Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?
- Regulating hormone production (correct)
- Facilitating body movement via tendons
- Protecting vital organs
- Supporting and anchoring soft organs
How do tendons contribute to the skeletal system's function in movement?
How do tendons contribute to the skeletal system's function in movement?
- They act as levers to amplify muscle force.
- They cushion the joints to reduce impact during movement.
- They connect skeletal muscles to bones, allowing muscles to move bones. (correct)
- They directly stimulate bone growth and remodeling.
Which of the following best describes the role of yellow marrow in the skeletal system?
Which of the following best describes the role of yellow marrow in the skeletal system?
- It is the primary site of blood cell formation.
- It produces hormones that regulate bone growth.
- It facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in bone tissue.
- It stores fat. (correct)
Where does hematopoiesis primarily occur?
Where does hematopoiesis primarily occur?
What is the primary function of fontanels in infants?
What is the primary function of fontanels in infants?
At what age is the skeleton typically fully ossified, except for the epiphyseal plates?
At what age is the skeleton typically fully ossified, except for the epiphyseal plates?
What is the role of epiphyseal plates in longitudinal bone growth?
What is the role of epiphyseal plates in longitudinal bone growth?
What process describes bone formation?
What process describes bone formation?
How do osteoclasts contribute to bone remodeling?
How do osteoclasts contribute to bone remodeling?
What is the primary function of osteoblasts?
What is the primary function of osteoblasts?
Which factor is most directly linked to the development of osteoporosis?
Which factor is most directly linked to the development of osteoporosis?
A fracture in what bone is typically classified as a hip fracture?
A fracture in what bone is typically classified as a hip fracture?
What is a key characteristic of osteoarthritis?
What is a key characteristic of osteoarthritis?
Rickets is primarily caused by a deficiency in which of the following?
Rickets is primarily caused by a deficiency in which of the following?
What is the defining feature of a herniated disc?
What is the defining feature of a herniated disc?
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine?
Which condition is characterized by an abnormal curvature of the spine?
What is appositional growth in bones?
What is appositional growth in bones?
How does bone remodeling help maintain healthy calcium levels in the body?
How does bone remodeling help maintain healthy calcium levels in the body?
What primarily allows for brain and skull growth in infants?
What primarily allows for brain and skull growth in infants?
What is the primary difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the primary difference between osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis?
What is the significance of epiphyseal plates fully ossifying by the end of adolescence?
What is the significance of epiphyseal plates fully ossifying by the end of adolescence?
Which of the following best describes the comprehensive process of bone remodeling?
Which of the following best describes the comprehensive process of bone remodeling?
If a child is diagnosed with Rickets, which of the following would be the most LIKELY recommendation from their doctor?
If a child is diagnosed with Rickets, which of the following would be the most LIKELY recommendation from their doctor?
If an elderly patient suffers a hip fracture, why is there a high 1-year mortality rate associated with it?
If an elderly patient suffers a hip fracture, why is there a high 1-year mortality rate associated with it?
Why is it important for individuals to maintain bone health throughout their lifetime?
Why is it important for individuals to maintain bone health throughout their lifetime?
Flashcards
Support (Skeletal System)
Support (Skeletal System)
The skeleton's role in providing an internal framework that supports and anchors soft organs.
Protection (Skeletal System)
Protection (Skeletal System)
Bones protect soft body organs from injury.
Movement (Skeletal System)
Movement (Skeletal System)
Skeletal muscles attach to bones, and tendons use bones as levers for body movement.
Storage (Skeletal System)
Storage (Skeletal System)
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Hematopoiesis
Hematopoiesis
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Fontanels
Fontanels
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Ossification
Ossification
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Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts
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Osteoclasts
Osteoclasts
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Bone Remodeling
Bone Remodeling
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Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis
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Hip Fracture
Hip Fracture
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Arthritis
Arthritis
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Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis
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Rheumatoid Arthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
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Rickets
Rickets
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Herniated Disc
Herniated Disc
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Scoliosis
Scoliosis
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Study Notes
- The skeletal system includes physiology and developmental aspects.
- There are also diseases and conditions associated with the skeletal system
Function Overview
- Provides support
- Offers protection
- Enables movement
- Functions in storage
- Performs hematopoiesis
Support
- The skeleton has an internal structure to support and anchor soft organs.
Protection
- Bones protect soft body organs.
Movement
- Skeletal muscles attach to bones by tendons
- Tendons enable bones to act as levers for body part movement.
Storage
- Fat is stored in yellow marrow
- Calcium and phosphorus minerals are stored in bone tissue.
Hematopoiesis
- Blood cell formation happens in red marrow.
Developmental Aspects of the Skeletal System
- Focuses on Fontanels and Ossification
Fontanels
- Fontanels are spaces between bones of the skull in an infant
- Fontanels are also called soft spots
- Fontanels are fully ossified by 2 years old
- Fontanels allow for growth of the brain and skull
Ossification
- Ossification is the process of bone formation from cartilage.
- At birth, bones are part cartilage, part bone
- The skeleton is fully ossified by age 2 except for epiphyseal (growth) plates.
Longitudinal Growth
- X-rays of 12-year-olds show epiphyseal (growth) plates at the distal ends of the tibia & fibula.
- Epiphyseal plates are fully ossified by the end of adolescence
Bone Formation and Growth: Key Terms
- Ossification refers to bone formation.
- Epiphyseal plates facilitate longitudinal growth, leading to an increase in length.
- Appositional growth leads to an increase in diameter
- Osteoblasts are bone-building cells
- Osteoclasts are bone-destroying cells.
Bone Remodeling
- Remodeling is the process of breaking down & reforming of bone
- Bone remodeling occurs throughout life to maintain proportion & strength as well as healthy calcium levels
- Osteoclasts are large cells that break down bone and release calcium ions into the blood.
- Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells that mature into osteocytes.
Osteoporosis
- Weakening of bone occurs with aging and is defined as osteoporosis
- One in two women and one in four men over age 50 will have an osteoporosis-related fracture.
- Osteoporosis causes tissue loss
- Healthy bone is displayed in the top image
Hip Fracture
- A hip fracture is a femoral fracture that occurs in the proximal end of the femur near the hip.
- The 1-year mortality rate after a hip fracture is over 30%.
Fractures
- Fractures: normal, transverse, open/compound, oblique and displaced, fragmented/comminuted etc
Arthritis
- Arthritis is an inflammation of the joints.
- Osteoarthritis is generally a natural part of aging.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease
Rickets
- Rickets is caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphorus.
- Rickets is a disease where bones fail to calcify and stay soft
- Rickets usually affects children ages 3-36 months
- Rickets is rare in developed countries
Herniated Disc
- Herniated Disc is the protrusion of discs of Cartilage between the vertebrae
- Disc protrusion can irritate nearby nerves, resulting in pain, numbness, or weakness in an arm or leg
Scoliosis
- Scoliosis is an abnormal curvature of the spine.
- Scoliosis may be congenital or result from disease or trauma.
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Description
Explore the skeletal system's vital functions: support, protection, movement, storage, and hematopoiesis. Learn about bone development, including fontanels in infants and the process of ossification. Understand how bones act as levers for movement and store essential minerals.
