SFWRTECH 3IT3 - Introduction to Networking

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a network?

To share information and resources (correct)

To share power sources

To reduce device cost

To increase device storage

What type of network is limited to a small area, such as a home or office?

Local Area Network (LAN) (correct)

Campus Area Network (CAN)

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)

What is an example of a 'non-classical' type of network?

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Local Area Network (LAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)

Body Area Network (BAN) (correct)

What is a characteristic of a LAN?

It is limited to a small area Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a device that can be found in a LAN?

Router Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of a network?

To share resources and information Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network?

Each node can be both a client and a server Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of a Client/Server network?

It is generally more secure and scalable Signup and view all the answers

What is a drawback of a Bus topology?

Collisions can occur due to the shared communication medium Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Star topology?

Each node is connected to a central device Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of a Mesh topology?

It is very fault-tolerant Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Hybrid topology?

It blends two or more of the classical topologies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Hub?

To connect Ethernet devices together in a physical star topology Signup and view all the answers

What is unique to every Network Interface Controller (NIC)?

A 48-bit MAC address Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Bridge?

To connect similar segments together Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Router?

To forward packets towards the destination Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Bridge table?

To learn host locations based on source MAC address Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a Switch?

It performs transparent bridging Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Network Interface Controller (NIC)?

To allow a device to connect to a network Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a Hub's jam signal?

To detect collisions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a Bridge?

To connect (usually) two similar segments together Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Router in regards to the OSI Reference Model?

It operates at the network layer (L3) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Overview of Networking

A network consists of two or more interconnected devices.
Networks can either be localized (like within a building) or distributed over vast distances.
Purpose includes sharing information (documents, messaging) and resources (applications, printers).

Types of Networks

Local Area Network (LAN): Limited to a small area; can be segmented into workgroups; does not extend beyond a single building.
Campus Area Network (CAN): Collection of interconnected LANs within a limited geographic area; example includes universities.
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN): Covers a larger area than LAN, often spanning a city.
Wide Area Network (WAN): Spans large geographic distances, often connecting multiple LANs.
Non-classical Types:
- Body Area Network (BAN)
- Personal Area Network (PAN)
- Internet Area Network (IAN)

Peer-to-Peer vs Client/Server Networks

Peer-to-Peer (P2P): No central server; every node can act as both client and server; distributed with no single point of failure.
Client/Server: Dedicated servers respond to client requests; typically more secure and scalable.

Network Devices

Network Interface Controller (NIC): Device allowing connection to a network; has a unique 48-bit MAC address; can be wired or wireless.
Hub: Physical layer device connecting multiple Ethernet devices; broadcasts data to all ports; does not filter traffic.
Bridge: Connects two similar segments; partitions collision domains; filters and forwards data based on MAC addresses.
Switch: Functions similarly to a bridge but at a higher density; reduces collision domains further; employs various forwarding strategies.
Router: Network layer device forwarding packets between different networks based on IP addresses and routing tables.

OSI Reference Model

Developed by ISO to standardize networking protocols.
Divided into seven layers, each with specific functions:
- Application (L7)
- Presentation (L6)
- Session (L5)
- Transport (L4)
- Network (L3)
- Data Link (L2)
- Physical (L1)
Each layer communicates with the corresponding layer on other hosts.

Network Topologies

Bus: Simple and cost-effective; nodes share a communication line; potential for collisions.
Star: All nodes connect to a central device; easy to expand but central device represents a single point of failure.
Ring: Each node connects to two others; data travels in one direction; can struggle with node addition/removal.
Mesh: High fault tolerance; every node connects to every other node; most expensive due to complexity.
Wireless: Utilizes radio frequency for communication; provides mobility and can adopt ad hoc or infrastructure designs.
Hybrid: Combines features of classical topologies, optimizing benefits and addressing drawbacks of each configuration.

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Description

This quiz covers the basics of networking, including types of networks and their purposes. It defines what a network is and explains how devices can be connected and share resources.