Questions and Answers
What is the recommended velocity range for the ventilation of fume hoods?
Which of the following chemicals is considered a human carcinogen?
What should the flow rate of a safety shower be to ensure adequate safety during a chemical exposure?
Which of the following chemicals should NOT be stored with alkali metals?
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What is the maximum volume of flammable solvents allowed outside of storage cabinets per room?
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Why are safety data sheets (SDSs) important in a laboratory setting?
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What is typically the first step to take in the event of a chemical spill?
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Which chemical is likely to explode over time due to deterioration?
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Which of the following is true regarding the storage of chemicals?
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What precaution should be taken when transporting bottles of acids and alkalis?
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What type of extinguishers can be used on ordinary combustible materials such as cloth and paper?
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Which type of hazard would require the use of Metal X for extinguishing fires?
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What characterizes hazardous wastes?
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Which class of fire hazard is associated with flammable liquids like grease and gasoline?
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What does a health hazard level of '4' indicate?
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Which quadrant of the standard hazard identification system indicates fire hazard?
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At what flash point does a substance described as having an extreme danger level (3) catch fire?
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What type of hazard is indicated by a yellow quadrant in the hazard identification system?
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What is the appropriate action for an explosion hazard classified as Type E?
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What is an example of a characteristic of hazardous wastes?
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Which of the following classes of fire hazards can be extinguished with carbon dioxide?
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Hazardous wastes pose a threat to which of the following?
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What does a health hazard level of '2' indicate?
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What type of extinguishing agent is used for flammable metals like magnesium and sodium?
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Which reactivity level indicates that a substance may detonate if subjected to shock and heat?
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At what flash point does a substance with a fire hazard level of '3' ignite?
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Which quadrant of the standard hazard identification system indicates health hazard?
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What is the classification for a fire hazard that should only be allowed to burn out?
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What is the proper classification for substances that are potentially lethal or carcinogenic?
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Which of the following is NOT a classification of fire hazard?
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What is a crucial factor for the effectiveness of fume hoods in a laboratory setting?
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Which of the following materials requires special consideration for storage due to their hazardous nature?
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What should you do in response to a chemical spill in the laboratory?
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When transporting chemicals, what precaution should be taken?
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Which chemical is categorized as a probable human carcinogen?
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What is the recommended flow rate for safety showers in a laboratory to ensure adequate safety?
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Why is it important to store chemicals following standard guidelines instead of alphabetically?
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What is one of the hazards associated with certain chemicals like peroxides?
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Which of the following statements about safety data sheets (SDSs) is correct?
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What is the maximum working volume of flammable solvents allowed outside storage cabinets?
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Study Notes
Safety in Clinical Laboratory
- A secure working environment is essential for personnel, with measures for hazard containment and clear safety protocols.
- Ergonomics and waste disposal guidelines should be available for all staff.
Types of Fire Hazards and Extinguishers
- Class A: Ordinary combustibles (cloth, paper, plastics, wood) are extinguished with water, dry chemical, or steam.
- Class B: Flammable liquids (grease, gasoline, paints) require dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or halon foam.
- Class C: Electrical equipment fires are managed by carbon dioxide, dry chemical, and halon.
- Class D: Flammable metals (mercury, magnesium, sodium) should only be extinguished by firefighters using Metal X.
- Class E: Arsenal fires usually burn out; precautions must protect nearby materials.
Hazardous Waste Management
- Hazardous wastes pose threats to human health and the environment, necessitating specialized handling and disposal.
- Characteristics include being flammable, reactive, toxic, or carcinogenic.
Levels of Hazards and Reactivity
-
Health Hazard Levels:
- 4 - Deadly
- 3 - Extreme danger
- 2 - Hazardous
- 1 - Slightly hazardous
- 0 - Normal material
-
Fire Hazard Levels:
- Flash points range from under 73°F (3 - Extreme) to above 200°F (0 - Stable).
-
Reactivity:
- Levels proceed from potential detonation (4) to stable (0).
Standard Hazard Identification System
-
Color-coded Quadrants:
- Blue: Health hazard
- Red: Flammable hazard
- Yellow: Reactivity/Stability
- White: Special information
Fume Hoods and Safety Showers
- Fume hoods are essential for protecting against hazardous fume inhalation; must be inspected for airflow and ventilation.
- Safety showers should deliver 30-50 gallons per minute at 20-50 psi.
Chemical Precautions
- Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) should include manufacturer contact details, health hazards, and disposal procedures.
- The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) mandates clear labeling of chemical hazards and safety measures.
Chemical Spill Protocol
- In the event of a chemical spill, immediate evacuation and assistance to personnel is crucial.
Chemical Transport and Storage
- Use safety carriers for acids and alkalis over 500 mL.
- Chemicals must not be stored alphabetically; especially hazardous chemicals like alkali metals must be stored separately from incompatible substances.
- Maximum allowable volume of flammable solvents outside storage cabinets is 5 gallons.
Chemical Types and Risks
- Flammable Solvents: Acetone, ethanol, heptane, toluene, methanol, xylene, benzene, isopropanol.
- Peroxide-forming chemicals (e.g., ether) become hazardous with time and potential for explosion.
Safety in Clinical Laboratory
- A secure working environment is essential for personnel, with measures for hazard containment and clear safety protocols.
- Ergonomics and waste disposal guidelines should be available for all staff.
Types of Fire Hazards and Extinguishers
- Class A: Ordinary combustibles (cloth, paper, plastics, wood) are extinguished with water, dry chemical, or steam.
- Class B: Flammable liquids (grease, gasoline, paints) require dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or halon foam.
- Class C: Electrical equipment fires are managed by carbon dioxide, dry chemical, and halon.
- Class D: Flammable metals (mercury, magnesium, sodium) should only be extinguished by firefighters using Metal X.
- Class E: Arsenal fires usually burn out; precautions must protect nearby materials.
Hazardous Waste Management
- Hazardous wastes pose threats to human health and the environment, necessitating specialized handling and disposal.
- Characteristics include being flammable, reactive, toxic, or carcinogenic.
Levels of Hazards and Reactivity
-
Health Hazard Levels:
- 4 - Deadly
- 3 - Extreme danger
- 2 - Hazardous
- 1 - Slightly hazardous
- 0 - Normal material
-
Fire Hazard Levels:
- Flash points range from under 73°F (3 - Extreme) to above 200°F (0 - Stable).
-
Reactivity:
- Levels proceed from potential detonation (4) to stable (0).
Standard Hazard Identification System
-
Color-coded Quadrants:
- Blue: Health hazard
- Red: Flammable hazard
- Yellow: Reactivity/Stability
- White: Special information
Fume Hoods and Safety Showers
- Fume hoods are essential for protecting against hazardous fume inhalation; must be inspected for airflow and ventilation.
- Safety showers should deliver 30-50 gallons per minute at 20-50 psi.
Chemical Precautions
- Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) should include manufacturer contact details, health hazards, and disposal procedures.
- The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) mandates clear labeling of chemical hazards and safety measures.
Chemical Spill Protocol
- In the event of a chemical spill, immediate evacuation and assistance to personnel is crucial.
Chemical Transport and Storage
- Use safety carriers for acids and alkalis over 500 mL.
- Chemicals must not be stored alphabetically; especially hazardous chemicals like alkali metals must be stored separately from incompatible substances.
- Maximum allowable volume of flammable solvents outside storage cabinets is 5 gallons.
Chemical Types and Risks
- Flammable Solvents: Acetone, ethanol, heptane, toluene, methanol, xylene, benzene, isopropanol.
- Peroxide-forming chemicals (e.g., ether) become hazardous with time and potential for explosion.
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Description
This quiz covers essential safety protocols and guidelines within the clinical laboratory setting. Learn about fire hazards, proper waste management, and the importance of ergonomics to ensure a safe working environment for all personnel. Understand the types of fire extinguishers and their appropriate applications in various situations.
