Uzma Chapter 4_mcq_create with chatgpt4
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of DNA polymerase in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

  • To cleave DNA fragments
  • To replicate a specific segment of DNA (correct)
  • To join DNA fragments
  • To transcribe DNA into RNA

Which technique allows the amplification of a specific segment of DNA?

  • Gel electrophoresis
  • Southern blotting
  • PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) (correct)
  • DNA sequencing

What is the significance of recombinant DNA technology?

  • It allows the study of mutant phenotypes.
  • It enables the cloning of specific DNA fragments in bacteria. (correct)
  • It is used for amplifying DNA segments.
  • It is the primary method for DNA sequencing.

Which process involves the propagation of individual DNA fragments in bacteria for isolation?

<p>Molecular cloning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of the DNA Provirus Hypothesis?

<p>It suggests that viral DNA integrates into the host genome. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?

<p>Double-stranded helix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gene expression, what is the primary function of RNA interference (RNAi)?

<p>Silencing gene expression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of using restriction endonucleases in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>To cut DNA at specific sequences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experimental evidence supports the semiconservative replication of DNA?

<p>The Meselson-Stahl experiment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does a plasmid vector play in molecular cloning?

<p>It carries foreign DNA into a host cell. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment established DNA as the genetic material?

<p>The Hershey-Chase experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for detecting specific nucleic acids within a sample?

<p>Southern blotting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In gene expression, which process involves the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA?

<p>Transcription (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of dideoxynucleotides in DNA sequencing?

<p>They terminate DNA chain elongation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used for amplifying a single DNA molecule to a detectable quantity?

<p>Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental property of all living things that is emphasized in the study of heredity?

<p>The ability to reproduce (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key component in the expression of genetic information in eukaryotes?

<p>RNA interference (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the DNA Provirus Hypothesis in molecular biology?

<p>It suggests viral DNA can integrate into the host genome. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Meselson-Stahl experiment demonstrate about DNA replication?

<p>It is a semi-conservative process. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is essential for the replication of DNA during PCR?

<p>Taq polymerase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves the separation of DNA fragments based on size?

<p>Gel electrophoresis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In genetic engineering, what is the function of a plasmid vector?

<p>To introduce foreign DNA into host cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment demonstrated that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material?

<p>The Hershey-Chase experiment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotic cells?

<p>Gene silencing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to determine the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule?

<p>DNA sequencing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at specific sequences in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>Restriction endonuclease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of gel electrophoresis in molecular biology?

<p>Separating DNA fragments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of gene function in eukaryotes, what is a major advantage of recombinant DNA technology?

<p>It allows for the study of genes within intact organisms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in PCR results in an exponential increase in the number of DNA molecules?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment in molecular biology?

<p>It demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In eukaryotes, which process involves the removal of introns and joining of exons in mRNA?

<p>RNA splicing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>To join together DNA fragments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is typically used for the detection of proteins?

<p>Western blotting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in molecular biology?

<p>It is used for the amplification of specific DNA segments. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of RNA interference (RNAi) in gene expression?

<p>It silences specific genes by degrading mRNA. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In molecular cloning, what is the primary function of a restriction endonuclease?

<p>To cut DNA at specific recognition sites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Taq polymerase in PCR?

<p>To synthesize new DNA strands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process of gel electrophoresis?

<p>Separation of molecules based on size and charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Southern blotting in molecular biology?

<p>To detect specific sequences of DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which experiment was crucial in demonstrating the semiconservative model of DNA replication?

<p>The Meselson-Stahl experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of molecular cloning, what is the purpose of a vector?

<p>To carry and replicate foreign DNA within a host cell. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to identify specific proteins within a complex mixture?

<p>Western blotting (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do dideoxynucleotides play in DNA sequencing?

<p>They terminate DNA chain elongation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the process of RNA splicing, what is removed from the pre-mRNA molecule?

<p>Introns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of restriction endonucleases in recombinant DNA technology?

<p>To cut DNA at specific sequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of Taq polymerase in PCR?

<p>It synthesizes new strands of DNA. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of gel electrophoresis in molecular biology?

<p>To separate molecules based on size and charge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In molecular biology, what is the primary purpose of Southern blotting?

<p>To detect specific sequences of DNA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involves the binding of primers to the target DNA sequence?

<p>Annealing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Meselson-Stahl experiment in understanding DNA replication?

<p>It demonstrated that DNA replicates in a semi-conservative manner. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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