Selection Forms and Influential Factors
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Questions and Answers

Формы отбора. Влияние различных факторов на эффективность отбора.

1

Селекционно-генетические параметры отбора, их значение в совершенствовании
продуктивных и племенных качеств животных.

2

Оценка животных по происхождению.

3

Методы оценки животных по качеству потомства.

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Формы и типы подбора.

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Основные принципы подбора.

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Использование инбридинга в племенной работе.

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Чистопородное разведение и его использование с целью повышения продуктивности и улучшения племенных качеств.

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Скрещивание: промышленное, переменное. Сущность и решаемые задачи.

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Поглотительное скрещивание, его использование с целью повышения продуктивности и улучшения племенных качеств.

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Вводное скрещивание и его роль в совершенствовании пород.

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Воспроизводительное скрещивание и его использование с целью создания новых пород жИвоТныХ.

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Гибридизация

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Методы селекции на гетерозис.

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Селекция животных на устойчивость к заболеваниям (приведите примеры из разных отраслей животноводства).

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Flashcards

Animal Selection

Selection of individuals for breeding based on desired traits. Involves choosing animals with superior qualities to improve the next generation.

Factors Affecting Selection Efficiency

Factors influencing the success of selection. These include heritability, genetic variation, selection intensity, and the generation interval.

Selection Genetic Parameters

Quantitative measurements used to assess the genetic potential of animals for inheritance. These parameters include heritability, genetic variance, and selection differential.

Animal Evaluation by Pedigree

Evaluating animals based on their ancestry and the performance of their relatives. This can provide insights into their genetic potential.

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Animal Evaluation by Progeny Testing

Methods for evaluating animals based on the performance of their offspring. This involves assessing the productivity and quality of progeny compared to other animals.

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Forms and Types of Mating

Different ways to select breeding pairs. Examples include positive assortative mating (pairing similar individuals) and negative assortative mating (pairing contrasting individuals).

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Mating Principles

Principles guiding the selection of breeding pairs. These often involve considering both economic and genetic factors for optimum results.

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Inbreeding in Animal Breeding

Breeding closely related individuals to concentrate desirable genes. This can be useful for improving specific traits but may lead to inbreeding depression.

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Purebred Breeding

Breeding within a breed to maintain desired characteristics and purity. This helps preserve specific traits and improve overall performance.

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Crossbreeding

Crossing different breeds for specific benefits. Types include commercial (for profit), rotational (cyclical crossing), and crossbreeding (mixing different breeds).

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Absorptive Crossbreeding

A type of crossbreeding where a purebred is repeatedly crossed with a different breed, eventually absorbing the desired traits and establishing a new line.

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Introductory Crossbreeding

Introducing a new breed to improve existing stock. This can provide new genetic material and introduce valuable traits to the population.

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Reproductive Crossbreeding

A crossbreeding strategy aimed at creating a new breed, often with desired traits from different parental breeds. This involves careful selection and breeding over several generations.

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Hybridization

A special case of crossbreeding that involves mating different species, often resulting in hybrid vigor (heterosis).

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Methods for Selecting for Heterosis

Methods for selecting animals for hybridization to maximize heterosis. This involves carefully analyzing genetic backgrounds and mating strategies.

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Selection for Disease Resistance

Breeding animals for resistance to specific diseases. This involves identifying disease-resistant individuals and incorporating their genes into the population.

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