Science Classifying Matter Flashcards

Classification of Matter

• Mechanical Mixtures: Examples include salad, sand, and laundry; distinct particles are visible.

• Molecules: Compounds consist of identical molecules, each made of two or more different atoms in fixed proportions.

• Solutions: Include substances like stainless steel, air, and saltwater; these are homogeneous mixtures.

• Heterogeneous Mixtures: Composed of two or more visibly distinct particles that are not uniformly mixed.

• Diatomic Molecules: Include hydrogen, oxygen, bromine, fluorine, iodine, chlorine, and nitrogen; consist of two bonded atoms.

• Suspension: Appears homogeneous but particles will settle into distinct phases over time.

• Phase: A visibly distinct layer in a mixture, indicating variation in composition.

• Homogeneous Mixture: Another term for a solution, where particles are uniformly mixed.

• Alloys: Mixtures of metals such as bronze, brass, 18 karat gold, and stainless steel.

• Pure Substances: Includes water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and chlorine; each consists of only one type of particle.

• Elements: Substances composed of the same types of atoms; have uniform properties.

• Compounds: Formed from molecules containing different atoms in fixed proportions, for example, water or carbon dioxide.

• Mixtures: Combinations of two or more different types of particles or pure substances that retain individual properties.

• Mechanical Mixture Characteristics: Different particles are easily visible, forming separate phases within the mixture.

Key Definitions

• Composition: Classifying matter based on the type of particles it is made from.

• Diatomic Molecules: Comprised of two atoms bonded together, common in elemental gases.

• Homogeneous Mixture of Gas: Air is a primary example, with gases evenly distributed.

• Atoms: Fundamental particles that make up elements, ensuring uniform composition within.

• Carbon Dioxide: A compound made of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.

• Matter: Defined as anything that possesses mass and occupies volume.

• Pure Substance: Defined by its consistency of a single type of particle, either an element or a compound.

• Bronze: An alloy made from copper and tin, widely used for statues due to its durability.

• Formation of Molecules: Requires two or more different atoms to combine in fixed proportions to create a molecule in a compound.