Scientific Research and Topic Selection
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Questions and Answers

What are the two types of research that investigate the premises found in the literature?

  • Inductive and deductive
  • Confirmatory and contradictory (correct)
  • Experimental and observational
  • Qualitative and quantitative
  • What is the primary source of evidence used in confirmatory and contradictory research, as mentioned in the text?

  • Empirical evidence and observation (correct)
  • Expert opinions and anecdotal accounts
  • Logical analysis of existing theories
  • Statistical modeling and data analysis
  • Which of the following criteria is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of scientific credibility in the text?

  • Transparency of protocols
  • Objectivity (correct)
  • Replicability
  • Generatability
  • According to the content, what is the purpose of 'refutation-oriented' research?

    <p>To expose flaws and limitations in accepted premises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in the research process involves narrowing down your interest from a broad area to a specific topic?

    <p>From general to specific (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the main purpose of ensuring the availability of substantial literature on the chosen research topic?

    <p>To ensure the feasibility and relevance of your study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as a factor to consider during the research process?

    <p>Statistical analysis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to select a research topic with sufficient literary resources?

    <p>To provide adequate background information for your study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key purposes of scientific research?

    <p>To categorize and organize knowledge in the social world. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a fundamental characteristic of scientific research?

    <p>Developing ethical guidelines for data collection and analysis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided information, how does research on past events contribute to our understanding of current events?

    <p>It provides a historical context for interpreting present-day situations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes the goal of scientific research in relation to future events?

    <p>To provide tools and knowledge that can help us navigate future challenges. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of 'interpretations' in scientific research?

    <p>To recognize that different people understand the world differently. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way in which scientific research helps to understand the social world?

    <p>By developing innovative technologies to solve social problems. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The text refers to "observable events" in the social world. What does this suggest about the nature of scientific research?

    <p>Scientific research must rely on empirical data and evidence-based findings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do "logical arguments" contribute to scientific research?

    <p>They help to establish connections and relationships between different concepts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does "context" in the table refer to?

    <p>The moment and geographical space from which the information will be taken (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the excerpt, what is the primary concern of the ontological question in scientific research?

    <p>The nature of reality and what can be known about it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a question that needs to be addressed when justifying research choices?

    <p>What is the expected outcome of the research? (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key purpose of defining the "social reality" in the research process?

    <p>To determine the relevant information needed from the research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The phrase "reliable knowledge" in the text is closely related to which of the following questions?

    <p>The epistemological question (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the purpose of defining the "actor" in the table?

    <p>To select representative samples of the social reality being studied (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary objective of the table presented in the text?

    <p>To provide a framework for identifying the key components of a research project (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the excerpt, what is the significance of the researcher's choice of distinctions and categories when conducting a research project?

    <p>It helps to define the scope and focus of the research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Scientific Research

    A systematic investigation to establish facts or principles, particularly in the social world.

    Categorizations in Research

    Organizing and conceptualizing the social world into distinct categories for better understanding.

    Explanations and Predictions

    Establishing logical arguments that connect concepts in the social world to predict behaviors.

    Patterns of Behavior

    Identifying regularities and consistent behaviors observed within the social world over time.

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    Interpretations in Research

    Recognizing that reality is shaped by various cognitions, experiences, and interactions.

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    Research on Observable Events

    Conducting studies based on events that can be seen and logically analyzed in the social context.

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    Learning from Past Events

    Using knowledge from historical events to inform our understanding of the present and future situations.

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    Inferring Knowledge

    Drawing conclusions about current and future events based on prior research and past situations.

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    Social Reality

    The shared understanding and meaning that individuals within a society create.

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    Subject of Research

    The main focus or topic that is being studied in a research project.

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    Object of Research

    The specific entity or phenomenon that the research aims to understand or analyze.

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    Empirical Relevance

    The significance of research findings based on observation and experience in real-world contexts.

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    Ontology

    The study of the nature of reality and existence in relation to knowledge.

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    Epistemology

    The study of knowledge, its nature, and how it can be acquired.

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    Justification of Choices

    The reasoning behind selecting specific subjects, contexts, and methods in research.

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    Research Context

    The setting or environment which the research is situated in and influences its findings.

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    Empirical Research

    Research based on observed and measured phenomena rather than theory.

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    Confirmatory Research

    Research that supports existing premises, enhancing confidence in them.

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    Contradictory Research

    Research aimed at disproving or questioning existing premises.

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    Reliable Knowledge

    Knowledge that is credible, replicable, and verifiable.

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    Research Topic Selection

    The process of identifying an area of interest for research.

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    Thesis Statement Development

    Creating a specific claim or argument based on the research topic.

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    Literature Availability

    The presence of substantial academic work on a chosen topic.

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    Data Access in Research

    The ability to retrieve necessary information from databases for research.

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    Study Notes

    Scientific Research and Choosing a Research Topic

    • The seminar covered what constitutes scientific research and how to select a research topic.
    • Scientific research encompasses organizing the social world, establishing logical arguments and predictions related to social concepts, and recognizing interpretations based on various experiences and interactions.
    • Research differentiates between understanding past events (from which knowledge for the present and future can be inferred), current events (analyzed with prior knowledge to understand and predict), and the unknown future.
    • All research focuses on observable events that can be interpreted using logical analysis of the social world.

    Defining Research Events, Actors, and Context

    • Event Definition: A precise definition of the social field within the research scope (research corpus).
    • Actor Definition: Clearly identifying a representative actor/organization for the research.
    • Context Definition: Determining the specific moment and geographic location, with data relevant to the actor/event. This defines when, where the research is conducted.
    • The subject of research, "what" should be clearly defined and the actors/organizations studied, "who" and when and where, "when" and "where." Empirical relevance should be considered.

    Justifying Research Choices

    • Justification is crucial. Why is the subject relevant? Why are specific distinctions and categories used? Why a particular actor/event? What pertinent information about this context can be obtained from the event/actor, and is the context relevant to study or observation? Precisely define the means of observation.

    Reliable Knowledge and Interpretation

    • Scientific research addresses fundamental questions about reality's form and nature.
    • Epistemological questions explore the knower's relationship with that which can be known and objective detachment.
    • Methodological questions focus on how the inquirer can discover what can be known using suitable methods determined beforehand.

    Reliable Knowledge and Interpretation (cont.)

    • Key criteria for reliable knowledge and interpretation include scientific credibility, replicability, transparency of protocols, generatability, verifiability, and freedom from values.

    Empirical Research

    • Empirical research involves collecting and analyzing literature-based premises, using either a confirmatory or contradictory approach.
    • Confirmatory studies strengthen the confidence in premises, while contradictory (refutation oriented) studies help identify potential flaws or inconsistencies.
    • Research findings often rely on observations and empirical evidence.

    Selecting a Research Topic

    • Select a broad area of interest and focus on a specific topic.
    • Analyze general concepts to specific, relevant areas for future and timely investigation.
    • Ensure sufficient literature is available to support the chosen area of research.
    • Access reliable databases to gather relevant information.
    • Be flexible and open to new research areas.
    • Set clear time-frames for the research project to achieve its objectives.
    • Formulate a concise and clear thesis statement after the literature review with a focus on the research objective.

    Research AI Tools

    • The presentation listed some useful AI tools and research software like scholar.google.com, perplexity.ai, harzing.com/resources/publish-or-perish, and app.humata.ai.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the essentials of scientific research, including how to effectively choose a research topic. It covers the processes involved in understanding past, present, and future events within the social world. Engage with key definitions and concepts to enhance your research skills.

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