Skeletal System and Movement
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following bones make up the axial skeleton?

  • Skull, vertebral column, rib cage, and sternum (correct)
  • Vertebral column, rib cage, and pelvic girdle
  • Ribs, lungs, and heart
  • Upper and lower limbs, and the girdles that attach these limbs

    • The appendicular skeleton consists of 80 bones.

    False

    What are the six main functions of the skeletal system?

    Support and structure, protection, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage, and endocrine regulations

    Tendons are connective tissue that connect __________________ to bone.

    <p>muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

    <p>Digestion of food</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following functions with their corresponding explanations:

    <p>Provides a framework for attachment of soft connective tissue, such as muscles. = 1 They protect internal organs; for example, the ribs protect the heart and lungs = 2 When muscles contract they pull on bones and produce movement = 3 Stores calcium and phosphorus, which are released when needed = 4 Yellow bone marrow is a stored source of lipids in the bones. = 5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The axial skeleton is essential for protecting vital organs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the appendicular skeleton?

    <p>To facilitate locomotion and weight-bearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows movement only on one axis, preventing rotation in other directions?

    <p>Hinge Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The wrist joint is an example of a ball and socket joint.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of synovial joints in the body?

    <p>To provide movement and flexibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The joint between the radius, ulna, and carpal bones in the wrist is an example of a _______ joint.

    <p>condyloid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of joint allows rotation along the long axis?

    <p>Pivot Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synovial joints are less stable than other joint types.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a ball and socket joint and a condyloid joint?

    <p>A ball and socket joint allows movement in multiple axes, while a condyloid joint restricts rotation due to its oval shape and ligaments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following joints with their characteristics:

    <p>Hinge Joint = Allows flexion and extension Pivot Joint = Allows rotation along the long axis Ball and Socket Joint = Allows movement in multiple axes Saddle Joint = Has a unique structure with a concave surface fitting a convex surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The hip joint provides stability with a _______ socket.

    <p>deep</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the joint that allows gliding or rotating movements?

    <p>Plane Joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of short bones?

    <p>Facilitating fine movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibrous joints allow for a range of movement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sesamoid bones?

    <p>Provide protection and reduce friction and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Long bones have a shaft () and two ends ().

    <p>diaphysis epiphyses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of bones with their characteristics:

    <p>Long bones = Elongated cylindrical shape Short bones = Cube-shaped or roughly equal in length and width Flat bones = Thin, flattened, and often curved Irregular bones = No uniform shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of joint?

    <p>Synovial joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cartilaginous joints allow for a range of movement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the synovial fluid in synovial joints?

    <p>Not mentioned in the content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The joint at the top of the vertebral column, which allows us to turn our heads from side to side, is an example of a _______ joint.

    <p>Pivot joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of synovial joint allows for movement in three planes?

    <p>Ball and socket joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint allows for some rotation and gliding?

    <p>Plane joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The anatomical position assumes that the body is in a sitting position.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ plane divides the body into left and right halves.

    <p>Sagittal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following directional terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Superior = Towards the head Inferior = Towards the feet Anterior = Towards the front Posterior = Towards the back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement involves increasing the angle between two body parts?

    <p>Extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The transverse plane divides the body into front and back halves.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body?

    <p>Adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ joint is an example of a plane joint.

    <p>Acromioclavicular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of movement involves the rotation of a body part around its own axis?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the muscles in the body?

    <p>To facilitate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of muscles in movement?

    <p>To work together with bones and joints to allow movement of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isometric contractions result in movement at the joint.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the body takes in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

    <p>Respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Skeletal muscles are responsible for facial expressions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The nose is the primary external opening for the __________________ system.

    <p>respiratory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the heat production generated by muscle contractions?

    <p>Thermogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Muscles protect internal organs and structures by surrounding and cushioning them, for example, the __________________ muscles protect the organs within the abdominal cavity.

    <p>abdominal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of contraction occurs when the muscle force is greater than the opposing force?

    <p>Concentric contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Isokinetic contractions require a special machine to maintain a constant energy output.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of muscle tissue is primarily attached to bones and moves the skeleton?

    <p>Skeletal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis in the respiratory system?

    <p>To close off the airway when swallowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Voluntary muscles are muscles that contract without any conscious control.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the point of attachment of a muscle to a more stationary bone called?

    <p>Origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The trachea is a tube composed of cartilage rings extending from the __________________ to the lungs.

    <p>larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of muscle contractions with their definitions:

    <p>Concentric contraction = Muscle shortens during contraction, leading to movement at the joint. Eccentric contraction = Muscle lengthens while under tension. Isometric contraction = Muscle fibres are activated and develop force, but muscle length remains constant. Isokinetic contraction = Muscle contraction with a constant amount of energy throughout.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of muscles in the human body is approximately __________________.

    <p>600-650</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pharynx is a common pathway for air, food, and liquid.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of muscle contractions with their descriptions:

    <p>Concentric = Muscle contracts and shortens Eccentric = Muscle lengthens while contracting Isometric = Muscle contracts without moving the joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of tendons in movement?

    <p>To connect muscles to bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cartilage in the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles?

    <p>To keep the airway open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diaphragm relaxes during inspiration.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal breathing rate in humans?

    <p>12 to 18 breaths per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tricuspid valve in the heart?

    <p>Separates the right atrium from the right ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The exchange of gases between the blood and air occurs in the ____________.

    <p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The arteries have thicker walls than the veins.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the mitral valve in the heart?

    <p>Separates the left atrium from the left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following gases with their percentage in inhaled air:

    <p>Oxygen (O2) = 20.93% Carbon Dioxide (CO2) = 0.03% Nitrogen (N) and other gases = 79.04%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

    <p>To transport oxygen and nutrients to the tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The pulmonary circulation is a short loop from the heart to the ________________ and back again.

    <p>lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following vessels with their functions:

    <p>Arteries = Carry blood away from the heart Veins = Return blood to the heart Capillaries = Exchange of oxygen and nutrients with the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart has three chambers.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The capillaries are the smallest vessels in the circulatory system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of erythrocytes?

    <p>To carry oxygen from the lungs and deliver it throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cardiac cycle is the process of the heart contracting rhythmically to pump ____________.

    <p>blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when we stop exercising suddenly?

    <p>Blood pooling occurs in the legs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thrombocytes?

    <p>To rush to fix cuts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between arteries and veins?

    <p>Arteries have thicker walls and carry blood away from the heart, while veins have thinner walls and return blood to the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The aorta is the largest ________________ in the body.

    <p>artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The systemic circulation carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back again.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of capillary exchange?

    <p>To exchange oxygen and nutrients with the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pulmonary circulation is responsible for delivering oxygenated blood to the body tissues.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the amount of blood the heart pumps out of the left ventricle in one minute?

    <p>Cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The highest pressure recorded when blood is forced into the arteries during contraction of the left ventricle is known as _______________ pressure.

    <p>systolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that affects blood pressure?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arteriosclerosis leads to a decrease in blood pressure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the flow of blood from the body's veins back to the heart?

    <p>Venous return</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diameter of the blood vessels also affects blood flow through the vessels, with ___________________ of the vessels increasing resistance to blood flow.

    <p>narrowing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the circulatory system with their functions:

    <p>Capillaries = Exchange oxygen and nutrients with cells Arteries = Carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body Veins = Return deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart Venules = Collect deoxygenated blood from capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systemic circulation is connected to the right side of the heart.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the trachea in the bronchial tree?

    <p>To bring air down to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During exercise, the depth of breath and number of alveoli used for gas exchange decrease.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of haemoglobin in the respiratory system?

    <p>Haemoglobin carries oxygen in the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The bronchial tree consists of bronchi, bronchioles, and ______

    <p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

    <p>To facilitate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system helps maintain the body's pH balance by controlling levels of oxygen in the blood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which gas exchange occurs in the body tissues?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system helps maintain the body's pH balance by controlling levels of ______ in the blood.

    <p>carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following respiratory structures with their functions:

    <p>Trachea = Brings air down to the lungs Alveoli = Facilitates gas exchange Bronchi = Branches into smaller bronchioles Mucus = Traps and removes foreign particles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system is responsible for delivering oxygen to the body tissues and removing carbon dioxide.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of exercise sessions in the target heart rate zone for individuals in good health?

    <p>20 to 30 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Protein is a primary source of fuel for the aerobic system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimal period required for adaptations to take place in exercise?

    <p>six weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The aerobic system adapts to increased demands by increasing _______________, heart rate, and blood flow to muscles.

    <p>breathing rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of exercise with their characteristics:

    <p>Continuous exercises = Most effective for aerobic fitness Running = Example of a continuous exercise Cycling = Example of a continuous exercise Swimming = Example of a continuous exercise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ability to exercise for a long period of time without running out of breath or getting tired?

    <p>Cardiorespiratory Endurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Body composition is the amount of fat, bone, water, and muscle in the body.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability to perform quickly an activity that requires strength?

    <p>Power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ability to change and control the direction of your body while moving quickly is known as ______________.

    <p>agility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of physical fitness?

    <p>To improve overall health and ability to perform physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All 11 fitness components are health-related.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following fitness components with their descriptions:

    <p>Muscular Endurance = The ability of muscles to perform an activity for a long period of time without becoming fatigued Flexibility = The ability to move your joints through a full range of motion Body Composition = The amount of fat, bone, water, and muscle in the body Reaction Time = The time it takes for the brain to receive information and to send a message to the muscles to initiate movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the ability to perform a movement or to cover a distance in a minimum amount of time?

    <p>Speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______________ principle is used to guide aerobic and anaerobic training.

    <p>FITT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the skeletal system?

    <p>To protect vital organs and enable movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The deltoid muscle is responsible for flexion of the elbow.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the microscopic sacs where oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide?

    <p>alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heart is a pump consisting of __________ chambers.

    <p>four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pulmonary circulation?

    <p>To circulate blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood pressure is measured using a stethoscope.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the force exerted by the blood on the walls of the blood vessels?

    <p>blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ muscles are responsible for contraction of the diaphragm during inspiration.

    <p>intercostal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following muscle contractions with their descriptions:

    <p>concentric = The muscle shortens while under tension eccentric = The muscle lengthens while under tension isometric = There is no change in length despite the muscle being under tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Exercise has no immediate effect on the rate and depth of breathing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of aerobic training?

    <p>Developing cardiorespiratory endurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anaerobic training primarily uses the aerobic energy system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abbreviation FITT principle in aerobic training?

    <p>Frequency, Intensity, Time, and Type</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The FITT principle recommends training at least __________ times per week for improvements in aerobic training.

    <p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of target heart rate in aerobic training?

    <p>To measure the intensity of the workout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Synovial joints are more stable than other joint types.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body?

    <p>Abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following energy systems with their characteristics:

    <p>Aerobic energy system = Uses oxygen for energy production Anaerobic energy system = Does not use oxygen for energy production Lactic acid energy system = A type of anaerobic energy system Alactacid energy system = A type of anaerobic energy system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The axial skeleton is essential for protecting vital __________.

    <p>organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the circulatory and respiratory systems in relation to movement?

    <p>To improve movement efficiency and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Skeletal System

    • The skeletal system serves six main functions:
      • Support and structure
      • Protection
      • Movement
      • Blood cell production
      • Mineral storage
      • Endocrine regulation
    • The skeletal system consists of 206 bones, divided into:
      • Axial skeleton (80 bones): head, neck, back, chest, and rib cage
      • Appendicular skeleton (126 bones): upper and lower limbs, and girdles that attach these limbs to the axial skeleton

    Bone Types

    • There are five types of bones:
      • Long bones (e.g., femur, humerus)
      • Short bones (e.g., carpals, tarsals)
      • Flat bones (e.g., skull, sternum, scapula)
      • Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae, facial bones, pelvic bones)
      • Sesamoid bones (e.g., patella, bones in hands and feet)

    Joints

    • There are three types of joints:
      • Fibrous (fixed/immovable)
      • Cartilaginous (slightly moveable)
      • Synovial (freely moveable)
    • Synovial joints are the most common type and allow for a range of movement
    • Examples of synovial joints:
      • Hinge joints (e.g., knee, elbow, ankle)
      • Ball and socket joints (e.g., hip, shoulder)
      • Pivot joints (e.g., radioulnar, atlanto-axial)
      • Gliding joints (e.g., carpals, tarsals)
      • Saddle joints (e.g., carpometacarpal, sternoclavicular)
      • Condyloid joints (e.g., radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal)

    Muscle System

    • The muscular system consists of approximately 600-650 muscles
    • Muscles work together with bones and joints to allow movement
    • Muscle functions:
      • Movement
      • Posture and stability
      • Heat generation
      • Protection
      • Respiration
      • Digestion
      • Blood circulation
      • Facial expressions
    • There are three types of muscle tissue:
      • Skeletal muscle (striated, voluntary)
      • Smooth muscle (nonstriated, involuntary)
      • Cardiac muscle (striated, involuntary)

    Muscle Contraction

    • Types of muscle contraction:
      • Concentric (muscle shortens, leading to movement)
      • Eccentric (muscle lengthens, often assisted by gravity)
      • Isometric (muscle length remains constant, no movement)
    • Isotonic contractions:
      • Concentric isotonic contractions (muscle overcomes opposing force, shortens)
      • Eccentric isotonic contractions (muscle force is less than opposing force, lengthens)
    • Isokinetic contractions (constant amount of energy, tension and length change)

    Tendons

    • Tendons connect muscles to bones
    • Tendons allow for movement by transmitting force from muscles to bones

    Muscle Structure

    • Origin: muscle's point of attachment to the more stationary bone
    • Insertion: muscle's point of attachment to the movable bone
    • Muscle action: movement made at the joint when the muscle contracts### Respiratory System
    • The respiratory system includes the lungs and air passages that ventilate them
    • The process of respiration involves taking in oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the body
    • The respiratory system is made up of:
      • Nose: filters, moistens, warms, and humidifies incoming air
      • Pharynx (throat): a common pathway for air, food, and liquid
      • Epiglottis: a flap that closes off the airway when swallowing
      • Larynx (voice box): used for sound production and speech
      • Trachea (windpipe): a tube that brings air down to the lungs
      • Bronchial tree: consists of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli
    • Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli, where oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is removed

    Lung Function

    • Inspiration: the process of breathing in, where the diaphragm contracts and the chest cavity expands
    • Expiration: the process of breathing out, where the diaphragm relaxes and the chest cavity decreases
    • Lung function involves:
      • Taking in oxygen-rich air and removing carbon dioxide
      • Exchanging gases between the lungs and bloodstream
      • Regulating breathing rate and depth

    Exchange of Gases

    • The exchange of gases occurs between the lungs and bloodstream
    • Oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is removed through the process of respiration
    • The composition of inhaled and exhaled air is:
      • Inhaled air: 20.93% oxygen, 0.03% carbon dioxide, 79.04% nitrogen and other gases
      • Exhaled air: 16.4% oxygen, 4.1% carbon dioxide, 79.5% nitrogen and other gases

    Circulatory System

    • The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood
    • The components of blood are:
      • Erythrocytes (red blood cells): carry oxygen from the lungs to the body
      • Leukocytes (white blood cells): fight infection and provide immunity
      • Thrombocytes (platelets): help to fix cuts and wounds
      • Plasma: the liquid portion of the blood that carries water, proteins, and minerals
    • The main functions of blood are:
      • Transportation of oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells
      • Removal of carbon dioxide and waste products from the body's cells
      • Regulation of the body's temperature and fluid content

    Heart Structure and Function

    • The heart is a muscular pump that contracts rhythmically to provide the force for blood circulation
    • The heart has two sides, four chambers, and four valves
    • The chambers of the heart are:
      • Left atrium: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
      • Right atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from the body
      • Left ventricle: pumps oxygenated blood to the body
      • Right ventricle: pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
    • The valves of the heart are:
      • Pulmonary valve: between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
      • Tricuspid valve: between the right atrium and right ventricle
      • Mitral valve: between the left atrium and left ventricle
      • Aortic valve: between the left ventricle and aorta

    Blood Vessels

    • Arteries: carry blood away from the heart
    • Arterioles: small arteries that branch into capillaries
    • Capillaries: tiny blood vessels where gas exchange occurs
    • Veins: carry blood back to the heart
    • Venules: small veins that merge to form larger veins

    Blood Pressure

    • Blood pressure is the force of blood against the walls of blood vessels

    • Systolic pressure: the highest pressure recorded during contraction of the left ventricle

    • Diastolic pressure: the lowest pressure recorded during relaxation of the heart

    • Factors that affect blood pressure include:

      • Cardiac output: the amount of blood pumped by the heart
      • Volume of blood in circulation: the amount of blood in the body
      • Resistance to blood flow: the opposition to blood flow through the vessels
      • Venous return: the flow of blood back to the heart### Blood and Circulation

    • Blood consists of plasma and formed elements (red and white cells, platelets)

    • The heart is a pump with four chambers: right chambers receive blood from the body, pump it to the lungs, left chambers receive blood from the lungs, pump it to the body

    • Arteries and arterioles deliver blood to capillaries where oxygen exchange takes place

    • Venules and veins return deoxygenated blood to the heart

    • Pulmonary circulation: circulation from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

    • Systemic circulation: circulation from the heart to the body tissues and back to the heart

    • Blood pressure: force exerted by blood on blood vessel walls, measured using a sphygmomanometer (systolic and diastolic pressure)

    Physical Fitness

    • Physical fitness: a set of attributes related to the ability to perform physical activity
    • Measurable by field-based or clinical tests (e.g., sit and reach, vertical jump)
    • 11 components: 5 health-related (cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, body composition), 6 skill-related (power, speed, agility, coordination, balance, reaction time)
    • Cardiorespiratory endurance: healthy functioning of circulatory and respiratory systems, ability to exercise for a long period without fatigue
    • Muscular endurance: ability of muscles to perform an activity for a long period without fatigue
    • Muscular strength: amount of force produced by muscles in a single maximal effort
    • Flexibility: ability to move joints through a full range of motion
    • Body composition: amount of fat, bone, water, and muscle in the body
    • Power: ability to perform quickly an activity that requires strength
    • Speed: ability to perform a movement or cover a distance in a minimum amount of time
    • Agility: ability to change and control the direction of the body while moving quickly
    • Coordination: ability to use two or more parts of the body together to perform a task
    • Balance: ability to keep the body stable in a moving or stationary position
    • Reaction time: time it takes for the brain to receive information and send a message to the muscles to initiate movement

    Aerobic and Anaerobic Training

    • Aerobic training: develops cardiorespiratory endurance, uses aerobic energy system, focuses on enhancing the athlete's capacity to absorb, transport, and utilize oxygen
    • Anaerobic training: diverse, targets strength, power, speed, lactate removal, and muscular endurance, uses anaerobic energy systems (Lactic Acid and Alactacid energy systems)
    • FITT principle: Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
    • Frequency: train at least three times per week, with minimal benefits from sessions exceeding five times a week
    • Intensity: stress body systems to induce adaptations, measuring intensity by calculating target heart rate
    • Time: exercise sessions should last 20-30 minutes, with minimal adaptations occurring in less than six weeks
    • Type: continuous exercises using large muscle groups are most effective (e.g., running, cycling, swimming, aerobics)

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    Description

    This quiz covers the skeletal system, including major bones involved in movement, synovial joints, and joint actions. It also explores the relationship between the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems during movement.

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    10 questions

    Skeletal System Overview and Human Body Organization

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    MajesticJasmine6577
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