Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the sensory filter in attention processing?
What is the purpose of the sensory filter in attention processing?
- To analyze the relevance of all incoming stimuli
- To completely block out attended stimuli
- To enhance all information processed
- To filter out information that lacks meaning (correct)
According to Broadbent’s model, what type of selection does the sensory filter perform?
According to Broadbent’s model, what type of selection does the sensory filter perform?
- Random selection without any processing
- Early selection based on physical cues (correct)
- Late selection based on meaning
- Selective attention based on past experiences
In Broadbent’s filter model, what happens to unattended stimuli?
In Broadbent’s filter model, what happens to unattended stimuli?
- Unattended stimuli are entirely ignored without exception
- Some unattended stimuli may pass the filter if they are meaningful (correct)
- Unattended stimuli can influence subsequent attention
- All unattended stimuli are fully processed
What role do physical cues play in attention according to the model discussed?
What role do physical cues play in attention according to the model discussed?
What is the result of the bottleneck in the initial stages of attention according to Broadbent’s model?
What is the result of the bottleneck in the initial stages of attention according to Broadbent’s model?
What best describes the initial detection of a triangle in the preattentive stage according to feature integration theory?
What best describes the initial detection of a triangle in the preattentive stage according to feature integration theory?
During the focused attention stage, what contributes to binding stimuli together?
During the focused attention stage, what contributes to binding stimuli together?
What leads to illusory conjunctions according to feature integration theory?
What leads to illusory conjunctions according to feature integration theory?
In a visual search where the target is a red O, what effect do shared features with distractors have?
In a visual search where the target is a red O, what effect do shared features with distractors have?
What is the result of conducting a serial search during the focused attention stage?
What is the result of conducting a serial search during the focused attention stage?
What does Moray's research suggest about certain messages in a dichotic listening task?
What does Moray's research suggest about certain messages in a dichotic listening task?
According to Treisman's Attenuation model, what happens to unattended messages?
According to Treisman's Attenuation model, what happens to unattended messages?
What role does the attentuator play in Treisman's model?
What role does the attentuator play in Treisman's model?
In a dichotic listening task, how often were participants able to detect their name when it was embedded in an unattended message?
In a dichotic listening task, how often were participants able to detect their name when it was embedded in an unattended message?
What is indicated by the term 'dictionary unit' in the context of Treisman's model?
What is indicated by the term 'dictionary unit' in the context of Treisman's model?
What happens to distractors when perceptual load is high?
What happens to distractors when perceptual load is high?
In which situation would a person be more likely to notice a distraction?
In which situation would a person be more likely to notice a distraction?
What is the primary function of the early selection mechanism in load theory?
What is the primary function of the early selection mechanism in load theory?
Which of the following scenarios illustrates low perceptual load?
Which of the following scenarios illustrates low perceptual load?
When engaging in a high load task, what is typically true about cognitive resources?
When engaging in a high load task, what is typically true about cognitive resources?
In a late selection scenario, how are distractors generally processed?
In a late selection scenario, how are distractors generally processed?
What effect does the complexity of a task have on perceptual load?
What effect does the complexity of a task have on perceptual load?
What is a potential outcome when perceptual load is low?
What is a potential outcome when perceptual load is low?
What effect does top-down or goal-oriented attention have on bottom-up distractions?
What effect does top-down or goal-oriented attention have on bottom-up distractions?
In the training sessions, what role did the reward amount play in influencing participants' attention?
In the training sessions, what role did the reward amount play in influencing participants' attention?
What was the main finding regarding participant responses to target items based on reward history?
What was the main finding regarding participant responses to target items based on reward history?
What influence did the item history of distractors have during the test session?
What influence did the item history of distractors have during the test session?
How did the association of ignoring a stimulus with reward affect responses during the test?
How did the association of ignoring a stimulus with reward affect responses during the test?
Study Notes
Sensory Processing
- Sensory information is initially filtered before reaching short-term memory.
- Filtered-out information lacks meaning and is often from environmental stimuli.
- Attended information passes through the filter and is processed meaningfully.
Attention Models
- Broadbent's Model focuses on early selection in information processing; attention acts as a bottleneck.
- Query about whether all unattended stimuli are completely blocked arises from Broadbent's model.
- Moray (1959) found that important messages can penetrate the filter, evidenced by a dichotic listening task where ~33% detected their name.
Treisman's Attenuation Model
- Attended messages fully pass through, while unattended messages are attenuated, not completely blocked.
- Attenuated messages can still be processed for meaning, facilitated by an "Attenuator" and "Dictionary Unit."
Load Theory
- Processing capacity is limited; perceptual load dictates attention allocation.
- High perceptual load tasks allow no resources for distractions, leading to early selection.
- Low perceptual load tasks have available resources to process distractions, allowing for late selection.
Feature Integration Theory (FIT)
- Proposes that objects are processed in stages: preattentive (independent features) and focused attention (binding features).
- In the preattentive stage, features are identified separately; in focused attention, they are combined consciously.
- Illusory conjunctions can occur when attention is divided, causing binding errors.
Visual Search in FIT
- Targets with shared features with distractors lead to longer search times due to conjunction of features.
- Background distractors that share only one feature with the target allow for faster searches.
- Serial searches entail item-by-item feature binding before determining target identity.
Attention & Learning (Della Libera & Chelazzi, 2009)
- Experiment involved training with target figures and associated rewards to assess attention and learning.
- Distractor responses correlated with prior reward associations; distractors associated with low rewards were harder to ignore.
- Stimuli with reward history acted as distractions, indicating long-lasting effects on attention even after an interval without rewards.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge on sensory memory and the filtering process involved in short-term memory retention. This quiz explores how sensory information is processed and filtered for further use. Dive deep into the mechanics of memory functioning!
