Self-Esteem Measurement in Social Psychology
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of self-esteem?

  • Self-efficacy (correct)
  • Narcissism (correct)
  • Self-compassion (correct)
  • Subjective evaluation of self
  • What is the primary measure used for global self-esteem?

  • Collective Self-Esteem Scale
  • CSE Scale
  • Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (correct)
  • Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale
  • What aspect does collective self-esteem focus on?

  • Coping mechanisms for self-acceptance
  • Personal relationships and friendships
  • Individual accomplishments and abilities
  • Evaluation of identified ingroups (correct)
  • Which of the following best describes 'Basking in Reflected Glory' (BIRGing)?

    <p>Gaining self-esteem from group successes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the 'Appearance' contingency of worth influence self-esteem?

    <p>Linked to personal looks and attractiveness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components is NOT a part of the contingencies of self-worth?

    <p>Physical health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the view of self-worth in the context of family support?

    <p>It can enhance one's self-esteem based on familial relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option best describes 'Self-efficacy'?

    <p>Belief in one's own abilities to succeed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the availability heuristic suggest about information retrieval?

    <p>Easier retrieval leads to the belief that an event occurs more often.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory posits that individuals understand their identity by reflecting on their own behaviors?

    <p>Self-perception theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary function of schemas in social psychology?

    <p>To simplify information processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Heider's Theory of Attribution, high motivation and high ability correspond to which type of attribution?

    <p>Confident Internal Attribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Overjustification Effect imply about people's motivation?

    <p>Introducing external rewards can decrease intrinsic motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following influences the organization of information in an individual's schema?

    <p>The frequency with which the information is accessed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes self-discrepancy theory?

    <p>It argues that discrepancies between self-concepts lead to emotional discomfort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the semantic activation network play in social interactions?

    <p>It enables quick access to related concepts during conversations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does self-awareness imply about the self?

    <p>It involves imitation and recognition of oneself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does social comparison theory categorize the types of comparisons one can make?

    <p>Upward and downward comparisons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of social identity theory?

    <p>Categorization of self and others into groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes self-schema theory?

    <p>It refers to the organization of beliefs and ideas about oneself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the self-concept, what does WIDE stand for?

    <p>Similar Others, Influences Self Concept, Upward or Downward, Protection of Esteem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the mirror recognition test primarily assess?

    <p>Recognition of self among humans and animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the social self considered a story we tell ourselves?

    <p>It involves a narrative shaped by interactions with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the self-concept encompass?

    <p>A comprehensive personal summary including beliefs and values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes individuals with low self-monitoring (SM) according to the content?

    <p>They have a consistent way of acting across various situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a form of impression management mentioned in the content?

    <p>Emotional suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Optimal Margin Theory, what aspect of positive illusions can be beneficial?

    <p>A sense of control over life circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'self-serving bias' refer to?

    <p>The skewed perception of one's own traits and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do high self-monitoring individuals typically behave in social situations?

    <p>They adjust their behavior to align with social expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does self-discrepancy theory propose occurs due to a discrepancy between the three selves?

    <p>Negative emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance?

    <p>Discrepancy between attitudes or attitudes and behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of 'self-enhancement' in impression management?

    <p>Taking undue credit for team success.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does self-monitoring affect individual behavior in social situations?

    <p>It allows for flexibility in self-presentation, akin to a social chameleon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'subjective age' refer to in the context of Optimal Margin Theory?

    <p>The difference between felt age and actual age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general tendency of impression management in social contexts?

    <p>Manipulating perceptions to achieve desired outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily drives the self-expansion theory?

    <p>Basic intrinsic motivation to grow and improve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when discrepancies in self-concept are unresolved according to self-expansion theory?

    <p>Relationships may end due to perceived lack of expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best explains the phenomenon of 'conspicuous consumption'?

    <p>Buying luxury items to display wealth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic distinguishes high self-monitors from low self-monitors?

    <p>Increased awareness and adaptability to social cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does perceived similarity influence self-expansion according to self-expansion theory?

    <p>It enhances the desire to expand oneself</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Defining Self-Esteem

    • Self-esteem is a personal evaluation of one’s self-concept, rooted in subjective feelings.
    • It is distinct from self-compassion, narcissism, and self-efficacy.

    Measuring Self-Esteem

    • Global self-esteem can be measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, available on Open Psychometrics.
    • Collective self-esteem focuses on evaluation of social group memberships, with a specific measure available through Ohio State University's Crocker Lab.
    • Contingencies of worth assess various factors influencing self-esteem, including societal approval, competition, and personal attributes.

    Collective Self-Esteem

    • Involves evaluation of one's social groups:
      • Membership reflects pride in belonging.
      • Private assessment may involve regret about group affiliations.
      • Public perception pertains to how groups are viewed socially.
      • Identity indicators indicate minimal influence on self-esteem from group memberships.
    • Basking in reflected glory (BIRGing) enhances self-esteem through association with successful groups, impacting collective self-esteem and social identity.

    Contingencies of Self-Worth

    • Factors affecting self-worth include appearance, divine love, competition, virtue, approval from others, family support, and academic competence.

    Concept of the Self

    • The self is narratively constructed and inherently social, involving interactions with family, friends, and broader communities.
    • Self-awareness distinguishes one's self from external entities, with insights from Darwin on imitation and mirror neurons.
    • The mirror recognition test indicates self-awareness in both humans and animals.

    Self-Concept and Social Comparison

    • Self-concept serves as a personal identity summary, shaped by social comparison (upward and downward).
    • The WIDE model illustrates how similar others influence self-concept, providing frameworks for self-esteem protection.

    Social Identity and Schema Theory

    • Social identity theory emphasizes natural categorization of differences, leading to ingroup/outgroup differentiation.
    • Self-schema theory categorizes knowledge about the self into various schemas, which affect information retrieval and influence cognitive processing.

    Cognitive Dissonance and Self-Expansion Theory

    • Self-discrepancy theory posits three self-concepts: actual, ideal, and ought selves, with discrepancies causing negative emotions.
    • Cognitive dissonance arises from inconsistencies in beliefs or behaviors, prompting adjustments in attitudes or perceptions.
    • Self-expansion theory highlights intrinsic motivation for personal growth through relationships, with perceived similarity enhancing this drive.

    Self-Monitoring and Impression Management

    • Self-monitoring, akin to social chameleons, involves altering behavior to adapt to various situations.
    • High self-monitors adjust their actions according to social context, which may lead to perceptions of inauthenticity in roles such as sales and politics.
    • Impression management encompasses strategies like ingratiation (impression enhancement) and self-promotion, with implications on societal perceptions.

    Truth and Self-Perception

    • Optimistic self-perception can lead to beneficially distorted views, encapsulated in optimal margin theory that emphasizes positive illusions.
    • Self-serving bias reflects individuals' tendencies to overestimate their abilities and attribute success to internal factors while blaming external circumstances for failure.

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    Description

    Explore the concepts surrounding self-esteem as defined in Social Psychology, 1e by Heinzen and Goodfriend. This quiz covers definitions, measurement strategies, and common misconceptions about self-esteem. Test your knowledge on personal evaluations and the differences from related concepts.

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