Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is the term used to describe the breaking-down reactions in an organism?
What is the energy requirement for anabolic reactions?
What is the process by which starch is broken down into glucose during digestion?
What is the term used to describe the overall rate of chemical reactions of an organism?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of reactions involve the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler ones?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the process by which energy-rich food substances are broken down into carbon dioxide and water to release energy during respiration?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of enzymes in living cells?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the energy required to start a chemical reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of enzymes in the metabolism of living organisms?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the characteristic of enzymes that distinguishes them from other catalysts?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of enzymes lowering the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the chemicals produced by living cells to speed up chemical reactions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason why the rate of most enzymatic reactions decreases rapidly when the temperature exceeds 50°C?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the temperature at which an enzyme's reaction rate is the fastest?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the effect of extreme pH on an enzyme's activity?
Signup and view all the answers
Why do enzymes have different optimum pH values?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the result of an enzyme's chemical structure being changed at high temperatures?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the process by which an enzyme's chemical structure is altered, making it inactive?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of enzymes that allows them to be reused multiple times?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason why only small amounts of enzymes are required for catalysis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the term for the process by which an enzyme's structure is altered due to high temperatures or extreme pH?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the specific shape on an enzyme molecule that allows it to combine with a substrate molecule?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the unstable structure formed when an enzyme molecule combines with a substrate molecule?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason why enzymes are specific in their actions?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of amylases in industrial applications?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic of enzymes that makes them environmentally friendly?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the role of proteases in tenderizing meat?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the advantage of using enzymes in industrial processes in terms of energy consumption?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the purpose of using cellulases in the production of stonewashed jeans?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common application of enzymes in daily life?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Enzymes and Metabolism
- Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions that take place within a cell
- Metabolism can be divided into catabolic processes (breaking-down reactions) and anabolic processes (building-up reactions)
Effect of Temperature on Enzymes
- Enzymes are proteins, and their chemical structures can be changed by high temperatures
- Above 50°C, the rate of most enzymatic reactions drops rapidly due to denaturation of enzymes
- Each enzyme has its own optimum temperature, which is the temperature at which it works best
Effect of pH on Enzymes
- Enzymes work within a narrow range of pH
- Small changes in pH can greatly affect the activity of the enzyme
- Each enzyme has its own optimum pH, and extreme pH can denature the enzyme
Metabolic Rate
- Metabolic rate refers to the overall rate of chemical reactions of an organism
- It is influenced by factors such as temperature, pH, and the presence of enzymes
Catalysts and Enzymes
- Catalysts are chemicals that can speed up the rate of chemical reactions
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that are proteins produced by living cells
- Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions to take place
Properties of Enzymes
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions but remain unchanged at the end of the reactions
- Enzymes are specific in their actions and can usually catalyze only one particular reaction
- Enzymes are reusable and only a small amount is needed for reactions
How Enzymes Work
- Enzyme molecules have an active site with a specific shape that combines with substrate molecules to form an enzyme-substrate complex
- The complex breaks down to release the product molecule(s) and the enzyme molecule, which remains unchanged
Enzymes in Human Body and Daily Life
- Enzymes can be found along the alimentary canal and speed up the breaking-down of food substances
- Enzymes have various applications in daily life, such as in the production of syrups, fruit juices, bread, and jeans
- Enzymes are biodegradable, specific in action, and can reduce the production of unwanted products, making them environmentally friendly and energy-saving
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on metabolism, the chemical reactions that occur within a cell, and its two main processes: catabolic and anabolic. Learn about enzymes and their role in facilitating these reactions.
