Sandwich History and Components

Study Notes

John Montagu, the 4th Earl of Sandwich, is credited with inventing the sandwich.
The story goes that in 1762, during a 24-hour gambling session, he asked his cook to create food that could be eaten with one hand.
The cook sliced meat and placed it between two slices of toast, a design that worked perfectly for Montagu.
Elizabeth Raffald, a contemporary of John Montagu, is the first English cookbook author to mention a sandwich, writing a cookbook in 1769.
National Sandwich Day is observed annually on November 3rd in the United States.
The recognized origin of this culinary creation is attributed to John Montagu.

A sandwich is a food item comprising two or more slices of sliced bread, alongside one or more layers of meat, seafood, vegetables, cheese, or jam.
Components of a sandwich include a base (bread), a filling (ingredients), and a moistening agent (spread).

Base/Bread: The bread serves as the edible casing for the food inside. It may be one slice or multiple.
Filling: The filling is one or more hot or cold ingredients layered or folded within the sandwich.
Moistening Agent/Spread: A spread moistens the sandwich to prevent the base from becoming soggy. It joins the filling and base.

Pullman or sandwich loaves of white bread are frequently utilized for simple sandwiches. They are rectangular, and slices should be even-sized.

Rolls, including hard and soft rolls, hamburger rolls, hot dog rolls, and long rolls for submarine sandwiches.

Moist Fillings: Include ingredients mixed with salad dressing or mayonnaise (e.g., tuna salad, egg salad, chicken salad).
Dry Fillings: Consist of ingredients like sliced or cooked meat, poultry, and cheese.

Meats used for fillings should be cooked, refrigerated, and sliced just before preparation. Thinly sliced meat is more tender and juicy than thickly sliced.

Cheese dries out rapidly when unwrapped and sliced; hence pre-sliced cheese should be kept covered.

Popular mayonnaise-based salads include tuna salad, egg salad, chicken salad, and ham salad.

Lettuce, tomato, and onion are often used and are essential in sandwich production. Any vegetable in a salad may be used in a sandwich.

Many combinations of fillings exist, including chicken salad, egg and cheese, chicken and bacon, BLT, cheese and onion, prawn mayonnaise, chicken and ham, cheese and ham, and salmon and cucumber. Also, pimento cheese, peanut butter and jelly, ham and eggs, corn beef and cheese.

Butter prevents moisture from the sandwich from affecting the bread.
Soft butter is used for spreading. Butter may be softened by whipping in a mixer or standing at room temperature.