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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?
What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?
The function of the skeletal system includes the production of blood cells.
The function of the skeletal system includes the production of blood cells.
True
What is the study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders called?
What is the study of bone structure and treatment of bone disorders called?
Osteology
The process of bone development from hyaline cartilage is called __________.
The process of bone development from hyaline cartilage is called __________.
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Which type of ossification is responsible for forming the flat bones of the skull?
Which type of ossification is responsible for forming the flat bones of the skull?
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What is appositional growth responsible for?
What is appositional growth responsible for?
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Bones only serve the function of supporting the body.
Bones only serve the function of supporting the body.
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Name two minerals that are primarily stored in bones.
Name two minerals that are primarily stored in bones.
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Endochondral growth involves the replacement of bone by cartilage.
Endochondral growth involves the replacement of bone by cartilage.
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What type of cells are responsible for the deposition of new bone?
What type of cells are responsible for the deposition of new bone?
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Match the following functions of the skeletal system with their descriptions:
Match the following functions of the skeletal system with their descriptions:
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Bone remodeling involves the removal of old bone by cells called __________.
Bone remodeling involves the removal of old bone by cells called __________.
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Which process is responsible for the increase in length of bone?
Which process is responsible for the increase in length of bone?
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The growth of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate continues uncontrollably throughout life.
The growth of cartilage in the epiphyseal plate continues uncontrollably throughout life.
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What happens to bone growth in length as a person reaches adulthood?
What happens to bone growth in length as a person reaches adulthood?
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What is the primary characteristic of osteoarthritis?
What is the primary characteristic of osteoarthritis?
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Rheumatoid arthritis is a degenerative joint disease.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a degenerative joint disease.
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What is the primary cause of gouty arthritis?
What is the primary cause of gouty arthritis?
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Bursitis is the inflammation of the ______.
Bursitis is the inflammation of the ______.
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Match the following types of arthritis with their characteristics:
Match the following types of arthritis with their characteristics:
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Which of the following is NOT a function of bone remodeling?
Which of the following is NOT a function of bone remodeling?
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Osteoblasts are responsible for digesting old bone.
Osteoblasts are responsible for digesting old bone.
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What is the purpose of a callus in bone repair?
What is the purpose of a callus in bone repair?
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Calcium homeostasis is maintained by __________ and __________.
Calcium homeostasis is maintained by __________ and __________.
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Match the bone-related disorders with their descriptions:
Match the bone-related disorders with their descriptions:
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During which phase of bone remodeling do osteoblasts form new bone?
During which phase of bone remodeling do osteoblasts form new bone?
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The main role of osteoclasts is to build new bone tissue.
The main role of osteoclasts is to build new bone tissue.
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What do osteoblasts do during the process of bone remodeling?
What do osteoblasts do during the process of bone remodeling?
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What condition is characterized by inadequately mineralized bones in children leading to bowed legs?
What condition is characterized by inadequately mineralized bones in children leading to bowed legs?
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Osteoporosis occurs most often in postmenopausal women.
Osteoporosis occurs most often in postmenopausal women.
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What is the main symptom of osteomalacia?
What is the main symptom of osteomalacia?
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Osteomyelitis is an infection in the bone caused by __________ bacteria.
Osteomyelitis is an infection in the bone caused by __________ bacteria.
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Which of the following conditions is not a result of insufficient calcium or vitamin D?
Which of the following conditions is not a result of insufficient calcium or vitamin D?
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Match the conditions with their descriptions:
Match the conditions with their descriptions:
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Fractures can be classified into simple, compound, and greenstick types.
Fractures can be classified into simple, compound, and greenstick types.
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What is the literal meaning of arthritis?
What is the literal meaning of arthritis?
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Study Notes
Functions of the Skeletal System
- Provides support through rigid bones and cartilage, contributing to overall body structure.
- Protects vital organs; for example, cranial bones shield the brain from injury.
- Facilitates movement by serving as attachment points for skeletal muscles via tendons.
- Acts as a storage reservoir for fat, minerals like calcium and phosphorus, helping maintain mineral homeostasis in the blood.
- Responsible for hematopoiesis, with many bones housing bone marrow that produces blood cells and platelets.
Osteology
- Defined as the study of bone structure and disorders affecting the skeletal system.
Bone Ossification
- Bone formation occurs through osteoblasts.
- Intramembranous Ossification: Bone development from fibrous membranes; primarily forms flat bones of the skull, mandible, and clavicles.
- Endochondral Ossification: Bone development from hyaline cartilage, forming most bones except those mentioned above.
Bone Growth
- Appositional Growth: Expands bone width by new bone formation on existing surfaces by osteoblasts.
- Endochondral Growth: Involves cartilage growth at the epiphyseal plate, eventually replaced by bone, increasing bone length until early childhood.
Bone Remodeling
- An ongoing process of old bone resorption by osteoclasts and new bone deposition by osteoblasts.
- Responsible for bone growth, shape changes, adjustment to stress, repair, and calcium ion regulation.
- Consists of three phases: resorption, reversal, and formation.
Bone Repair
- The healing process includes forming a clot at the fracture site and creating a callus for tissue repair.
- Osteoblasts form cancellous bone in the callus, which is later remodeled into compact bone.
Bone and Calcium Homeostasis
- Bones serve as the primary storage for calcium; the balance of calcium in blood is controlled by osteoblast and osteoclast activity.
- Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin maintain calcium homeostasis.
Bone and Joint Disorders
- Achondroplasia: Genetic disorder causing short-limbed dwarfism due to defective conversion of cartilage to bone.
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Also known as brittle bone disease, characterized by fragile bones due to collagen deficiency.
- Rickets: Inadequately mineralized bones in children, leading to deformities, often caused by vitamin D deficiency.
- Osteomalacia: Return of weak bones in adults with similar causes as rickets.
- Osteomyelitis: Bone infection primarily caused by Staphylococcus bacteria.
- Osteoporosis: Condition where bone resorption exceeds formation, particularly affecting postmenopausal women, making bones fragile.
- Scoliosis: Lateral curvature of the spine caused by congenital issues, muscle paralysis, or poor posture.
- Fractures: Breaks in bones categorized as simple, compound, compression, comminuted, or greenstick.
Types of Arthritis
- Arthritis: Inflammation of joints leading to pain, stiffness, and swelling.
- Osteoarthritis: Degenerative joint disease with cartilage deterioration, causing pain and restricted movement.
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting synovial membranes.
- Gouty Arthritis: Caused by abnormal uric acid metabolism leading to joint inflammation.
- Bursitis: Inflammation of the bursa, a fluid-filled sac at friction points, can result from acute or chronic stress.
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Description
Explore the key functions of the skeletal system, including its role in support, protection, and movement. This quiz will test your understanding of how bones, cartilage, and ligaments contribute to the body's structure. Dive into the essential components that keep us upright and agile.
