90 Questions
Which type of bone tissue is responsible for resisting compression and bending forces?
Compact bone
Which bone marrow type is responsible for fat storage in adults?
Yellow bone marrow
What is the function of osteoblasts?
Bone development
What is the composition of the organic portion of bone matrix?
Osteoid
What is the process of forming bone tissue called?
Ossification
What type of ossification occurs when bone develops between membranes?
Intramembranous ossification
What is the primary function of osteoclasts?
Bone reabsorption
What is the role of the periosteum?
Anchoring blood vessels to bone surface
What hormone stimulates epiphyseal disk growth?
Growth hormone
What is the function of the endosteum?
Lining of the medullary cavity
Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
Production of hormones
Which type of bone is characterized by a thin, flattened shape and usually curves?
Flat bone
Where is the articular cartilage located?
On the outside of the ends of the epiphyses
Which type of bone has a cubed shape and is nearly equal in length and width?
Short bone
Which part of a long bone is the shaft region?
Diaphysis
Which classification of bones includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and bony thorax?
Axial skeleton
Which type of bone develops within the tendons?
Sesamoid bone
Which classification of bones includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs, as well as the bones that connect them to the axial skeleton?
Appendicular skeleton
Which type of bone has a complex shape that does not fit any of the other types?
Irregular bone
Which bone classification is characterized by bones that develop within the joints of the cranium?
Sutural bones
Which type of fracture is characterized by a complete break that does not penetrate through the surface of the skin?
Simple (closed) fracture
What is the term for an incomplete fracture that starts out transverse?
Greenstick fracture
Which hormone is released by the thyroid gland to decrease blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
Which hormone is released by the parathyroid glands to increase blood calcium levels?
Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
What is the term for the first step in fracture repair, characterized by the formation of a blood clot at the fracture site?
Fracture hematoma
What is the term for the second step in fracture repair, characterized by the formation of a soft callus made of fibrocartilage?
Fibrocartilaginous callus
What is the term for the third step in fracture repair, characterized by the formation of a hard callus made of bone?
Bony callus
What is the term for the fourth and final step in fracture repair, characterized by the remodeling of bone tissue to restore its original shape and strength?
Bone remodeling
What is the term for blood calcium levels above 11mg/100ml blood?
Hypercalcemia
What is the term for blood calcium levels below 9mg/100ml blood?
Hypocalcemia
True or false: The skeletal system functions include the production of blood cells and hormone production.
True
True or false: The axial skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs.
False
True or false: Long bones typically have a middle shaft region with two expanded ends.
True
True or false: Sesamoid bones develop in tendons and include the patella.
True
True or false: Flat bones are thin, flattened bones that are usually curved.
True
True or false: Irregular bones have complex shapes that do not fit any of the other types.
True
True or false: The diaphysis is the expanded end region of a long bone.
False
True or false: Articular cartilage acts to decrease friction and shock absorption.
True
True or false: The periosteum is a layer of hyaline cartilage on the outside of the ends of the epiphyses.
False
True or false: The endosteum is responsible for fat storage in adults.
False
Fractures that break through the surface of the skin are known as simple fractures.
False
Comminuted fractures are characterized by many fracture pieces.
True
A greenstick fracture is a complete fracture that starts out transverse.
False
Fracture repair involves four steps: fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus, bony callus, and bone remodeling.
True
Calcitonin is released by the thyroid gland to decrease blood calcium levels.
True
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates osteoblast cell activity.
False
PTH stimulates calcium absorption from the gut.
True
Blood calcium levels are maintained by the opposing effects of calcitonin and PTH.
True
Osteoclasts are responsible for increasing blood calcium levels.
False
Hypercalcemia is characterized by blood calcium levels below 9mg/100ml blood.
False
True or false: Periosteum is a fibrous, vascular bone covering that functions as attachment sites for tendons and ligaments, anchors blood vessels to bone surface, and is involved in bone development and repair?
True
True or false: The medullary cavity contains red bone marrow in adults?
False
True or false: Compact bone is the outer external bone tissue that resists compression and bending forces?
True
True or false: Spongy bone is found underneath the compact bone of the epiphyses and inner bone tissue of the diaphysis, and reduces the weight of the skeleton?
True
True or false: Osteoprogenitor cells are stem cells found in the periosteum and endosteum that actively divide and can differentiate into osteoblasts?
True
True or false: Osteocytes are mature bone maintenance cells that maintain calcium homeostasis?
True
True or false: Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells that reabsorb bone matrix and contain a ruffled border surface that releases digesting enzymes into the matrix?
True
True or false: The organic portion of bone matrix is composed of osteoid, which consists of type I collagen fibers and a gel-like ground substance?
True
True or false: Intramembranous ossification is the type of ossification that occurs when bone develops between membranes, such as in the formation of flat bones?
True
True or false: Physical and mechanical stress stimulates osteoblast activity and bone growth?
True
True or false: Osteoprogenitor cells are stem cells found in periosteum and endosteum, and some daughter cells become osteoblasts while others remain as osteogenic cells?
True
True or false: Osteocytes are mature bone maintenance cells that maintain calcium homeostasis?
True
True or false: Osteoclasts are bone-forming cells that release matrix?
False
True or false: Yellow bone marrow is responsible for energy storage in adults?
True
True or false: Compact bone is the inner external bone tissue that resists compression and bending forces?
False
True or false: Spongy bone reduces the weight of the skeleton?
True
True or false: Red bone marrow is responsible for hemopoiesis and is found in the spaces between trabeculae of spongy bone?
True
True or false: Intramembranous ossification occurs when bone develops within hyaline cartilage?
False
True or false: Vitamin D is needed for proper gut calcium absorption?
True
True or false: Growth hormone stimulates epiphyseal disk growth?
True
True or false: The periosteum is a layer of hyaline cartilage on the outside of the ends of the epiphyses.
False
True or false: Osteoclasts are giant multinucleated cells that reabsorb bone matrix and contain a ruffled border surface that releases digesting enzymes into the matrix?
True
True or false: Compact bone is the outer external bone tissue that resists compression and bending forces?
True
True or false: The endosteum is responsible for fat storage in adults.
False
True or false: Articular cartilage acts to decrease friction and shock absorption.
True
True or false: Sesamoid bones develop in tendons and include the patella.
True
True or false: Irregular bones have complex shapes that do not fit any of the other types.
True
True or false: Long bones typically have a middle shaft region with two expanded ends.
True
True or false: Osteocytes are mature bone maintenance cells that maintain calcium homeostasis?
True
True or false: Periosteum is a fibrous, vascular bone covering that functions as attachment sites for tendons and ligaments, anchors blood vessels to bone surface, and is involved in bone development and repair?
True
True or false: Hypercalcemia is characterized by blood calcium levels above 11mg/100ml blood?
False
True or false: Calcitonin decreases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoblast activity?
True
True or false: Parathyroid hormone (PTH) stimulates osteoclast cell activity?
True
True or false: Blood calcium levels are maintained by the opposing effects of calcitonin and PTH?
True
True or false: Osteoclasts are responsible for decreasing blood calcium levels by stimulating bone demineralization?
False
True or false: Fracture repair involves the steps of fracture hematoma, bony callus, fibrocartilaginous callus, and bone remodeling?
False
True or false: Greenstick fractures are characterized by incomplete fractures that start out transverse?
True
True or false: Sesamoid bones develop in tendons and include the patella?
True
True or false: Intramembranous ossification is the type of ossification that occurs when bone develops between membranes?
True
True or false: The periosteum is a fibrous, vascular bone covering that functions as attachment sites for tendons and ligaments?
True
Test your knowledge of the functions and classification of the skeletal system with this quiz. Learn about how the skeletal system supports the body, protects tissues, and acts as levers for movement. Explore bone classification based on different criteria.
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