24 Questions
What was the outcome of the elections to the Constituent Assembly in November 1917?
The Bolsheviks failed to gain majority support.
What was the main reason for Lenin dismissing the Constituent Assembly?
It rejected Bolshevik measures.
What was the result of the clothing competition organised in 1918?
The Soviet hat (budeonovka) was chosen.
What was the name of the secret police established by the Bolsheviks?
All of the above
What was the outcome of the Treaty of Brest Litovsk in March 1918?
Russia made peace with Germany.
What was the result of the Bolsheviks becoming the only party to participate in the elections to the All Russian Congress of Soviets?
Russia became a one-party state.
What was the reason for many young writers and artists rallying to the Party?
Because it stood for socialism and change.
What was the result of the Party's control over trade unions?
Trade unions were kept under party control.
What was the outcome of the meeting between the delegation and the Tsar on March 2, 1917?
The Tsar abdicated
What was the name of the council formed by soldiers and striking workers in the Duma building?
The Petrograd Soviet
What was one of the main demands of the demonstrators on the streets of the left bank?
Higher wages and better hours
What was the significance of the cavalry's refusal to fire on the demonstrators?
It showed the military's support for the demonstrators
What was the outcome of the February Revolution?
The monarchy was abolished and a Provisional Government was formed
What was the role of women in the February Revolution?
They often inspired their male co-workers
What was the significance of the Petrograd Soviet?
It was a council of soldiers and striking workers
What was the composition of the Provisional Government formed after the February Revolution?
Soviet leaders and Duma leaders
What was the main reason for the food shortages in Petrograd in February 1917?
Shortage of bread and flour
Which of the following groups opposed the Tsar's desire to dissolve the Duma?
Parliamentarians
What was the significance of the event on 23 February 1917?
Workers in fifty factories called a strike
Why did the demonstrators cross from the factory quarters to the centre of the capital?
To surround the fashionable quarters and official buildings
What was the outcome of the demonstrations on 24th and 25th February?
The government suspended the Duma
What was the name given to the event on 23 February 1917?
The International Women's Day
Which of the following was NOT a factor that contributed to the February Revolution?
Dissolution of the Duma
What was the significance of the River Neva in Petrograd?
It divided the city into workers' quarters and fashionable areas
Study Notes
The February Revolution
- Demonstrators returned to the streets of the left bank on February 26, 1917, demanding bread, better wages, better hours, and democracy.
- On February 27, the Police Headquarters were ransacked, and the cavalry refused to fire on the demonstrators.
- Officers were shot, and three regiments mutinied, voting to join the striking workers.
- By the evening of February 27, soldiers and striking workers gathered to form a 'soviet' or 'council' in the same building as the Duma met, known as the Petrograd Soviet.
Abdication of the Tsar
- A delegation from the Petrograd Soviet went to see the Tsar on February 28, and military commanders advised him to abdicate.
- The Tsar abdicated on March 2, 1917, and Soviet leaders and Duma leaders formed a Provisional Government to run the country.
Women in the February Revolution
- Women workers often inspired their male coworkers to strike, and played a crucial role in the revolution.
- Marfa Vasileva, a worker at the Lorenz telephone factory, almost single-handedly called a successful strike.
Bolsheviks in Power
- The government took over ownership and management of factories, and land was declared social property, allowing peasants to seize the land of the nobility.
- In cities, the Bolsheviks enforced the partition of large houses according to family requirements and banned the use of old titles of aristocracy.
- A new uniform was designed for the army and officials, including the Soviet hat (budeonovka), which was chosen following a clothing competition in 1918.
One-Party State
- The Bolsheviks conducted elections to the Constituent Assembly in November 1917 but failed to gain majority support.
- In January 1918, the Assembly rejected Bolshevik measures, and Lenin dismissed the Assembly, believing the All-Russian Congress of Soviets was more democratic.
- The Bolsheviks became the only party to participate in the elections to the All-Russian Congress of Soviets, which became the Parliament of the country, making Russia a one-party state.
Trade Unions and Secret Police
- Trade unions were kept under party control, and the secret police (initially called the Cheka, later OGPU and NKVD) punished those who criticized the Bolsheviks.
Arts and Censorship
- Many young writers and artists rallied to the Party because it stood for socialism and change, leading to experiments in the arts and architecture.
- However, many became disillusioned due to the censorship the Party encouraged.
A quiz about the events of the Russian Revolution of 1905, including the demonstrations, strikes, and government responses.
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