Shock-Hypovolemic Classification and Precipitating Factors
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of hypovolemic shock?

  • Absolute hypovolemia
  • Anaphylactic shock (correct)
  • Relative hypovolemia
  • Neurogenic shock

What is the primary goal of fluid resuscitation in hypovolemic shock?

  • Decrease lactate levels
  • Increase oxygen delivery
  • Keep the systolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg (correct)
  • Maintain urine output

Which of the following is a common cause of relative hypovolemia?

  • Diabetes insipidus
  • Hemorrhage from trauma
  • Bowel obstruction (correct)
  • Excessive diuresis

What is the '3:1 rule' in fluid resuscitation for hypovolemic shock?

<p>For every 1 mL of blood loss, give 3 mL of isotonic crystalloid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of absolute hypovolemia?

<p>Hemorrhage from trauma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hemodynamic consequence of spinal cord injury at or above T5 level?

<p>Neurogenic shock (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of relative hypovolemia due to fluid shifts?

<p>Burn injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common diagnostic finding in hypovolemic shock?

<p>Decreased hemoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which patient population is at risk for distributive shock?

<p>Older adults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of distributive shock affecting the skin?

<p>Cool, clammy skin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario is associated with neurogenic shock?

<p>Hypotension and bradycardia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a diagnostic finding that can indicate distributive shock?

<p>Elevated lactate levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by decreased cardiac output, decreased SVR, and hypotension with tachycardia?

<p>Anaphylactic shock (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of late septic shock?

<p>Variable CVP and PAOP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of distributive shock affecting the renal system?

<p>Oliguria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which obstructive shock impairs cardiac output?

<p>Decreased venous return (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common cause of obstructive shock?

<p>Cardiac tamponade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of management for obstructive shock?

<p>Relieving or managing the obstruction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic finding is most specific to the cause of obstructive shock?

<p>Elevated central venous pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which a pulmonary embolism can lead to obstructive shock?

<p>Obstruction of pulmonary blood flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of obstructive shock?

<p>Cardiac tamponade (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition might require mechanical decompression through needle or tube insertion as part of its management?

<p>Cardiac tamponade (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a specific diagnostic finding for superior vena cava syndrome in obstructive shock?

<p>Venous distension in the neck and upper extremities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical manifestation is typically associated with pulmonary embolism in obstructive shock?

<p>Cyanosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a management approach for abdominal compartment syndrome in obstructive shock?

<p>Decompressive laparotomy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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