Sildenafil and PDE-5 Inhibitors in Erectile Dysfunction Treatment
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sildenafil in treating Erectile Dysfunction?

  • Blocking the action of beta-adrenergic receptors
  • Inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5 to increase cGMP levels (correct)
  • Increasing the concentration of intracellular calcium
  • Inhibiting the release of nitric oxide

    • What is a unique characteristic of sildenafil's effect on vision?

  • It improves visual acuity
  • It leads to loss of blue/green discrimination (correct)
  • It causes mydriasis
  • It improves color vision

    • What is a major contraindication of sildenafil administration?

  • Age older than 65 years
  • Renal dysfunction
  • Co-administration with nitrates (correct)
  • Hypertension

    • Why does sildenafil only work in the presence of sexual stimulation?

    <p>It requires the release of nitric oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible consequence of administering sildenafil to patients with cardiovascular disease?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a rare but serious side effect of sildenafil?

    <p>Priapism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of PDE-5 inhibitors in treating erectile dysfunction?

    <p>Increase the level of cGMP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following side effects is NOT associated with vardenafil?

    <p>Nasal decongestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between vardenafil and tadalafil in terms of absorption?

    <p>Vardenafil absorption is delayed in the presence of fatty meals, while tadalafil absorption is not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the contraindication for vardenafil and tadalafil?

    <p>Nitrates and alpha-adrenergic antagonist drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique characteristic of tadalafil compared to vardenafil and sildenafil?

    <p>Longer half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of action of vardenafil?

    <p>4 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do PDE-5 inhibitors only work in the presence of sexual stimulation?

    <p>Because they require the release of nitric oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of administering vardenafil with a-adrenergic antagonist drugs?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of papaverine in treating erectile dysfunction?

    <p>It is a nonspecific relaxant with a musculotropic spasmolytic effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of action of papaverine when administered via injection into the penis?

    <p>30-60 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary side effect of phentolamine that is related to its alpha-adrenergic blocking activity?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the route of administration of papaverine in the treatment of erectile dysfunction?

    <p>Intracavernosal injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of phentolamine on the alpha receptors?

    <p>Blockade of alpha receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common side effect of both papaverine and phentolamine?

    <p>Dyspepsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of papaverine and phentolamine?

    <p>Erectile dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of phentolamine in reducing hypertension?

    <p>Blockade of alpha receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Avanafil and other PDE-5 inhibitors?

    <p>Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most significant advantage of Avanafil compared to sildenafil and tadalafil?

    <p>Quicker onset of action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for Avanafil and Alprostadil?

    <p>Erectile Dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of PDE-5 inhibitors, including Avanafil?

    <p>Nasal congestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a contraindication for the administration of Avanafil?

    <p>Nitrates and a-adrenergic antagonist drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique characteristic of Alprostadil?

    <p>Acts locally, with less systemic side effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of Alprostadil?

    <p>Headache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential complication of PDE-5 inhibitors, including Avanafil?

    <p>Priapism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the beneficial effect of androgens in men with low testosterone?

    <p>Treatment of hypogonadism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two dosage forms of androgens mentioned in the content?

    <p>Gel and skin patches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the side effect of androgens that is related to the eye?

    <p>Increased intraocular pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the side effect of androgens that is related to the digestive system?

    <p>Vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the side effect of androgens that is related to the cardiovascular system?

    <p>Hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the side effect of androgens that is related to the musculoskeletal system?

    <p>Myalgia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

    • Sildenafil: taken 1 hour prior to intercourse, erection lasts for 4 hours, absorption delayed in presence of fatty meals
    • Side effects: headache, flushing, dyspepsia, nasal congestion, loss of blue/green discrimination, hearing loss, caution with CVD, priapism, don't administer with nitrates and alpha-adrenergic antagonist drugs
    • Vardenafil: taken 1 hour prior to intercourse, erection lasts for 4 hours, absorption delayed in presence of fatty meals
    • Side effects: same as sildenafil
    • Tadalafil: longer half-life, absorption not impaired with food
    • Side effects: same as sildenafil, plus myalgia
    • Avanafil: quickest, 30 minutes before intercourse, half-life for 5 hours
    • Side effects: same as sildenafil

    Prostaglandin E1

    • Alprostadil: acts locally, fewer side effects than PDE-5 inhibitors
    • Side effects: headache, penile and testicular pain, mechanical bleeding, priapism, hypotension
    • Onset: suppository → 5-10 minutes, injection → 2-25 minutes, duration: 30-60 minutes

    Vasodilation

    • Papaverine: benzylisoquinolone derivative, musculotropic spasmolytic with a nonspecific relaxant effect
    • Side effects: dyspepsia, headache, vomiting, flushing, dizziness, myalgia, visual disturbance, increased intraocular pressure, nasal congestion, hypotension, priapism
    • Injected intracavernosally to increase blood flow to the penis and produce an erection
    • Phentolamine: alpha1 and alpha2 adrenergic blocker, blocks circulating epinephrine and norepinephrine, reducing hypertension
    • Side effects: same as papaverine
    • Injected into the penis to produce an erection

    Androgens

    • Testosterone: beneficial for men with low testosterone (hypogonadism)
    • Dosage forms: gel or skin patches
    • Side effects: dyspepsia, headache, vomiting, flushing, dizziness, myalgia, visual disturbance, increased intraocular pressure, nasal congestion, hypotension, priapism

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    This quiz covers the mechanism of action, side effects, and dosage of sildenafil and other PDE-5 inhibitors in treating erectile dysfunction. It also discusses contraindications and notes on its use.

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