ADHD Background and Treatment (Overview)

<p>Strattera</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daytrana</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vyvanse</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Desoxyn</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At least six</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cognitive-behavioral therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strattera</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Once daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strattera</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intuniv and Kapvay</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quillivant XR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adzenys XR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adderall XR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daytrana</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ritalin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central alpha-2 agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stimulating alpha-2 receptors in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive sleepiness and dizziness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abrupt discontinuation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomoxetine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing norepinephrine levels in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may cause a skin rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blurred vision and dry mouth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The neurotransmitters believed to be imbalanced in individuals with ADHD are dopamine and norepinephrine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first-line treatment option for ADHD is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The commonly prescribed stimulant medications for ADHD include Concerta, Daytrana Patch, Ritalin, Vyvanse, and Adderall.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The common adverse effects of guanfacine and clonidine include somnolence (excessive sleepiness), dizziness, headache, and a decrease in blood pressure resulting in bradycardia (slow heart rate) and hypotension (low blood pressure).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomoxetine, an SNRI, increases norepinephrine levels in the brain to improve ADHD symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is important to be aware that sedation and drowsiness with guanfacine and clonidine are dose-dependent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential side effects of atomoxetine include headache, insomnia, somnolence (excessive sleepiness), hypertension, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), dry mouth, nausea, abdominal pain, decreased appetite, and sexual dysfunction or changes in libido.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common side effects of methylphenidate and amphetamine medications include decreased appetite, insomnia, headache, stomachache, irritability, and increased heart rate or blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common side effects of guanfacine and clonidine include sedation, drowsiness, hypotension (low blood pressure), dry mouth, constipation, and fatigue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomoxetine (Strattera) carries a black box warning for the risk of suicidal ideation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential side effects of methylphenidate and amphetamine medications include nausea, insomnia, loss of appetite, headache, irritability, blurry vision, dry mouth, and cardiac and central nervous system symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some contraindications for using methylphenidate IR include the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within the past 14 days, heart problems such as heart failure, recent myocardial infarction (heart attack), arrhythmias, and moderate to severe hypertension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The potential side effects of guanfacine and clonidine include sedation, drowsiness, hypotension, bradycardia, dry mouth, and constipation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some important considerations when taking guanfacine and clonidine include avoiding abrupt discontinuation, as it may lead to withdrawal symptoms, monitoring blood pressure and heart rate regularly, and being aware of potential sedation and drowsiness, which are not dose-dependent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concerta = A commonly prescribed stimulant medication for ADHD Strattera = A non-stimulant medication considered as a second-line treatment option for individuals who may have a suspected risk of abuse or do not respond well to stimulants Fish oils = A non-drug treatment that has shown some benefits in managing ADHD symptoms Intuniv = A medication used as an adjunct or standalone treatment for ADHD</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inattention = At least six symptoms Hyperactivity and impulsivity = At least six symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine = Believed to be imbalanced in individuals with ADHD Norepinephrine = Believed to be imbalanced in individuals with ADHD</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomoxetine = Increases norepinephrine levels in the brain Guanfacine = Stimulates alpha-2 receptors in the brain Clonidine = Stimulates alpha-2 receptors in the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guanfacine extended-release = Central alpha-2 agonist Clonidine extended-release = Central alpha-2 agonist Atomoxetine = Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Guanfacine and Clonidine = Somnolence, dizziness, headache, bradycardia, hypotension Atomoxetine = Black box warning for suicidal ideation Guanfacine = Rarely cause a skin rash</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ritalin = Should not be used in individuals with pheochromocytoma Concerta = Has a 'ghost tablet' that is excreted in the stool Methylphenidate XR = Available in forms like Quillichew ER, Quillivant XR, and Contempla XR-ODT Daytrana = A transdermal patch that should be applied at least 2 hours before the desired effect and removed after 9 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adderall = Effectiveness can be reduced by acidic substances Vyvanse = A prodrug of dextroamphetamine that can be mixed with water, yogurt, or orange juice Desoxyn = Prescribed in certain cases, another form of amphetamine Dextro-amphetamine = Available as immediate release under the brand name Adderall</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylphenidate IR = Contact a primary care physician if chest pain or shortness of breath occurs Atomoxetine = Carries a black box warning for the risk of suicidal ideation Guanfacine = Avoid abrupt discontinuation due to withdrawal symptoms Clonidine = Avoid abrupt discontinuation due to withdrawal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylphenidate = Increases certain chemicals in the brain that improve focus, attention, and impulse control Amphetamine medications = Increase the levels of certain chemicals in the brain that improve focus, attention, and impulse control Atomoxetine = Increases the levels of norepinephrine in the brain Guanfacine = Works through different mechanisms of action to help improve ADHD symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quillivant XR = Long-acting suspension to be shaken for at least 10 seconds before use Quillichew ER = Chewable tablet Contempla XR = Orally disintegrating tablet Daytrana = Transdermal patch applied to the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylphenidate and amphetamines = Nausea, insomnia, loss of appetite, headache, irritability, blurry vision, and dry mouth Focalin XR = Can be opened and sprinkled onto food without chewing the beads Ritalin = Not to be used in patients with pheochromocytoma Methylphenidate IR = Carries a black box warning for abuse and dependence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ritalin = Not to be used in patients with pheochromocytoma Methylphenidate IR = Should not be used by individuals who have used monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within the past 14 days, as well as in individuals with heart problems, and moderate to severe hypertension Stimulants = Should be avoided in those who have used monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) within the past 14 days, as well as in individuals with heart problems, and moderate to severe hypertension Amphetamines = There is a black box warning for serotonin syndrome associated with stimulant use</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylphenidate = Regular monitoring is important. If chest pain or shortness of breath occurs, it is recommended to contact a healthcare professional Ritalin and Methylin = Methylphenidate Immediate Release (IR) is available under these brand names Focalin XR, Ritalin LA, Aptensio XR, Adderall XR = Sprinkle capsules that can be opened and sprinkled onto a small amount of food without chewing the beads Quillivant XR = Should be shaken for at least 10 seconds before use</p> Signup and view all the answers