Science and Geography Facts Quiz

The Speed of Light: Approximately 299,792 kilometers per second (186,282 miles per second).
Human DNA: Contains about 3 billion base pairs with 20,000-25,000 genes.
Water Composition: Makes up about 60% of the human body.
Photosynthesis: Process used by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy; primarily in chloroplasts.
Periodic Table: Arranges 118 known chemical elements by atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring properties.

Continents: There are seven continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Australia, South America.
Largest Desert: The Sahara Desert, covering over 9 million square kilometers.
Highest Mountain: Mount Everest, standing at 8,848 meters (29,029 feet) above sea level.
Rivers: The Nile is considered the longest river in the world, measuring about 6,650 kilometers (4,130 miles).
Oceans: The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, covering more than 63 million square miles.

Albert Einstein: Renowned physicist known for the theory of relativity and contributions to modern physics.
Marie Curie: Pioneering scientist in radioactivity; first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
Mahatma Gandhi: Leader of India’s non-violent independence movement against British rule.
Nelson Mandela: Anti-apartheid revolutionary and former President of South Africa, known for his role in fighting racial oppression.
Leonardo da Vinci: Renaissance artist and inventor, famous for works like the "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper."

Ancient Civilizations: Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, and China are among the earliest known civilizations.
World Wars:
- WWI (1914-1918): Triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
- WWII (1939-1945): Involved global powers; key events include the Holocaust and the dropping of atomic bombs.
Cold War: Period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States from roughly 1947 to 1991.
Civil Rights Movement: A struggle for social justice in the U.S. during the 1950s and 1960s, led by figures like Martin Luther King Jr.
Decolonization: Post-WWII movement where many African and Asian nations gained independence from colonial powers.

Climate Change: Ongoing global issue characterized by rising temperatures, extreme weather, and environmental impacts.
COVID-19 Pandemic: A global health crisis that began in late 2019, leading to widespread illness and economic disruption.
Geopolitical Tensions: Issues such as U.S.-China relations and Russia's actions in Ukraine have significant global implications.
Technological Advances: Rapid developments in AI, renewable energy, and biotechnology are shaping the future.
Social Movements: Continued advocacy for equality and justice, such as Black Lives Matter and climate activism.

Speed of light travels at approximately 299,792 kilometers per second (186,282 miles per second), establishing the upper limit for how fast information can be transmitted.
Human DNA comprises about 3 billion base pairs and encodes for 20,000-25,000 genes, which determine biological functions and traits.
Water constitutes around 60% of the human body, crucial for maintaining physiological processes and homeostasis.
Photosynthesis is the mechanism by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, predominantly occurring in chloroplasts, sustaining life on Earth through oxygen production.
The periodic table organizes 118 known chemical elements based on atomic number, electron configuration, and periodic trends, serving as a fundamental tool in chemistry.

There are seven continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Australia, and South America, each with distinct cultures and ecosystems.
The Sahara Desert is the world's largest desert, covering over 9 million square kilometers, showcasing extreme conditions and unique biodiversity.
Mount Everest is the highest mountain on Earth, rising to 8,848 meters (29,029 feet) above sea level, presenting significant challenges for climbers.
The Nile River is regarded as the longest river globally, extending approximately 6,650 kilometers (4,130 miles), vital for the civilizations in its basin.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest ocean, with an area exceeding 63 million square miles, playing a crucial role in global weather patterns and marine biodiversity.

Albert Einstein is celebrated for his groundbreaking theory of relativity, which revolutionized understanding of time and space.
Marie Curie was a pioneering scientist recognized for her research on radioactivity; she was the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize, contributing significantly to science.
Mahatma Gandhi is admired for leading India's non-violent independence movement, promoting civil disobedience as a form of protest against British colonial rule.
Nelson Mandela was an anti-apartheid revolutionary who became South Africa's first Black president, known for his advocacy for racial equality and reconciliation.
Leonardo da Vinci was a polymath of the Renaissance period, known for masterpieces like the "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper," and for his innovative contributions to art and science.

Early civilizations include Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley, and China, which contributed to human development through advancements in writing, governance, and culture.
World War I (1914-1918) was initiated by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, leading to widespread conflict involving major powers.
World War II (1939-1945) was marked by significant events like the Holocaust and the use of atomic bombs, reshaping international relations and governance.
The Cold War (1947-1991) was characterized by rivalry between the Soviet Union and the United States, impacting global politics and leading to various proxy wars.
The Civil Rights Movement in the U.S. during the 1950s and 1960s sought to dismantle racial segregation and injustice, prominently featuring leaders like Martin Luther King Jr.
Decolonization post-WWII saw numerous African and Asian nations gain independence from colonialism, significantly altering global political landscapes.

Climate change represents a critical challenge, with rising global temperatures and extreme weather patterns threatening ecosystems and human livelihoods.
The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in late 2019, leading to widespread health crises, lockdowns, and economic disruptions across the globe.
Geopolitical tensions, notably between the U.S. and China and Russia's actions in Ukraine, underscore shifting power dynamics and international relations.
Rapid technological advancements in areas like artificial intelligence, renewable energy, and biotechnology are driving innovations that affect daily life and industry.
Social movements advocating for equality and justice, such as Black Lives Matter and climate activism, continue to gain momentum, influencing policy and public consciousness.