50 Questions
What is the primary role of DNA polymerase in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
To replicate a specific segment of DNA
Which technique allows the amplification of a specific segment of DNA?
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
What is the significance of recombinant DNA technology?
It enables the cloning of specific DNA fragments in bacteria.
Which process involves the propagation of individual DNA fragments in bacteria for isolation?
Molecular cloning
What is a key feature of the DNA Provirus Hypothesis?
It suggests that viral DNA integrates into the host genome.
Which of the following best describes the structure of DNA?
Double-stranded helix
In the context of gene expression, what is the primary function of RNA interference (RNAi)?
Silencing gene expression
What is the main purpose of using restriction endonucleases in recombinant DNA technology?
To cut DNA at specific sequences
Which experimental evidence supports the semiconservative replication of DNA?
The Meselson-Stahl experiment
What role does a plasmid vector play in molecular cloning?
It carries foreign DNA into a host cell.
Which experiment established DNA as the genetic material?
The Hershey-Chase experiment
What is the primary method for detecting specific nucleic acids within a sample?
Southern blotting
In gene expression, which process involves the transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA?
Transcription
What is the role of dideoxynucleotides in DNA sequencing?
They terminate DNA chain elongation.
Which method is used for amplifying a single DNA molecule to a detectable quantity?
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
What is the fundamental property of all living things that is emphasized in the study of heredity?
The ability to reproduce
Which is a key component in the expression of genetic information in eukaryotes?
RNA interference
What is the significance of the DNA Provirus Hypothesis in molecular biology?
It suggests viral DNA can integrate into the host genome.
What does the Meselson-Stahl experiment demonstrate about DNA replication?
It is a semi-conservative process.
Which component is essential for the replication of DNA during PCR?
Taq polymerase
Which technique involves the separation of DNA fragments based on size?
Gel electrophoresis
In genetic engineering, what is the function of a plasmid vector?
To introduce foreign DNA into host cells
Which experiment demonstrated that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material?
The Hershey-Chase experiment
What is the main purpose of RNA interference (RNAi) in eukaryotic cells?
Gene silencing
Which method is used to determine the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule?
DNA sequencing
Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at specific sequences in recombinant DNA technology?
Restriction endonuclease
What is the primary role of gel electrophoresis in molecular biology?
Separating DNA fragments
In the context of gene function in eukaryotes, what is a major advantage of recombinant DNA technology?
It allows for the study of genes within intact organisms.
Which process in PCR results in an exponential increase in the number of DNA molecules?
All of the above
What is the significance of the Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment in molecular biology?
It demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material.
In eukaryotes, which process involves the removal of introns and joining of exons in mRNA?
RNA splicing
What is the purpose of DNA ligase in recombinant DNA technology?
To join together DNA fragments
Which method is typically used for the detection of proteins?
Western blotting
What is the significance of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in molecular biology?
It is used for the amplification of specific DNA segments.
Which statement best describes the role of RNA interference (RNAi) in gene expression?
It silences specific genes by degrading mRNA.
In molecular cloning, what is the primary function of a restriction endonuclease?
To cut DNA at specific recognition sites
What is the main function of Taq polymerase in PCR?
To synthesize new DNA strands
Which of the following best describes the process of gel electrophoresis?
Separation of molecules based on size and charge
What is the primary goal of Southern blotting in molecular biology?
To detect specific sequences of DNA
Which experiment was crucial in demonstrating the semiconservative model of DNA replication?
The Meselson-Stahl experiment
In the context of molecular cloning, what is the purpose of a vector?
To carry and replicate foreign DNA within a host cell.
Which technique is used to identify specific proteins within a complex mixture?
Western blotting
What role do dideoxynucleotides play in DNA sequencing?
They terminate DNA chain elongation.
In the process of RNA splicing, what is removed from the pre-mRNA molecule?
Introns
What is the function of restriction endonucleases in recombinant DNA technology?
To cut DNA at specific sequences
Which statement best describes the role of Taq polymerase in PCR?
It synthesizes new strands of DNA.
What is the main application of gel electrophoresis in molecular biology?
To separate molecules based on size and charge
In molecular biology, what is the primary purpose of Southern blotting?
To detect specific sequences of DNA
Which process in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) involves the binding of primers to the target DNA sequence?
Annealing
What is the significance of the Meselson-Stahl experiment in understanding DNA replication?
It demonstrated that DNA replicates in a semi-conservative manner.
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