chilled tips. Signup and view all the answers

Where should Laser NEVER be performed?

Under the eyebrow. Signup and view all the answers

What should Laser patients ALWAYS receive?

A medical evaluation, and a Fitz type. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Photothermal (light/heat) process do?

Creates a photothermolysis reaction where the chromophore is transformed into heat. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Photomechanical/Photoacoustic process do?

Explodes a target (like tattoo ink) using extremely short pulse durations. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Photomodulation process do?

Uses light devices to trigger a photobiochemical response. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Photorejuvenation process do?

It is a nonablative process to improve vascular and pigmented lesions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Photodynamic Therapy process do?

Uses a combination of light with aminolevulinic acid. Signup and view all the answers

What does Photodynamic Therapy treat?

Actinic Keratosis, acne, and enhanced facial rejuvenation. Signup and view all the answers

What does Phototoxic mean?

A tissue reaction that occurs in the skin when combining ALA with light therapy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromophore for the Alexandrite 755nm?

Melanin/pigment (freckle, sun damage, dermal papillae). Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromophore for the Nd:YAG 1064nm?

Blood (hemoglobin/oxyhemoglobin). Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromophore for the Diode 810nm?

Blood (hemoglobin/oxyhemoglobin). Signup and view all the answers

What is the chromophore 10,600nm?

Water (intercellular fluid). Signup and view all the answers

What are the qualities of Laser light?

Monochromatic, Collimated, and Coherent. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four Laser Parameters?

Wavelength, Fluence, Spot Size, and Pulse Duration. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Wavelength determine?

It determines the target chromophore. Signup and view all the answers

What does Fluence mean?

The total energy delivered to the target. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Spot Size cover?

The total area covered by one pulse. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pulse Duration?

The total length of time the target is exposed to energy. Signup and view all the answers

What do IPL devices do?

They produce significant facial rejuvenation effects. Signup and view all the answers

What is Radiofrequency (RF) based on?

Alternating electrical currents. Signup and view all the answers

How would you use Monopolar RF?

Apply a single electrode to a target area while using a dispersing electrode. Signup and view all the answers

What does Monopolar RF do?

Deep penetration of RF causes intense dermal heating. Signup and view all the answers

How is Bipolar RF used?

It has positive and negative poles on opposite ends of a hand-piece. Signup and view all the answers

Why are Bipolar RF devices used?

They are used for skin tightening and rejuvenation. Signup and view all the answers

What are Light Emitting Diodes (LED)?

They are photomodulation or light activated facial rejuvenation. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Green LED light do?

Reduces hyperpigmentation. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Yellow LED light do?

It is used for edema. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Red LED light do?

Stimulates wound healing, collagen, and elastin. Signup and view all the answers

What does a Blue LED light do?

Reduces bacteria and decreases Rosacea. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light waves interact with a cell?

Triggers the production of ATP. Signup and view all the answers

How is Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) produced?

It is produced by the mitochondria inside the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Microcurrent?

Cancerous lesions Signup and view all the answers

How long after injectables should you wait to perform Microcurrent?

Two weeks. Signup and view all the answers

What does Microcurrent technology use?

It uses low-level current that mimics the body's own natural rhythms. Signup and view all the answers

What is Microcurrent measured with?

It is measured in microamperes. Signup and view all the answers

What will Microcurrent do for the Corrugator/Procerus muscle?

Reduce lines between the brows. Signup and view all the answers

What will Microcurrent do for the Frontalis muscle?

Reduce forehead lines and laxity. Signup and view all the answers

What will Microcurrent do for the Zygomaticus major and minor muscles?

Reduce marionette lines. Signup and view all the answers

What will Microcurrent do for the Orbicularis Oculi muscle?

Reduce brow drooping. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Body Treatment?

Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What are linens and plastic wrap used for in Body Treatments?

To infuse the ingredients. Signup and view all the answers

A popular ingredient used in Body Treatments is Seaweed/Algae, what does it do for the body?

Helps stimulate circulation and rid the body of toxins. Signup and view all the answers

A moist heat unit can be used to heat the wrap material up to...?

165 degrees Fahrenheit. Signup and view all the answers

What is Thalassotherapy?

The therapeutic use of seawater; herbal baths. Signup and view all the answers

What is Balenotherapy?

Use of mud or fango, or peat baths. Signup and view all the answers

What is Endermology?

Treatment for cellulite, can be used before/after surgery. Signup and view all the answers

What does Lymphatic drainage do?

Flashes excess fluid out of the tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What are Hydrotherapy treatments?

Spa treatments that use water. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Vichy shower?

An overhead shower with adjustable water pressure. Signup and view all the answers

What is a Scotch Hose?

A hose that projects water from 10-12 feet away. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Electrodessication?

Suspicious lesions Signup and view all the answers

What does Electrodessication do?

Uses a low-level radio frequency current to evaporate or dry out a lesion. Signup and view all the answers

What is Electrodessication used to treat?

Milia, sebaceous hyperplasia cysts, skin tags. Signup and view all the answers

What are the contraindications for Eyelash Extensions?

Pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

During what cycle should you avoid putting lash extensions on?

The Anagen cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ideal hair growth stage to put on eyelash extensions?

The Catagen cycle. Signup and view all the answers

What is Tinea Versicolor?

A pigmentation disorder that appears in sun spots or sun fungus. Signup and view all the answers

What is Post Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation?

A pigmentation disorder that is caused after a wound. Signup and view all the answers

What is Melasma?

A pigmentation disorder that appears as a 'mask' caused by imbalanced hormones. Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancers are Basal Cell Carcinomas?

The most common Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancers are Squamous Cell Carcinomas?

Red or pink solid bumps Signup and view all the answers

What type of cancer is Melanoma?

Most severe Signup and view all the answers

What is Actinic Keratosis?

A precancerous, sun-related growth, that is pink or flesh-colored. Signup and view all the answers

What is Rosacea?

A disorder characterized by flushing with a feeling of heat. Signup and view all the answers

What could Rosacea be caused by?

Demodex folliculorum or excessive yeast. Signup and view all the answers

What is Aromatherapy?

The therapeutic use of smell in treatments. Signup and view all the answers

What is Phytotherapy?

The therapeutic use of plants. Signup and view all the answers

What can make the skin Photosensitive?

Citrus Oils. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ultrasonic Treatments

Contraindications include heart conditions, pacemakers, pregnancy, and diabetes.
Used for gentle hydration and exfoliation, especially in pre-surgical treatments.
Creates skin changes through sound waves.
Three-step treatment process: Cavitation, Sonophoresis, and Microcurrent.
Cavitation involves cleaning steps leading to water molecule implosion.
Sonophoresis helps penetrate serums and moisturizers into the skin.
Microcurrent promotes skin firming, ionization, and stimulates ATP, blood circulation, and lymph flow.

Microdermabrasion

Contraindications include rosacea, infections, open lesions, active acne, and prior Accutane use within a year.
Machines may use crystal or diamond methods, typically combining spray and vacuum functions.
Crystal machines utilize Aluminum Oxide (corundum), salt, or baking soda.
Treatment aggressiveness varies by crystal strength, hand-piece speed, and number of passes.
Overly aggressive treatment can lead to pinpoint bleeding.
Documenting settings at the end of each service is essential.
Microdermabrasion can remove up to 25% of the stratum corneum and should stop before erythema appears.

Chemical Peels

Contraindications include use of retinoids, herpes simplex, open lesions, and several skin conditions like eczema and lupus.
Typical acid concentrations vary from 15-30% in salons; medical peels have higher concentrations and lower pH.
Estheticians should avoid using phenol-containing peels.
Common exfoliant ingredients include AHA's and BHA's.
Salicylic acid should not be used on pregnant clients.
Acetone may be used as a degreaser before a Jessner Peel.

Laser Treatments

Contraindications include photosensitivity, Accutane use, suspicious lesions, and various health conditions.
Laser light intensity can magnify by up to 100,000 times through the eye lens.
Ablative lasers remove part or all of the epidermis, while cooling methods can include cryogen spray or forced air.
Lasers should never be performed under the eyebrow area.
Patients should always receive a medical evaluation and Fitz type assessment.

Phototherapy Techniques

Photothermal process transforms chromophores into heat to target and destroy them.
Photomechanical devices utilize short pulse durations for rapid target destruction.
Photomodulation therapy triggers cellular metabolism using low-level light energy (LED therapy).
Photorejuvenation enhances collagen and elastin while improving vascular and pigmented skin lesions.
Photodynamic therapy combines light with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) to treat actinic keratosis and acne.

Chromophores and Laser Parameters

Alexandrite (755nm) targets melanin, Nd:YAG (1064nm) and Diode (810nm) target blood, while 10,600nm targets water.
Laser qualities include monochromatic, collimated, and coherent.
Key laser parameters encompass wavelength, fluence (energy delivered), spot size, and pulse duration.

Radiofrequency and LED Treatments

Radiofrequency (RF) is based on alternating electrical currents for skin tightening.
Monopolar RF uses a single electrode for deep dermal heating.
Bipolar RF has electrodes placed on opposite ends of the hand-piece to tighten skin.
LED treatments have different colors for various effects: Green LED reduces hyperpigmentation, Yellow LED aids edema, and Red LED stimulates wound healing.

Body Treatments

Contraindications for body treatments include pregnancy, open wounds, and various health issues.
Linens and plastic wraps are used to enhance ingredient infusion.
Seaweed/algae is a popular body treatment ingredient, aiding circulation and detoxification.
Thalassotherapy and Balenotherapy utilize seawater and mud for therapeutic purposes.

Electrodessication and Photo-Aging

Electrodessication uses low-frequency radio waves to treat skin lesions.
Contraindications for electrodessication include open wounds and suspicious lesions.
Common skin pigmentation disorders include tinea versicolor, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, and melasma.

Skin Cancers and Disorders

Basal cell carcinomas are the most common yet least severe skin cancers.
Squamous cell carcinomas present as red or pink bumps that may bleed.
Melanoma is the least common but most severe type of skin cancer.
Actinic keratosis is a precancerous growth from sun exposure.

Miscellaneous

Rosacea results in flushing and can be caused by demodex or excessive yeast.
Aromatherapy and phytotherapy utilize therapeutic smells and plants respectively.
Citrus oils can increase skin photosensitivity, warranting caution in treatments.

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Description

This quiz explores the principles and contraindications of ultrasonic treatments and microdermabrasion. It covers the effects of sound waves on skin, the treatment process, and the different methods of microdermabrasion. Assess your understanding of skincare procedures and safety measures related to these treatments.