Self-Concept in Psychology
38 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What aspect of self-concept refers to how one perceives him or herself?

  • Self-image (correct)
  • True self
  • Ideal self
  • Self-worth

Which self is described as the core of who you are, unshaped by societal influence?

  • False self
  • True self (correct)
  • Social mask
  • Ideal self

What is the role of the 'false self' in psychological terms?

  • To adapt and fit in with societal expectations (correct)
  • To represent the actual beliefs and values of the individual
  • To enhance self-esteem and self-worth
  • To achieve personal goals and dreams

Which of the following best describes the 'categorical self'?

<p>It begins when a child recognizes their separate existence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the ideal self represent in self-concept?

<p>The person one desires to become over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cognitive construction, what is emphasized?

<p>Mental processes and integration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to the social roles created to interact effectively with a broader range of people?

<p>Social mask (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the self-concept is likely to change most frequently?

<p>Ideal self (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key statement related to the false self?

<p>It hides the real self from others. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the statement 'the curious paradox is that when I accept myself just as I am, then I can change' imply about personal growth?

<p>Self-acceptance is critical for genuine transformation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of self-preservation primarily involve?

<p>The actions prompted by the self to improve and protect oneself (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does William James characterize the I self?

<p>As the conscious stream of thoughts and feelings within an individual (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does congruence between the real self and ideal self imply?

<p>An agreement that boosts self-worth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component forms part of the material self according to the constituents of self?

<p>Belongings and physical appearance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the social self?

<p>How an individual is seen and recognized by others (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential aspect of Carl Rogers's self theory?

<p>One can shape themselves through actions and choices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is self-feeling defined?

<p>Emotions that arise from one's self-appraisal of existence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the pure ego represent in the constituents of self?

<p>The internal acknowledgment of thoughts and feelings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the process of self-reflection as it relates to the Me self?

<p>One becomes aware of oneself as an object of their thoughts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the dynamic nature of the ideal self suggest?

<p>It evolves based on personal aspirations and experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates the action of self-seeking?

<p>Seeking improvement and growth based on self-knowledge (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way does self-awareness enhance emotional regulation?

<p>It fosters a deeper understanding of personal triggers and responses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one role of self-identity in personal development?

<p>To facilitate an understanding of one's place in society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can observing one's emotions help in personal development?

<p>It promotes self-awareness and informed responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does observational learning refer to in Albert Bandura's theories?

<p>Learning through observing others and modeling their behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of human agency refers to the way individuals form intentions with action plans?

<p>Intentionality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can most negatively impact the process of retention in observational learning?

<p>Attention being distracted by irrelevant stimuli (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes self-efficacy as mentioned in Bandura's theory?

<p>Belief in one's own capabilities to achieve goals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for an individual to develop muscle memory according to the process of motor reproduction?

<p>Repeated practice of the behavior observed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the four core properties of human agency highlighted in Bandura's theories?

<p>Intentionality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does motivation play in Albert Bandura's observational learning model?

<p>It aids in assessing the importance of the model's behavior (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of attention is crucial for successful observational learning?

<p>Focused observation without interruptions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Bandura's model, what does self-reactiveness signify?

<p>The process of adjusting one's behavior based on self-regulation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Bandura's theory view the relationship between humans and their life circumstances?

<p>Humans actively shape their life circumstances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the concept of retention important in the context of observational learning?

<p>Because it allows for the retrieval and application of learned information later (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What implication does Bandura's emphasis on self-efficacy have for education and learning?

<p>Encouraging students' belief in their abilities can boost learning outcomes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor can negatively affect attention during the learning process as per Bandura's model?

<p>Presence of distractions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Bandura’s theories, how do incentives or punishments influence learning?

<p>They can motivate individuals based on their personal evaluations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Categorical Self

The stage in childhood development when a child recognizes their existence as separate from others and begins to categorize themselves by attributes like age, sex, etc.

Self-worth/Self-esteem

An aspect of self-concept, representing a person's evaluation of their own worth.

Self-image

How a person perceives themselves; a component of self-concept.

Ideal Self

The version of oneself a person aspires to be; part of self-concept.

Signup and view all the flashcards

True Self

The genuine, authentic core of a person, as opposed to a social façade.

Signup and view all the flashcards

False Self

The self that conforms to societal expectations and hides the true self; an adapted version.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unified Selves

The concept that a person has a single, harmonious, consistent self.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Multiple Selves

The idea that a person has many different aspects or facets of their personality.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Social Mask

The persona displayed to others in social situations, different from the true self.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global vs. Differentiated Models

Different ways of understanding how individuals perceive themselves, either holistically (global) or with distinct characteristics (differentiated).

Signup and view all the flashcards

I-Self

The conscious thinking subject, aware of both oneself and the environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Me-Self

The object of one's own thinking, how the self is perceived by others.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Material Self

Physical possessions and things associated with one's identity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Social Self

How others perceive and interact with you.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Spiritual Self

One's thoughts, beliefs, and feelings about oneself.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Congruence

Agreement between the real and ideal self.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-seeking

The drive to improve oneself.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-preservation

The effort to maintain and enhance oneself.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Empirical Self

The observable aspects of the self

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-feelings

Emotions arising from self-knowledge and appraisal.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Self-Theory (Rogers)

The self develops gradually through free choice and action.

Signup and view all the flashcards

William James

Philosopher and psychologist known for the I and Me selves.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Carl Rogers

Psychologist who emphasized the development of the self.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Models of Self

View the self as a whole, independent of its parts, considering the person's totality. It's like seeing a human being as one complete unit, not separate pieces.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gestalt Psychology

Principle that 'the whole is greater than the sum of its parts'. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of different elements in creating the whole picture.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Humanistic Psychology

Focuses on understanding human emotions and experiences to know more about a person's identity; influenced by the environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Differentiated Models of Self

The human self can be examined by its parts. Self is the sum of these parts of mind, body, and so on.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sigmund Freud

Psychoanalyst who studied the structure of the human psyche to understand personality and identity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Id

The part of the personality present from birth; driven by instinct and libido (sexual energy).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ego

Part of the personality that develops from coping with anxiety; controls the Id and can delay pleasure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Superego

The conscience and moral judge of one's conduct.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Personal Unconscious

Memories and experiences stored in the mind, but not always consciously recalled.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Collective Unconscious

The unconscious mind shared by all human beings, including instincts and archetypes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Archetypes

Universal, inborn models of people, behaviors, and personalities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Agentic Theory

Humans are proactive and have the capacity to think, decide, and control their actions, essentially having free will.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Observational Learning

Learning by observing others' behaviors and consequences.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Western Self

Individualistic, analytical, materialistic, rational, and often monotheistic. Focuses on personal freedom and independence.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eastern Self

Collectivist, relational, and often focused on spiritual development. Emphasizes group harmony, interdependence, and tradition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

The Self in Psychological Perspective

  • William James' concept of "I" and "Me" selves
    • The "I" self is the thinking subject, conscious of its environment and existence.
    • The "Me" self is the object of its own thinking, how others perceive it.
  • The self is comprised of the empirical self (possessions, relationships, beliefs) and self-feelings (resulting emotions).
  • The self seeks self-preservation and self-improvement.
  • Carl Rogers' theory of self-development (gradually developed during childhood).
    • Emphasizes the difference between the real self and the ideal self.
    • Real self refers to one's actual characteristics.
    • Ideal self refers to one's desired characteristics.
    • Congruence is important for high self-worth; when the real and ideal self are similar.

Aspects of Self-Concept

  • Existential self: individual begins to recognize their existence, separate from others.
  • Categorical self: individuals categorize themselves based on age, sex, etc.

Thoughts Supporting Global Models

  • Gestalt Psychology - The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
  • Humanistic Psychology - Human beings supersede the sum of their parts

Differentiated Models

  • Look into human components, understanding their uniqueness.

Albert Bandura's Agentic Theory

  • Rejects the idea of the self being culturally influenced.
  • Humans have the ability to think, decide, foresee, and control their actions.
  • Self is a proactive and agentic part.

The Self in Western and Eastern Thoughts

  • Individualism (self-oriented): emphasizes independence, personal needs, and self-reliance.
  • Collectivism (group-oriented): prioritizes group loyalty, belongingness, and group needs.

Western Self as Analytic

  • Focuses on causal links, part-to-whole relationships.
  • Emphasizes connections.

Western Self as Monotheistic

  • Belief in one Supreme Being coexisting with the universe.

Western Self as Individualistic

  • Emphasizes coexistence of good and bad in freedom.
  • Prioritizes personal desires over group needs.

Buddhism

  • Emphasizes no permanent self (Anatta).
  • Suffering stems from craving and attachment.
  • Liberation achieved through the Eightfold Path.

Confucianism

  • Self-cultivation prioritizes the benefit of others.
  • The individual is part of a larger whole.

Taoism

  • Harmony with the Tao (the way).
  • Taoism emphasizes living in harmony with the universe.

Material Aspect

  • Material possessions shape the self.
  • The body, possessions and family play a major role in personal perception.

Consumerism and One’s Self-Identity

  • Consumer culture and credit cards change how people buy goods and services.
  • Material possessions can influence happiness and relationships positively or negatively.

The Self in Sexual and Reproductive Behavior

  • Highlights the diversity of human sexual behaviors.
  • Describes various types of sexual acts.
  • Explains sexually transmitted diseases.
  • Includes contraception methods.
  • Discusses issues of reproduction and sterilization.

Physiological Aspects of Self

  • Body image refers to feelings about the body.
  • Self-esteem determines an individual's total value.
  • Psychological impact of beauty perceptions.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Understanding The Self (Midterm) PDF

Description

Explore the different dimensions of the self as discussed by William James and Carl Rogers. This quiz will cover concepts such as the 'I' and 'Me' selves, the distinction between the real and ideal self, and the evolution of self-concept. Test your understanding of how self-awareness and self-perception shape personal identity.

More Like This

Psychology of Self and Personal Identity
40 questions

Psychology of Self and Personal Identity

WarmheartedStrontium4645 avatar
WarmheartedStrontium4645
Psychology Chapter 5 Summary Flashcards
10 questions

Psychology Chapter 5 Summary Flashcards

BenevolentDramaticIrony avatar
BenevolentDramaticIrony
Self Concept and Social Reflection
37 questions

Self Concept and Social Reflection

WellBalancedPascal9485 avatar
WellBalancedPascal9485
Psychology: The Self and Identity
8 questions

Psychology: The Self and Identity

HandySanJose avatar
HandySanJose
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser