Saponification of Fats with Alkali Solutions

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What is the definition of slake?

To moisten or to undergo the process in which the lime reacts with water.

Define demulcent.

A bland viscous liquid used to coat and soothe the damaged or inflamed skin or mucous membrane.

What is effervescence?

Foaming formed as a result of a gas being evolved from a solid or liquid.

Explain emollient.

A substance applied to the skin to make it smooth and soft. Signup and view all the answers

What does research and development typically involve in a product company?

Identifying new technology, performance, or value and applying these to products. Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to prevent your soap from hardening before you're finished filling up the mold?

Work quickly Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to get rid of air bubbles in your soap molds?

Tap the full molds on the counter Signup and view all the answers

When should you add glitter and shimmery micas if you want to include them in your soap?

While the batter is still warm Signup and view all the answers

How long should you cure your soap for ideally?

About a week Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature range at which saponification occurs in the mold for cold process soap making?

30-50 °C Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to slowly pour the lye into the water and not the other way around when making the lye solution?

Pouring water into lye is dangerous and can cause a volcano effect Signup and view all the answers

What are the raw materials required for preparing solid shampoo bars?

Olive oil, coconut oil, water, lye, castor oil, essential oil Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to wear protective gear when using lye in the preparation of solid shampoo bars?

To ensure safety and prevent any harmful effects on the skin or eyes. Signup and view all the answers

What should be the temperature of the lye water and oils before mixing them together?

100 degrees Fahrenheit Signup and view all the answers

How should you mix the lye water and oils together in the preparation process?

With a hand or stick mixer until medium trace Signup and view all the answers

What is the next step after adding drops of essential oil and blending well in the procedure?

Pouring the mixture into a mold and insulating for 24 hours Signup and view all the answers

How long should the solid shampoo bars be allowed to cure after removing them from the mold?

24 hours in a cool, non-humid location Signup and view all the answers

What is the temperature range that should be maintained during the hot process (boiling process) of saponification?

50-100 °C Signup and view all the answers

Why should lye be slowly poured into water when creating the lye solution in soap making?

To avoid dangerous reactions like lye volcano-ing up out of the container. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a thermometer in the soap making process?

To check the temperature of the oil mixture before adding lye. Signup and view all the answers

What protective gear should be used when handling lye in soap making?

Protective gear like gloves and goggles. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to place the immersion/stick blender into the slow cooker at an angle when making soap?

To avoid splashing when adding lye and blending the mixture. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Pro Tip mentioned in the text for soap making involving the immersion/stick blender?

Place the immersion/stick blender into the slow cooker at an angle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of immediate packaging in the context of cosmetic products?

The container or other form of packaging immediately in contact with the cosmetic product. Signup and view all the answers

Define ingredients in the context of preparations.

Any material or component, whether active or inactive, that is incorporated in a preparation. Signup and view all the answers

Explain what labeling encompasses in relation to cosmetic products.

All labels, written, printed, or graphic matter on the immediate container or any package or wrapper, excluding outer shipping containers. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'levigate' mean in the context of preparing substances?

To reduce a substance to a fine powder using a levigating agent, usually glycerin. Signup and view all the answers

Define 'corrosive' as it relates to substances.

Any substance that can cause obvious damage to living tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PPE in the context of safety?

Protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury. Signup and view all the answers