Septic Tank and Cesspool Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of a septic tank?

  • To store and digest sewage solids anaerobically (correct)
  • To discharge effluent from bathrooms and kitchens
  • To provide leaching of wastewater into the soil
  • To completely fill up with stones

    • How often should a water-tight cesspool be cleaned?

  • Every 2 years
  • Every 6 months (correct)
  • Every 1-5 years
  • Every month

    • What happens when the sides of a cesspool get clogged?

  • The leaching capacity reduces (correct)
  • The leaching capacity increases
  • The bottom of the pit rises
  • The pit becomes more porous

    • What type of soil is best suitable for cesspools?

    <p>Porous soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a seepage pit and a cesspool?

    <p>A seepage pit discharges effluent while a cesspool leaches wastewater into soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential for the bottom of a cesspool to be well above the ground water level?

    <p>To prevent contamination of groundwater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement commonly used to express concentrations of air pollutants?

    <p>Milligrams per cubic meter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is NOT considered an air pollutant in the text?

    <p>Nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what concentration level does a substance become considered an air pollutant in the text?

    <p>When its concentration is relatively high compared to background levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between parts per million (ppm) and milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3) based on the text?

    <p>$1 ppm = 0.0001% by volume$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor affects the relationship between parts per million (ppm) and milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3)?

    <p>Temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is air pollution defined in the text?

    <p>Any atmospheric condition with high concentrations of substances causing undesirable effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume occupied by 1 mole of an ideal gas at standard conditions according to the text?

    <p>$22.4$ liters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might some rapidly developing societies not invest in air pollution control according to the text?

    <p>Economic and social priorities take precedence over pollution control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of sulfur dioxide (SO2)?

    <p>Combustion of sulfur-containing fuels like oil and coal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas plays a role in the formation of tropospheric ozone?

    <p>Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of carbon monoxide (CO) in the atmosphere?

    <p>Motor vehicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to reduced visibility and respiratory diseases?

    <p>Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant is a secondary pollutant formed through photochemical reactions involving NOX and VOCs?

    <p>Ozone (O3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main contributors to indoor pollution?

    <p>Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do geogenic sources of indoor air pollution originate from?

    <p>Earth's crust or atmospheric gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant is colorless but has a suffocating, pungent odor?

    <p>Sulfur dioxide (SO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can exposure to lead (Pb) affect in the human body?

    <p>Blood, kidneys, and nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What constitutes Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPS)?

    <p>Pollutants causing or may cause cancer or other serious health effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the major health effects caused by community air pollution according to the text?

    <p>Heart disease and lung disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic mucosal irritation caused by high levels of air pollution?

    <p>Acute or chronic bronchitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutants tend to occur together in association with traffic, especially in sunny regions?

    <p>Ozone and oxides of nitrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a source of Total Suspended Particulate Matter (TSP) as per the text?

    <p>Construction activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a criterion pollutant regulated by US-EPA and most countries?

    <p>$CO_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of respiratory symptoms as mentioned in the text?

    <p>$PM$ from various sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health effect may result from accumulated lead exposure due to air pollution?

    <p>$CNS$ effects and learning disabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant cause of cancer associated with community air pollution mentioned in the text?

    <p>$As$ released from smelters with poor controls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be said about the relationship between air pollution and cancer according to the text?

    <p>Community air pollution is a significant cause of cancer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What population shows better characterization of health effects from air pollution according to the text?

    <p>Communities as a whole are better understood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are primary air pollutants?

    <p>Pollutants emitted directly into the atmosphere by sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant was a serious problem in air pollution during industrialization?

    <p>Sulfur Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of sulfur dioxide on the respiratory system?

    <p>Broncho constriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is particularly susceptible to the effects of sulfur dioxide?

    <p>Individuals with asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major constituent of air pollution capable of forming acid?

    <p>Sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pollutant is created by the oxidation of Nitric Oxide?

    <p>Nitrogen Dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the guideline levels for exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide according to WHO?

    <p>$400 μg/m3$ for one hour and $150 μg/m3$ for 24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the direct effects of nitrogen oxide on the respiratory system?

    <p>$Increased$ infectious lower respiratory disease in children and higher asthmatic problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    $SO2$ and sulfates are principal chemical species that cause what phenomenon?

    <p>$Acid precipitation$</p> Signup and view all the answers

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