25 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a type of hypovolemic shock?
Anaphylactic shock
What is the primary goal of fluid resuscitation in hypovolemic shock?
Keep the systolic blood pressure above 90 mmHg
Which of the following is a common cause of relative hypovolemia?
Bowel obstruction
What is the '3:1 rule' in fluid resuscitation for hypovolemic shock?
For every 1 mL of blood loss, give 3 mL of isotonic crystalloid
Which of the following is a common cause of absolute hypovolemia?
Hemorrhage from trauma
What is the hemodynamic consequence of spinal cord injury at or above T5 level?
Neurogenic shock
Which of the following is a common cause of relative hypovolemia due to fluid shifts?
Burn injuries
Which of the following is a common diagnostic finding in hypovolemic shock?
Decreased hemoglobin
Which patient population is at risk for distributive shock?
Older adults
What is a common clinical manifestation of distributive shock affecting the skin?
Cool, clammy skin
Which scenario is associated with neurogenic shock?
Hypotension and bradycardia
What is a diagnostic finding that can indicate distributive shock?
Elevated lactate levels
Which condition is characterized by decreased cardiac output, decreased SVR, and hypotension with tachycardia?
Anaphylactic shock
What is a key feature of late septic shock?
Variable CVP and PAOP
What is a common clinical manifestation of distributive shock affecting the renal system?
Oliguria
What is the primary mechanism by which obstructive shock impairs cardiac output?
Decreased venous return
Which of the following is a common cause of obstructive shock?
Cardiac tamponade
What is the primary goal of management for obstructive shock?
Relieving or managing the obstruction
Which diagnostic finding is most specific to the cause of obstructive shock?
Elevated central venous pressure
What is the primary mechanism by which a pulmonary embolism can lead to obstructive shock?
Obstruction of pulmonary blood flow
What is a common cause of obstructive shock?
Cardiac tamponade
Which condition might require mechanical decompression through needle or tube insertion as part of its management?
Cardiac tamponade
What is a specific diagnostic finding for superior vena cava syndrome in obstructive shock?
Venous distension in the neck and upper extremities
Which clinical manifestation is typically associated with pulmonary embolism in obstructive shock?
Cyanosis
What is a management approach for abdominal compartment syndrome in obstructive shock?
Decompressive laparotomy
Learn about the classification of shock due to hypovolemia and the precipitating factors that contribute to it, including absolute hypovolemia, relative hypovolemia, and different causes such as hemorrhage, fluid shifts, and internal bleeding.
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