MacIntyre
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Questions and Answers

What is central to our understanding of ourselves, according to the hypothesis?

  • Our financial transactions with others.
  • Our capacity to use moral language and reasoning. (correct)
  • Our historical knowledge and its interpretations.
  • Our ability to engage in analytical philosophy.

    • Which type of philosophical analysis does not effectively address disorders of moral thought and practice?

  • Metaphysical philosophy.
  • Pragmatic philosophy.
  • Ethical philosophy.
  • Analytical and phenomenological philosophy. (correct)

    • What historical narrative is suggested to understand the disordered state of the imaginary world?

  • A neutral history of human achievements.
  • An analysis of philosophical ideologies in isolation.
  • A three-stage narrative of decline, catastrophe, and restoration. (correct)
  • A narrative focused solely on moral achievements.

    • Which thinkers are mentioned as propounding a type of philosophy and history that could help investigate moral hypothesis?

    <p>Hegel and Collingwood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major objection raised against the view of the imaginary world?

    <p>The inhabitants no longer recognize their achievements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the narrative described about the history of the imaginary and real world?

    <p>A structure informed by standards of achievement and failure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the hypothesis suggest about our current understanding of morality?

    <p>It may require a radical shift in our viewpoint. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage is NOT part of the historical narrative proposed in the text?

    <p>The stage of remarkable scientific progress. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author suggest about the state of the language of morality in our actual world?

    <p>It is in a grave state of disorder similar to that of natural science. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosophical approaches does the author claim would fail to recognize disorder in this imaginary world?

    <p>Analytical philosophy, phenomenology, and existentialism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term does the author use to describe the components of morality in the actual world?

    <p>Simulacra of morality. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the author, what is a significant challenge when discussing morality in the current context?

    <p>Recognizing the loss of comprehension of morality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hypothetical scenario does the author present regarding the language of natural science?

    <p>It exists in a state of grave disorder despite continued usage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What implication does the author draw from the comparison of moral language and scientific language?

    <p>Both are in states of disorder, affecting their significance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main point of the text?

    <p>The language of morality and values has been disrupted by historical events. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What idea does the author initially present and then reject?

    <p>That a historical event could have erased all traces of itself from the past. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reaction does the author anticipate regarding the suggestion of disorder in morality's language?

    <p>It will be met with skepticism and rejection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What foundational question does the author seek to explore concerning the language of morality?

    <p>The potential loss of significance in moral conceptualization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's potential explanation for the difficulty in recognizing moral disorder?

    <p>The gradual nature of the shift in morality, making it difficult to pinpoint a specific event. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the author describe the potential catastrophic event?

    <p>A continuous, multi-faceted process with no easily identifiable cause. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author imply about the role of academic history?

    <p>Academic history is inherently biased towards identifying moral progression. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's primary purpose in this text?

    <p>To argue that a catastrophic event has reshaped morality but is largely overlooked. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the author characterize the language of morality?

    <p>As a fluid and dynamic aspect of human experience. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main implication of the author's argument?

    <p>We need to re-evaluate historical understanding to include the possibility of moral disorder. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author suggest about the academic curriculum?

    <p>It is disconnected from the historical perspectives of Hegel and Collingwood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the author's hypothesis, how is the current state perceived?

    <p>Disastrous yet unacknowledged by most. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the author differentiate between his view and that of modern radicals?

    <p>Radicals avoid recognizing their own betrayal by moral language. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author imply about the remedies for the current state of society?

    <p>There are no large remedies available for the disastrous state. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotional state does the author associate with the misunderstood concepts of existentialism?

    <p>A fashionable form of despair. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of the author's book?

    <p>To illuminate the thought of despair for all political viewpoints. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author reject in relation to the perception of despair?

    <p>The notion that despair is permanently fashionable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's stance on the moral resources available in our culture?

    <p>They may also be misleading even to those who assert them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central theme of the passage regarding the hypothetical scenario of the decline of science?

    <p>The danger of relying solely on practical applications without understanding the underlying theory. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of the scientific decline described in the passage?

    <p>The development of a new, more advanced form of science that surpasses the previous one. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's primary purpose in using the terms 'neutrino', 'mass', 'specific gravity', and 'atomic weight' in the final paragraph?

    <p>To highlight the potential for misuse and misinterpretation of scientific terms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage suggests that the revival of science in the scenario is characterized by which of the following?

    <p>A reliance on practical applications without theoretical understanding. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author mean by the phrase 'Know-Nothing political movement'?

    <p>A political movement that opposes intellectualism and knowledge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most analogous to the situation described in the passage where scientific knowledge is lost but its terminology persists?

    <p>A musician playing a musical instrument but having no understanding of music theory. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The author's use of the word 'disquieting' in the title suggests that the hypothetical scenario is meant to be viewed as:

    <p>A cautionary tale about the dangers of scientific progress. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The passage suggests that the process of reviving science after its decline would be:

    <p>Challenging and complex, with obstacles to overcome. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Historical Catastrophe

    An event significantly disrupting moral order yet invisible in records.

    Moral Disorder

    A state where moral values and practices are confused or broken.

    Academic History

    The study of history as a formal, scholarly discipline.

    Value-Neutral Viewpoint

    An analytical perspective that avoids moral judgments.

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    Moral Evaluative Presuppositions

    Underlying moral assumptions that shape historical interpretation.

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    Recognition of Catastrophe

    Acknowledgment of events significantly impacting society's morals.

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    Complex Historical Processes

    Long-term historical changes that are subtle and difficult to identify.

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    Rival Interpretations of History

    Different explanations or viewpoints regarding past events.

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    Moral language

    Language that expresses values, ethics, and moral reasoning.

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    Philosophical analysis

    A method of examining concepts and arguments in philosophy.

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    History of natural sciences

    Chronicles the rise, fall, and restoration of scientific thought.

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    Standards of achievement

    Criteria used to evaluate success or failure in historical context.

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    Philosophical history

    A narrative form that evaluates history based on philosophies.

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    Catastrophe in morality

    A significant moral failure or decline in understanding ethics.

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    Imaginary world

    A conceptual framework used to discuss realities and their discontents.

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    Collingwood's historical writing

    Views history as informed by subjective philosophical perspectives.

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    Academic Curriculum

    A structured course of study within educational institutions that is often disconnected from real-world issues.

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    Historical Standpoint

    A perspective on history based on philosophical views such as those of Hegel and Collingwood.

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    Radicalism

    A political ideology that advocates for drastic changes in society and often uses moral rhetoric.

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    Moral Resources

    Values and principles that inform ethical judgments and critiques of society.

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    Despair

    A state of hopelessness often linked to existentialist thought and psychological issues.

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    Disaster Recognition

    The understanding of a significant decline or crisis that is often ignored by society and academia.

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    Antagonistic Stance

    An oppositional approach to current beliefs or systems, differing from mainstream radicalism.

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    Existentialist Misreading

    Incorrect interpretations of existential philosophy, often leading to misfeelings of despair.

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    Catastrophic event in science

    A scenario where environmental disasters lead to the abolition of scientific teaching.

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    Know-Nothing movement

    A political movement that opposes scientific education and persecutes scientists.

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    Fragments of scientific knowledge

    Partial knowledge of scientific experiments and theories left after a catastrophe.

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    Revival of science

    The attempt to restore scientific understanding after it has been lost.

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    Misapplication of scientific terms

    Using scientific vocabulary without understanding the underlying concepts.

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    Incoherent scientific practices

    Engaging in scientific activities without a coherent theoretical framework.

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    Survival of periodic table

    Children reciting elements of the periodic table without comprehension.

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    Loss of underlying beliefs

    Absence of foundational principles that give meaning to scientific terms.

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    Subjectivist theories of science

    Theories claiming that scientific truth is based on personal perspectives.

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    Imaginary world of science

    A hypothetical world where scientific language exists in disarray.

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    Analytical philosophy

    A philosophical approach focused on descriptive analysis of language.

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    Phenomenology

    A philosophical approach studying structures of consciousness and intentionality.

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    Simulacra of morality

    Inauthentic representations of moral concepts that lack true significance.

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    Disorder in moral language

    The state of confusion and lack of clarity in moral discourse.

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    Fragments of a conceptual scheme

    Incomplete parts of a moral framework lacking context.

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    Epistemological basis

    The foundation for understanding knowledge and belief systems.

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    Study Notes

    A Disquieting Suggestion

    • Imagine a catastrophe befalls the natural sciences, leading to public unrest, and the eventual abolition of science.
    • Scientists are executed, labs are destroyed, and books are lost.
    • A remnant of scientific knowledge remains, fragmented and disconnected from its original context.
    • This fragmented knowledge is reinterpreted in a distorted way, resembling the original but flawed.

    Scientific Fragmentation

    • Practices based on fragments of scientific theory are created.

    • Key concepts like relativity, evolution, and phlogiston are debated.

    • The reinterpreted theories are incoherent and inconsistent.

    • Individuals use scientific terms like "neutrino," "mass," and "atomic weight," in ways reminiscent of their previous use.

    • Underlying assumptions and connections of the original scientific knowledge are lost, leading to seeming rivals interpretations where there is no viable comparison

    • Philosophies like analytic philosophy and phenomenology, struggle to find the disorder in the lost and fragmented science.

    Moral equivalent of the scientific disaster

    • Suggests a similar disarray is present in moral thought and language.
    • Moral theory and practice are disjointed, with key concepts and their interconnections lost.
    • Current moral discourse is merely a simulacrum of genuine moral thought.
    • Current interpretations are not seen as problematic or contradictory

    Historical Perspective

    • Academic history and philosophy, is unable to detect moral disarray.
    • Past philosophies and historical narratives (e.g., Hegel, and Collingwood) may provide potential approaches to address this dilemma.
    • A catastrophic event might leave moral thinking fragmented, even if its occurrence is unrecorded.

    Contemporary Relevance

    • The imaginary scenario highlights the potential for significant loss in contemporary thought and praxis without adequate historical examination.
    • A lack of context could cause a perceived gap in understanding of how terms and concepts are used and misrepresented.

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    Related Documents

    A Disquieting Suggestion PDF

    Description

    Explore a scenario where a catastrophe leads to the loss and distortion of scientific knowledge. This quiz examines how original theories such as relativity and evolution are reinterpreted, earning fragmented and incoherent practices. Test your understanding of science's resilience in the face of chaos and intellectual fragmentation.

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