Questions and Answers
What is the classification of Risperidone (Risperdal)?
What are the indications for using Risperidone (Risperdal)?
Schizophrenia, bipolar mania, autistic disorder in children
Which of the following are side effects of Risperidone (Risperdal)?
What precautions should be taken when administering Risperidone (Risperdal) to geriatric patients?
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What is the mechanism of action of Risperidone (Risperdal)?
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Risperidone (Risperdal) is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity.
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What caution should be taken when prescribing Risperidone (Risperdal)?
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What interactions are noteworthy with Risperidone (Risperdal)?
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Study Notes
Risperidone Overview
- Risperidone (brand name Risperdal) is classified as an antipsychotic and falls under the benzisoxazoles category.
- It is classified as Category C for pregnancy and is available in oral (PO) and intramuscular (IM) forms.
- The liver metabolizes Risperidone.
Indications
- Approved for the treatment of schizophrenia in both adults and adolescents.
- Used for managing bipolar mania.
- Can be combined with lithium or valproate for children with autistic disorders.
Side Effects
- Notable side effects include Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS), dizziness, aggression, and various extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS).
- Other effects: headache, altered sleep patterns (increased duration, insomnia, sedation), nervousness, and fatigue.
- Gastrointestinal reactions include constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, and abdominal pain.
- May cause weight changes (gain/loss), increased thirst (polydipsia), and sexual/reproductive issues (decreased libido, dysmenorrhea).
- Cardiac effects may consist of arrhythmias and orthostatic hypotension.
Nursing Responsibilities
- Geriatric patients may require a lower dosage due to a higher risk of cerebrovascular events.
- Not indicated for patients with dementia-related psychosis.
- Safety in pediatric patients has not been established.
- Regular monitoring of body mass index (BMI), blood glucose (A1C), cholesterol, complete blood count (CBC), liver function tests (LFT), and eye examinations is essential.
- Increased attention is needed for signs of EPS, tardive dyskinesia (TD), and suicidality.
Drug Action
- The mechanism of action is believed to involve the antagonism of dopamine and serotonin in the central nervous system (CNS).
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug.
- Should be discontinued in lactating patients.
Caution
- Use with caution in clients who are debilitated, have hepatic or renal impairment, cardiovascular disease, or a history of seizures.
- Patients with a history of drug abuse or suicide attempts should also be closely monitored.
- Individuals with diabetes may experience worsened glucose control.
Drug Interactions
- May reduce the effectiveness of antiparkinsonian medications like levodopa.
- Co-administration with enzyme inducers such as carbamazepine or phenytoin can reduce Risperidone's effectiveness.
- Fluoxetine and paroxetine may enhance the effectiveness of Risperidone.
- Clozapine may lower Risperidone metabolism and elevate its effects.
- Central nervous system depressants (e.g., kava, valerian, chamomile) can increase sedation effects.
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Description
Explore the comprehensive overview of Risperidone, an antipsychotic medication used for treating schizophrenia and bipolar mania. This quiz covers its indications, side effects, and important classifications regarding its use, especially in different patient demographics. Test your knowledge on the intricacies of this medication.
