Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where in the human skeleton are long bones found?
Where in the human skeleton are long bones found?
In the appendicular axis
Distinguish between the epiphysis and the diaphysis of a long bone.
Distinguish between the epiphysis and the diaphysis of a long bone.
Epiphysis is at each end of such a bone expanded portion. Diaphysis is the shaft of the bone.
Where is cartilage found on the surface of a long bone?
Where is cartilage found on the surface of a long bone?
On the outer surface, the articulating portion of the epiphysis is coated with a layer of hyaline cartilage.
Where is dense connective tissue found on the surface of a long bone?
Where is dense connective tissue found on the surface of a long bone?
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In general, what is the function of bony processes?
In general, what is the function of bony processes?
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Distinguish between the periosteum and the endosteum.
Distinguish between the periosteum and the endosteum.
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What differences did you note between the structure of the compact bone and the spongy bone?
What differences did you note between the structure of the compact bone and the spongy bone?
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How are these structural differences related to the locations and functions of these two types of bones?
How are these structural differences related to the locations and functions of these two types of bones?
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From your observations, how does the marrow in the medullary cavity compare with the marrow in the spaces of the spongy bone?
From your observations, how does the marrow in the medullary cavity compare with the marrow in the spaces of the spongy bone?
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What is the function of bone?
What is the function of bone?
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What is the function of epiphyseal plates?
What is the function of epiphyseal plates?
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Study Notes
Long Bones in the Skeleton
- Long bones are primarily located in the appendicular skeleton, which includes limbs and limb girdles.
Structure of Long Bones
- Epiphysis: Expanded ends of long bones, found at both terminal ends.
- Diaphysis: The shaft or central part of a long bone, providing structural support.
Cartilage and Bone Surface
- Hyaline cartilage coats the articulating surface of the epiphysis, facilitating joint movement and reducing friction.
Connective Tissue in Long Bones
- The periosteum, a dense connective tissue layer, entirely encloses the diaphysis, except for areas covered by articular cartilage.
Functions of Bony Processes
- Bony processes serve as attachment sites for ligaments and tendons; they also contain grooves and openings that allow for vascular and nerve passage.
Bone Membranes: Periosteum vs. Endosteum
- The periosteum is a thick, vascular fibrous covering around bones, while the endosteum is a thinner layer of cells lining the inner surfaces of bones.
Bone Types: Compact vs. Spongy
- Compact Bone: Characterized by its dense, tightly packed structure with a continuous extracellular matrix, providing strength and support.
- Spongy Bone: Composed of thin, branching bony plates, creating a lightweight structure with spaces for marrow accommodation.
Functional Relation of Bone Structures
- Compact bone, located in the diaphysis, forms a semi-rigid tube that contains a medullary cavity connected to the porous spongy bone.
Bone Marrow Comparison
- Medullary Cavity: Contains yellow bone marrow, primarily used for fat storage.
- Spongy Bone Spaces: Filled with red bone marrow, essential for the production of red and white blood cells.
Overall Functions of Bones
- Bones provide shape to various body parts including the head, face, thorax, and limbs, while also offering support, protection, and facilitating movement.
Role of Epiphyseal Plates
- Epiphyseal plates are growth regions in long bones, allowing for the creation of new cells between the diaphysis and epiphysis, essential for bone lengthening during development.
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Description
Test your knowledge on long bones and their features with these flashcards! Explore key concepts such as the location of long bones in the skeleton, differentiation between the epiphysis and diaphysis, and the role of cartilage on bone surfaces. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of the human skeletal system.
