Science Chapter 1 Assessment Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements about the image shown below is NOT an observation?

The insect pattern shows that it's poisonous (correct)

The insect moves quickly

The insect is colorful

The insect has wings

The statement 'the worm is 2 cm long' is a?

Observation

An inference is?

A logical interpretation of an observation

To be useful in science, a hypothesis must be?

Testable Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about a controlled experiment is true?

Only one variable is tested at a time Signup and view all the answers

What are the goals of science?

To provide natural explanations for events in the natural world Signup and view all the answers

How does an observation about an object differ from an inference about that object?

An observation is made using senses without prior knowledge, while an inference is based on prior knowledge. Signup and view all the answers

How does a hypothesis help scientists understand the natural world?

It helps by providing answers to scientific questions or explanations for a set of observations. Signup and view all the answers

Why does it make sense for scientists to test just one variable at a time in an experiment?

So they can determine which variable is responsible for the results. Signup and view all the answers

Distinguish between an experimental group and a control group.

A control group and experimental group are exposed to the same conditions except for the independent variable. Signup and view all the answers

A skeptical attitude in science means?

New ideas will only be accepted if backed up with evidence. Signup and view all the answers

The purpose of peer review in science is to ensure that?

Published results meet standards set by the scientific community. Signup and view all the answers

A scientific theory is?

A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations. Signup and view all the answers

The process in which two cells from different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism is called?

Sexual reproduction Signup and view all the answers

The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions relatively stable is called?

Homeostasis Signup and view all the answers

How are unicellular and multicellular organisms alike? How are they different?

They are alike because both are organisms. They differ because unicellular consists of one cell while multicellular has many cells. Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of changes that take place as cells in a multicellular organism differentiate.

They build tissues such as brains, muscles, and digestive organs that serve various functions. Signup and view all the answers

List three examples of stimuli that a bird responds to.

Mating calls, weather changes, and sight of food. Signup and view all the answers

Before any graphs could be used to make direct comparisons among the populations, what additional information would be necessary?

The organisms they are discussing and time units. Signup and view all the answers

The independent variable in the controlled experiment was the?

Number of days. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a logical inference based on the content of the graph?

A fly population with more available space will grow larger than a population with less space. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Observations and Inferences

Observations involve gathering data using senses without previous knowledge, while inferences are logical interpretations based on existing knowledge.
An example of an observation: "the worm is 2 cm long."
An inference example: "the insect's pattern shows that it's poisonous."

Hypothesis and Testing

A hypothesis must be testable to be useful in science.
Scientists form hypotheses to provide possible answers or explanations for observations.
Testing one variable at a time helps scientists identify which variable affects the results.

Experimentation and Scientific Process

In a controlled experiment, only one variable is tested to determine its effects compared to a control group, which is kept constant.
Scientific theories are comprehensive explanations supported by extensive evidence from observations.
The purpose of peer review is to uphold scientific standards in published work.

Goals and Nature of Science

Science aims to explain natural events, understand patterns, and make predictions based on observations and evidence.
A skeptical attitude in science ensures that new ideas require strong supporting evidence for acceptance.

Biological Reproduction and Homeostasis

Sexual reproduction involves the union of two parent cells to create a new organism.
Homeostasis is the process by which organisms maintain stable internal conditions.

Organism Characteristics

Unicellular organisms consist of a single cell, while multicellular organisms have multiple cells that can differentiate into various types with distinct functions.
Multicellular organisms develop complex structures like muscles and organs through cell differentiation.

Responses to Stimuli

Birds respond to various stimuli such as mating calls, weather changes, and the sight of food.

Data Analysis and Variables

For effective comparisons in experiments using graphs, additional information like the organisms studied and time units is necessary.
The independent variable in an experiment can be measured by the number of days.

Logical Inferences

A logical inference from observed data could be that a fly population with more space will likely grow larger compared to one with limited space.

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Description

Test your understanding of key concepts from Chapter 1 of your science course. This quiz focuses on observations, inferences, and the nature of hypotheses, helping you refine your analytical skills. Perfect for review and reinforcement of essential scientific principles.